OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) before and after apheresis platelet transfusion, the correlation between the parameters and their clinical significance. METHODS: A total of 38 patients who received apheresis platelet transfusion were selected, their results of blood routine test closest to the time point of apheresis platelet transfusion were consulted from hospital information system and the changes of PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW were compared before and after transfusion. The correlation between above parameters was analyzed. The correlation of body mass index (BMI) with the increased multiple and increased value after platelet infusion was also analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with pre-infusion, PLT and PCT significantly increased (both P <0.001) while MPV and PDW showed no significant difference after apheresis platelet transfusion (P >0.05). The difference of PLT and PCT before and after apheresis platelet transfusion had no correlation with PLT and PCT before transfusion (r =0.002, r =0.001), while the difference of MPV and PDW was negatively correlated with MPV and PDW before transfusion (r =-0.462, r =-0.610). The PLT growth rate was positively correlated with PCT growth rate before and after apheresis platelet transfusion (r =0.819). BMI was positively correlated with the increased multiple of PLT after infusion (r =0.721), but not with the increased value of PLT after infusion (r =0.374). CONCLUSION Apheresis platelet transfusion can cause platelet parameters change and shows different characteristics. Characteristic changes of platelet parameters and their correlation can be used as reference indices to evaluate the efficacy of apheresis platelet transfusion.
Humans ; Mean Platelet Volume ; Platelet Transfusion ; Blood Platelets ; Platelet Count/methods* ; Blood Component Removal

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of prefreezing parameters such as freezing rate, annealing, rate, annealing temperature, holding time in annealing before lyophilization on lyophilized platelets by orthogonal tests. The recovery rate, the morphological and ultrastructural changes, the activation and aggregation of lyophilized platelet after rehydratation were detected by cytometer, scan electron microscopy, flow cytometry and aggregation reaction on thrombin, respectively, and complex evaluation was carried out. The results showed that the recovery rate of lyophilized platelets was 91% - 53.5% at different conditions of lyophilization, the size and shape of ice crystals in lyophilized platelets of different test groups were not similar, the expression and distribution of platelet activation markers (PAC-1 and CD62p) after rehydration were relatively similar to fresh platelets, expression rate of PAC-1 was lower (0.03% - 0.22%), meanwhile there were differences of CD62p expression levels between different groups. The optimal theoretic composition of prefreezing conditions obtained on basis of platelet recovery rate was A(2)B(1)C(1)D(3), i.e, first, suspensions of platelets on the program control cooling apparatus were lyophilized with a rate of 20 degrees C/min and maintained at -40 degrees C for 2 hours, then the annealing was conducted at -30 degrees C for 0.5 hours with a heating rate of 1.5 degrees C/min; finally, the freeze-drying program was carried out to the end. It is concluded that the freezing rate, annealing rate, annealing temperature and holding time of annealing all impact on the recovery of lyophilized platelets. The preservation qualities of lyophilized platelets were affected by the various combinations of prefreezing parameters.
Blood Platelets ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Freeze Drying ; methods ; Humans ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Count

This study was purposed to investigate the feasibility of cryopreservation platelets under -80 degrees C after stored for 3 days at normal temperature and its clinical use. The platelet count, aggregation functions, adhesive ability, hypotonic shock reaction and CD62p expression of platelets preserved at normal temperature, cryopreserved on same day of collection and after storage for 3 days were detected, and possibility of using platelets cryopreserved after storage for 3 days in clinic was evaluated by comparison of contactable clinical cases. The results indicated that no significant differences in platelet count, hypotonic shock reaction and adhesive ability were found within 3 days of storage (p > 0.05); but differences in aggregation function and CD62p expression were significant (p < 0.05). As compared with platelets cryopreserved on same day of collection, the detected parameters such as platelet count, aggregation function, adhesive ability, hypotonic shock reaction, expression at storage for 3 days did not show significant differences (p > 0.015; CCI value in clinically use of them also did not show significant difference too (p > 0.05). It is concluded that the platelets after storage for 3 days can be cryopreserved, the efficiency of them in clinical use is not significant difference from platelets cryopreserved on same day of collection.
Adult ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Count ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of leukocyte depletion by filtration on the quality of apheresis platelets. 20 units of donor apheresis platelets were randomly selected and were preserved with agitation at 20 - 24 degrees C for 24 - 96 hours, then were filtered on polyester flatbed filters. The platelet concentration, mean platelet volume (MPV), volume of apheresis platelets, leukocyte count, pH value, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration, K(+) concentration and CD62p expression level on surface of platelet membrane, were detected before and after filtration, as well as the rate of leukocyte depletion and platelet loss were calculated. The results showed that the leukocyte count after filtration was remarkably lower than that before filtration (p < 0.001), and the rate of leukocyte depletion was 99.97%. Platelet loss was approximately 8%, and obviously lower than that of the national standard (p < 0.001). MPV, pH value, K(+) and LDH concentration were not significantly different before and after filtration. Compared with platelets before filtration, CD62p expression level after filtration slightly decreased (p > 0.05). CD62p expression on surface of platelet membrane in perfusion fluid obtained from filter plate was obviously higher than that before filtration (p < 0.05). MA of platelet after filtration slightly decreased (p > 0.05). It is concluded that leukocyte and partial activated platelets can be removed efficiently by using polyester flatbed filters, and platelet loss is very low. Filtration does not adversely affect coagulation activity of the platelets in vitro. Apheresis platelets after filtration can fulfil quality requirements to prevent infection of cytomegalovirus and HLA alloimmunization.
Filtration ; Humans ; Leukapheresis ; instrumentation ; Platelet Count ; Plateletpheresis ; instrumentation ; methods

In the present study, the performance of a new blood cell separator (COBE Spectra LRS Turbo Version 7.0) and that of the previous version LRS version 5.1 in the collection efficiency (CE), collection rate and residual white blood cells during platelet collection from donors were compared. 232 units of platelet concentrates (n = 232) were evaluated and 163 units were collected with the Spectra LRS version 5.1 (Group A) and 69 units with the LRS turbo version 7.0 (Group B). Donor's blood cell counts and parameters, platelet yield, collection efficiency and residual leukocytes in platelet concentrates were analysed. Results showed that the platelet yield was higher in group B than that in group A: (2.90 +/- 1.1) x 10(11) versus (2.58 +/- 1.2) x 10(11), P < 0.001; residual WBCs were less than 5 x 10(6) in 99.4% of group A platelet concentrates and in 97.1% of group B platelet concentrates. Collection efficiency was higher in group B than in group A: 51.4 +/- 8.7 versus 43.6 +/- 6.3. A correlation between platelet count before collecting blood and platelet yield was observed in both groups. In conclusion, the Spectra LRS Turbo version 7.0 showed a higher platelet yield than that with LRS version 5.1. Higher platelet counts before collection allow a higher platelet yield.
Blood Platelets ; cytology ; Cell Separation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; cytology ; Platelet Count

The aim of study was to evaluate the function of modified platelet additive solution (PAS-IIIM) with trehalose as a substitute of plasma for the storage of platelet concentrates at low temperature (10 degrees C). Apheresis platelets from 6 donors were divided and added with different media (group A: 100% plasma; group B: 70% PAS-IIIM/30% plasma; group C: 100% plasma/trehalose). Groups A, B, C were stored at 10 degrees C, 22 degrees C and -85 degrees C separately. In addition, group D (platelet concentrates stored with 100% plasma at 4 degrees C) was set up as control group for scan electronmicroscopy. The samples of each platelets were collected on day 0, 1, 5, 7 and 9 after storage respectively, while samples of platelets stored at -85 degrees C (group C) were collected on day 20 after storage. CD62p, hypotonic shock response (HSR), platelet aggregation, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and morphology of platelets were evaluated. The results showed that the expressions of CD62p in groups A and B increased in a time-dependent manner, but HSR and platelet aggregations decreased. The expression of CD62p, LDH release, and platelet aggregation in group A were significant higher than that in group B (p < 0.05). HSR in group A was significant lower than that in group B (p < 0.05). LDH release was significant high in samples of group C and the expression of CD62p was lower than that in other two groups (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the protective effects of 70% PAS-IIIM/30% plasma (10 degrees C) and plasma platelets (22 degrees C) on morphology of platelets are similar, but better than those of plasma platelets (4 degrees C) and plasma/trehalose (-85 degrees C). In short, PAS-IIIM serves as a good substitute of plasma for platelet storage, and protects the chilled platelets.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cold Temperature ; Humans ; Pharmaceutical Solutions ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Transfusion

The objective of this study was to explore the changes of aggregation function of apheresis platelets and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) during storage. 20 samples of apheresis platelets were collected, and the aggregation function were examined by function test and the level of sP-selectin every day in storage of 5 days. The results showed that the aggregation function of platelets declined obviously during storage, there were significant differences between the first-day group and any of the other groups (p < 0.01). The max platelet aggregation rate was < or = 3% in the fourth-day group; sP-selectin level in plasma increased with prolong of storage time; there were significant differences between the first-day group and any of the other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, platelets were activated continuously during storage, while its aggregation function declines significantly. The ability of platelet aggregation to response to ADP loses almost completely since the fourth day during platelet storage. It should be paid more attention to the damage of apheresis collected platelets during storage.
Adult ; Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Count ; Plateletpheresis ; methods ; Specimen Handling

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo viability of human platelets cryopreserved at -80 degrees C by using SCID mouse model and flow cytometry. The fresh human platelets were frozen with 5% DMSO at -80 degrees C for 10 days, thawed, and centrifuged for concentration. A 100 ml aliquot of concentrated platelets was injected into the SCID mouse tail vein by using a 1 ml insulin-syringe fitted with a 29-gauge ultra-fine needle. The whole blood was collected into heparinized capillary tube at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours after infusion via a tail vein and was labelled with CD61-PE. Then the human platelets in mouse whole blood were detected by flow cytometry. The 30 minute time point was used as 100% to calculate the survival time of human platelets. The results showed that the survival time of cryopreserved human platelets were more significantly decreased than that of fresh platelets in SCID mice. Survival rates at 4 hours after transfusion of fresh platelets and cryopreserved platelets in SCID mice were 79.5% +/- 9.1% (n = 8) and 40.6% +/- 6.6% (n = 8) respectively, and a T(1/2) estimated were 7 hours for fresh platelets, but 2.5 hours for the cryopreserved. In conclusion, platelets survival time in SCID mice was shortened after frozen with DMSO at -80 degrees C.
Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Models, Biological ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Transfusion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the comparison method on internal control of hematology analyzer by using fresh blood.

METHODSThe hematology analyzer with well function was selected as the reference analyzer, fresh blood samples from healthy subjects were measured by reference analyzer and the values were used to calibrate compared hematology analyzers. The acceptable limits of relative deviation of WBC,RBC, HGB,HCT, PLT were established by comparative experiments during three months. The results of fresh blood samples from patients with low/medium/high levels measured by compared analyzer were compared with those from reference analyzer, the relative deviation of WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT was calculated respectively. The internal quality control charts in laboratory information system were established, with date as x-axis, relative deviation as y-axis. The acceptable relative deviation limits were set to be +/-2 s, and to be used for laboratory quality control.

RESULTThe relative deviation of WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT with high, medium, low levels were(0.75+/-2.964)%, (1.19+/-2.488)%,(1.43+/-2.439)%; (-0.39+/-1.327)%, (-0.26+/-1.297)%, (-0.35+/-1.095)%û(-0.43+/-1.393)%, (-0.17+/-1.139)%, (0.24+/-1.166)%û(-.43+/-1.362)%, (-0.36+/-1.381)%, (-0.57+/-1.299)%û(-0.93+/-4.330)%,(0.04+/-4.118)%, (-0.41+/-4.149)%, respectively in 2006. As the second instrument, the compared analyzer was involved in College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing with satisfactory results, the bias of WBC,RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT were within (-0.5 approximately 5.1)%, (-1.0 approximately 1.6)%, (-1.7 approximately 1.4)%, (-1.5 approximately 1.3)%, (-4.5 approximately 7.4)%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe quality control on compared hematology analyzer can be effectively, conveniently and economically performed using this method.

Autoanalysis ; methods ; Blood ; Erythrocyte Count ; instrumentation ; Hematology ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; instrumentation ; Platelet Count ; instrumentation ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards ; Weights and Measures

To explore the influence of raising oxygen (dissolved oxygen) content on function of platelet concentrate, the platelet concentrate was prepared by a CS-3000 plus blood cell separator. Experiments were divided into 2 groups: test group and control group. After raising oxygen content in platelet plasma under sterile operation, the platelet samples of two groups were preserved in oscillator with horizontal oscillation at 22 +/- 2 degrees C. The platelet count, platelet aggregation rate, lactic acid content and CD62p expression level of platelet were detected on 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days of platelet preservation. The results showed that the platelet count and platelet aggregation rate decreased with prolongation of preserved time, while the lactic acid content and CD62p expression level of platelet increased gradually. Compared with control group, there were significant differences in aggregation rate of platelet preserved for 2-3 days, and in CD62p expression level of platelet preserved for 1-3 days, while significant difference was found in lactic acid content of platelet preserved for 1-3 days. It is concluded that raising content of oxygen in platelet plasma can provide more oxygen to compensate oxygen supply deficiency for platelet metabolism and improve the efficiency of platelet oxygenic metabolism and the quality of platelet during preservation.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; physiology ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Function Tests