Objective To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of patients with acute epidural hematoma in the whirlpool sign.Methods 36 cases of CT scan showed a whirlpool sign of acute subdural hematoma patients were selected as the observation group.During the same time period,50 acute epidural hematoma patients without the whirlpool sign were selected as the control group.All patients received operation treatment.The Glasgow coma score (GCS),amount of hemorrhage and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results The preoperative GCS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).In the operation,the blood loss of the observation group was significantly increased compared with the control group (t =3.232,3.164,P ＜ 0.05).Control group CT evaluation of preoperative and intraoperative measurement had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).In the observation group,11 patients died,the mortality rate was 30.5％ (11/36).In the control group,6 patients died,the mortality rate was 12.0％ (6/50),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =4.134,P ＜ 0.05).The patients were followed up for 6 months,the excellent and good rate of ADL score in observation group was 64.0％,which was significantly lower than 84.1％ in the control group (x2 =3.989,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Acute epidural hematoma patients with thewhirlpool signshowed progressive disease,high mortality,poor prognosis,and active countermeasures should be taken.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of carvacrol pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms.

METHODSWild-type male C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups (n=13), namely the sham-operated group, vehicle (DMSO in saline)+ I/R group, carvacrol (20 mg/kg) + I/R group, carvacrol (40 mg/kg) + I/R group, and carvacrol (60 mg/kg) + I/R group. The mouse models of myocardial I/R injury were established by a 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Carvacrol or vehicle was administered intravenously 15 min before LAD occlusion. After reperfusion, the mice were examined for myocardial oxidative stress level and apoptosis rate.

RESULTSCompared with the vehicle group, the 3 carvacrol-pretreated groups showed significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, oxidative stress level and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCarvacrol can protect against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Random Allocation

Objective To investigate the serum level of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) and explore its correlation with MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with coronary artery disease (CHD). Methods A total of 103 CHD patients treated in our hospital between October, 2013 and May, 2014 were enrolled, including 39 with stable angina pectoris (SAP), 39 with unstable angina (UA), and 25 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with 38 non-CHD volunteers as the control group. The serum levels of ICTP, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were detected in all the subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results No significant difference in serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, or ICTP was found between the control and SAP groups or between UA and AMI groups (P>0.05), but the latter two groups had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and ICTP than the former two groups (P<0.05). Serum ICTP level was found to negatively correlated with the fibrotic area and positively with the lipid component in the plaques (P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed significant positive correlations of serum ICTP with MMP-2 and MMP-9 (P<0.05). Conclusions An elevated serum ICTP level is indicative of the presence of unstable plaques in CHD patients. Serum ICTP is more strongly correlated with MMP-2 than with MMP-9, and can be used as a non-invasive marker for assessing vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Objective To investigate the serum level of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) and explore its correlation with MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with coronary artery disease (CHD). Methods A total of 103 CHD patients treated in our hospital between October, 2013 and May, 2014 were enrolled, including 39 with stable angina pectoris (SAP), 39 with unstable angina (UA), and 25 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with 38 non-CHD volunteers as the control group. The serum levels of ICTP, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were detected in all the subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results No significant difference in serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, or ICTP was found between the control and SAP groups or between UA and AMI groups (P>0.05), but the latter two groups had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and ICTP than the former two groups (P<0.05). Serum ICTP level was found to negatively correlated with the fibrotic area and positively with the lipid component in the plaques (P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed significant positive correlations of serum ICTP with MMP-2 and MMP-9 (P<0.05). Conclusions An elevated serum ICTP level is indicative of the presence of unstable plaques in CHD patients. Serum ICTP is more strongly correlated with MMP-2 than with MMP-9, and can be used as a non-invasive marker for assessing vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Objective To investigate the effect of carvacrol pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms. Methods Wild-type male C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups (n=13), namely the sham-operated group, vehicle (DMSO in saline)+I/R group, carvacrol (20 mg/kg)+I/R group, carvacrol (40 mg/kg)+I/R group, and carvacrol (60 mg/kg)+I/R group. The mouse models of myocardial I/R injury were established by a 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Carvacrol or vehicle was administered intravenously 15 min before LAD occlusion. After reperfusion, the mice were examined for myocardial oxidative stress level and apoptosis rate. Results Compared with the vehicle group, the 3 carvacrol-pretreated groups showed significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, oxidative stress level and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate (P<0.01). Conclusion Carvacrol can protect against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice.

Objective To investigate the effect of carvacrol pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms. Methods Wild-type male C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups (n=13), namely the sham-operated group, vehicle (DMSO in saline)+I/R group, carvacrol (20 mg/kg)+I/R group, carvacrol (40 mg/kg)+I/R group, and carvacrol (60 mg/kg)+I/R group. The mouse models of myocardial I/R injury were established by a 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Carvacrol or vehicle was administered intravenously 15 min before LAD occlusion. After reperfusion, the mice were examined for myocardial oxidative stress level and apoptosis rate. Results Compared with the vehicle group, the 3 carvacrol-pretreated groups showed significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, oxidative stress level and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate (P<0.01). Conclusion Carvacrol can protect against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Weiwei Tongtiao decoction （WTD） on chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） rats and the underlying mechanism. MethodA total of 90 SD rats were randomized into normal control group， model group， high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose WTD groups （18， 9， 4.5 g·kg^-1·d^-1 WTD， respectively， ig）， and weifuchun control group （0.45 g·kg^-1·d^-1 weifuchun aqueous solution， ig）， with 15 rats in each group. The N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG） was employed to induced CAG in rats. After the modeling （identified by histopathological examination）， the administration began and lasted 12 weeks. Then， gastric mucosa tissues of the rats were collected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin （HE）， and the pathological changes of gastric mucosa were observed under the optical microscope. Real-time PCR， immunohistochemistry （IHC）， and Western blotting were applied to examine the mRNA and protein expression of indexes in nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） signaling pathway in the gastric mucosa of rats. ResultCAG rats showed irregular arrangement and morphology of the inherent glands in gastric mucosa and the glands decreased or disappeared. In addition， inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the lamina propria of CAG rats， and about 48.4% presented intestinal metaplasia. WTD significantly alleviated the reduction of the glands and intestinal metaplasia in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the normal control group， the model group demonstrated increase in the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）， NF-κB p65， interleukin （IL）-1α， IL-1β， IL-10， IL-8α， and IL-8β， and protein expression of COX-2， NF-κB p65， and IL-10 （P<0.01）. WTD and weifuchun lowered the mRNA expression of COX-2， NF-κB p65， IL-1α， IL-1β， IL-10， IL-8α， and IL-8β， and the protein expression of COX-2， NF-κB p65， and IL-10 in gastric mucosa of CAG rats （P<0.01）. The expression of the above indexes after the intervention with high-dose WTD was close to that of the normal control group. ConclusionWTD can improve or even reverse the diseased gastric mucosa of CAG rats， and the mechanism is the likelihood that WTD down-regulates the mRNA and protein expression of the indexes in NF-κB signaling pathway in gastric mucosa of CAG rats.