The authors ana lysed statistically seventy-five cases of the eye injuries in childhood under the age of 20 years old during a full year of 1972. 1. Incidence of eye injuries under 20 years old was about 1.1% of total out-patients and 39.9% of total eye injuries. 2. The most common objects to the injury were iron pieces or iron made materials (24%) such as needle, nail, flying iron piece, toy, wire and bar etc. 3. The most common nature of eye injuries was traumatic cataract (14.2%) 4. Seasonally the high peak of injuries was in summer (33.3%) and winter vacation (30.7%) 5. Blindness(under20/200 of corrected VA) was occured finally in 10.8% of total 75 cases.
Cataract ; Diptera ; Eye Injuries* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iron ; Needles ; Outpatients ; Play and Playthings ; Seasons ; Young Adult

Child ; Deglutition ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; etiology ; Play and Playthings ; injuries

We report two colorectal trauma patients whose rectosigmoid region was ruptured due to a jet of compressed air directed to their anus while they were playing practical jokes with their colleagues in their place of work. It was difficult to diagnose in one patient due to vague symptoms and signs and due to being stunned by a stroke of the compressed air. Both patients suffered from abdominal pain and distension, tension pneumoperitoneum and mild respiratory alkalosis. One patient was treated with primary two layer closure, and the other with primary two layer closure and sigmoid loop colostomy. Anorectal manometry and transanal ultrasonography checked 4 weeks after surgery, revealed normal anorectal function and anatomy. The postoperative courses were favorable without any wound infection or intraabdominal sepsis.
Accidents, Occupational ; Case Report ; Colon/*injuries/surgery ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Play and Playthings ; Pneumoperitoneum/*complications/surgery ; Rectum/*injuries/surgery ; Rupture

In this study, we investigated playground equipment related injuries in preschool-aged children. This was a retrospective observational study using Emergency Department based Injury In-depth Surveillance, (2011–2014). We included the preschool-aged children with playground equipment related injuries. We surveyed the mechanism and incidence of injuries, and estimated the odds ratio (OR) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and upper/lower extremities fracture. There were 6,110 patients, mean age was 4.14 ± 1.95 years old. Slide and swing related injuries were 2,475 (40.5%) and 1,102 (18.0%). Fall down (48.5%) was the most common mechanism. The OR of TBI in children 0–2 years old was 1.88 times higher than children 3–7 years old, and in swing was 4.72 (OR, 4.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.37–9.40) times higher than seesaw. The OR of upper extremity fracture in children 3–7 years old was 3.07 times higher than children 0–2 years old, and in climbing was 2.03 (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.63–2.52) times higher than swing. The OR of lower extremity fractures in horizontal bars, tightropes, and trampolines was 2.95 (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.55–5.61) times higher than swing. The most common mechanism and playground equipment were fall down and slide. TBI was associated to younger children (0–2 years old) and swing. Fracture of upper extremities was associated to older children (3–7 years old) and climbing. Fracture of lower extremities was associated to others such as horizontal bars, tightropes, and trampolines.
Brain Injuries ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Extremities ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Observational Study ; Odds Ratio ; Play and Playthings ; Retrospective Studies ; Upper Extremity ; Wounds and Injuries

A retrospective survey was conducted on all children with eye injuries who were admitted to Chonnam National University Hospital from January 1993 to December 1998 to determine demographic, etiologic, and risk factors and to identify trend and preventable causes. Of the 147 children, 116 children(78.9%)were boys and 31 children(21.1%)were girls. The types of injury were categorized into six groups. Several of the patients sustained more than one type of injury;therefore, the total number of injuries(186)is greater than the total number of patients(147). The non-perforating anterior injury was the most frequent type of injury encountered(83 eyes;44.6%). The majority of these patients was diagnosed as hyphema. Penetrating anterior globe injury occurred in 55 children(29.6%). Stick or branch was the most common cause of all injuries, occurring in 20 children(13.6%). Other causes of pediatric ocular trauma were sports-related, BB pellet, fist, traffic accidents, glasses, toy, boomerang etc.Of the 68 children diagnosed as hyphema, 14 children(20.6%)were resulted from sports-related injuries. Of the 52 children of anterior perforating eye injuries, 9 children(17.3%) were resulted from branches or sticks.Of the 147 children admitted for ocular trauma, 87 children(59.2%)required surgical treatment. Primary repair of corneal perforation was the most common operation(17 children;19.5%). The preventable causes of pediatric ocular injuries are sports, toy such as BB pellet and broken glasses, but the most important factors are the control of dangerous play and the adequate adult supervision.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Child ; Corneal Perforation ; Eye Injuries ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Glass ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Jeollanam-do ; Organization and Administration ; Play and Playthings ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sports

BACKGROUND: A kids café is a popular indoor playground in Korea that combines a playground for young children and a café for their caregivers. There have been no national reports about kids café-related injuries in Korea. This study investigated kids café-related injuries in Korea registered in a multicenter injury surveillance database and analyzed the risk factors for significant kids café-related injuries.METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed using the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in Korea between 2011 and 2016. Significant injury was defined as an injury requiring hospitalization or surgery. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to obtain the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for factors associated with significant kids café-related injuries.RESULTS: Among 1,537,617 injured patients, we extracted 891 patients who were injured in kids cafés. Of these, 46 (5.2%) were admitted, and 39 (4.4%) underwent surgery. The most common injured anatomical site, injury type, and mechanism were lower extremity (28.2%), superficial injury (27.2%), and slip (27.1%), respectively. Among injury-inducing factors, significant injuries were most commonly caused by a trampoline (28.1%), and rock climbing equipment was the only risk factor in a kids café that led to significant injury after adjusting for age, sex, injury mechanism, and injured anatomical sites (aOR, 14.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.51–147.72).CONCLUSION: The rock climbing equipment in a kids café can cause serious injury to children. Establishing safety regulations for rock climbing equipment in kids cafés may have the greatest impact in reducing significant injuries requiring hospitalization or surgery.
Caregivers ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergencies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Lower Extremity ; Odds Ratio ; Play and Playthings ; Risk Factors ; Social Control, Formal ; Wounds and Injuries

To report on an epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris that was successfully treated with needle aspiration and Ab externo laser photocoagulation. A 6-year-old boy was treated for a 6.0 mm fluid-filled cyst in the anterior chamber of the right eye. Thirteen months previously, he had undergone primary closure of a 6 mm full-thickness corneal laceration. The subsequent cyst was diagnosed as an epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris. His vision decreased to finger-count at 30 cm as the cyst grew over the pupil. We performed needle aspiration of the cyst and Ab externo laser photocoagulation of the cyst wall. The treated lesion was completely removed. The patient's visual acuity recovered to 20/40 without complications. There was no recurrence as determined by slit lamp examination up to 6 months after treatment. Needle aspiration and Ab externo laser photocoagulation can be used to effectively treat epithelial inclusion cysts of the iris.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child ; Cornea/injuries ; Cysts/etiology/*pathology/surgery ; Epithelial Cells/*pathology ; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/complications/surgery ; Humans ; Iris Diseases/etiology/*pathology/surgery ; Lacerations/complications/surgery ; Laser Coagulation ; Male ; Play and Playthings/injuries

INTRODUCTIONToy-related injuries, a common reason for emergency department visits in the paediatric population, constitute a significant health burden in Singapore. Although government regulations imposed on toys and childcare-related items are in place, parents and caregivers still play a pivotal role in ensuring toy safety in children. We hypothesised that deficiencies in knowledge surrounding toy safety issues exist in our adult population.

METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, to examine the current attitudes, knowledge and practices of the local population regarding toy safety. Hypothetical questions on toy selection were included in the questionnaire to assess respondents' ability to identify appropriate toys and discern potentially dangerous toys for a specified age group.

RESULTSThe scores of the 93 respondents showed that they were less able to identify appropriate toys for children in the 1-2 years (66.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 61.4%-72.0%) and 2-3 years age groups (69.9%; 95% CI 65.5%-74.3%) than for children in the 0-1 year (82.8%; 95% CI 79.9%-85.7%) and 3-5 years age groups (85.2%; 95% CI 81.2%-89.2%). Our survey also identified key areas for improvement (e.g. educational efforts and government regulation) in current practices in order to attain a higher level of toy safety.

CONCLUSIONOur study highlights the current knowledge deficit in toy safety issues and the need for improvements in regulation, education and surveillance in order to minimise the risk of toy-related injuries in children.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child Welfare ; Child, Preschool ; Confidence Intervals ; Consumer Product Safety ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Needs Assessment ; Play and Playthings ; injuries ; Singapore ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wounds and Injuries ; etiology ; physiopathology