Objective Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was applied for the quantitative analysis of serum protein in psoriasis vulgaris patients with damp heat syndrome and healthy volunteers to explore the differentially expressed proteins, thus to reveal the nature of damp heat syndrome from the proteomics level.Methods The serum from 15 psoriasis vulgaris patients with damp heat syndrome and 10 healthy volunteers was purified and treated with removal of abundance. After separation with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE) and hydrolysis of peptide specific iTRAQ marker enzyme, the differentially expressed proteins of serum samples were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Results A total of 787 proteins were identified, and 718 proteins had the functional annotation showed by gene ontology ( GO) in psoriasis vulgaris pa tients with damp heat syndrome. A total of 651 differentially expressed proteins were identified by compared with healthy volunteers ( P<0.05) , and markedly significant difference was shown in 418 proteins ( P<0.01) . Conclusion Psoriasis vulgaris patients with damp heat syndrome have differentially expressed proteins which are different from those in the healthy volunteers, but which kind of protein being specific for damp-heat psoriasis vulgaris as well as the relation between the damp heat symptoms and proteins still need to be further studied.

Lipid droplets, which are conserved across almost all species, are cytoplasmic organelles used to store neutral lipids. Identification of lipid droplet regulators will be conducive to resolving obesity and other fat-associated diseases. In this paper, we selected 11 candidates that might be associated with lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using a BODIPY 493/503-based flow cytometry screen, 6 negative and 3 positive regulators of fat content were identified. We selected one negative regulator of lipid content, C13C4.5, for future study. C13C4.5 was mainly expressed in the worm intestine. We found that this gene was important for maintaining the metabolism of lipid droplets. Biochemical results revealed that 50% of triacylglycerol (TAG) was lost in C13C4.5 knockout worms. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) signals in C13C4.5 mutants showed only 49.6% of the fat content in the proximal intestinal region and 86.3% in the distal intestinal region compared with wild type animals. The mean values of lipid droplet size and intensity in C13C4.5 knockout animals were found to be significantly decreased compared with those in wild type worms. The LMP-1-labeled membrane structures in worm intestines were also enlarged in C13C4.5 mutant animals. Finally, fertility defects were found in C13C4.5(ok2087) mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that C13C4.5 may regulate the fertility of C. elegans by changing the size and fat content of lipid droplets by interfering with lysosomal morphology and function.
Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fertility ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; genetics ; Lysosomes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; genetics ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

AIM: To study the bioequivalence of two metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets in Chinese healthy subjects. METHODS: A randomized, open-label, two-period, crossover study design was adopted in the study. In fasting test 36 and in fed test 23 healthy subjects were given a single oral dose of metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablet (0.5 g). The concentration of metformin in plasma was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by WinNonlin 7.0 program, and statistical analysis were performed by using SAS9.4 statistics software. RESULTS: In the fasting test, the pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin of the test (T) and reference(R) preparation were as follow: C