Objective:To investigate the recent and permanent effects of pretreatment with midazolam on muscarinic receptor of brain in healthy and scopolamine-treated rats. Methods:(1) In recent effect group, thirty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (Con, n=9), midazolam group (Mid, n=9), scopolamine group (Sco, n=10), midazolam+scopolamine group (Mid+sco, n=10). On the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days, Mid group and Mid+sco groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg midazolam per day while Con group and Sco group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of the same voluminal physiological saline per day. On the 4th, 5th, and 6th days, Scopolamine 0.8 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection per day was administered in Sco group and Mid+sco group while same voluminal physiological saline was administered in Con group and Mid group. (2) In permanent effect group, thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (Con, n=9), midazolam group (Mid, n=9), scopolamine group (Sco, n=9), midazolam+scopolamine group (Mid+sco, n=9). On the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days, Mid group and Mid+sco group were △Corresponding author’s e-mail,xmwu2784@hotmail.com treated with intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg midazolam per day while Con group and Sco group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of the same voluminal physiological saline per day. On the 10th, 11th, and 12th days, Scopolamine 0.8 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection per day was administered in Sco group and Mid+sco group while the same voluminal physiological saline was administered in Con group and Mid group. (3)Then the rats was decapitated and the cerebra cortex and hippocampus were removed. The binding capacity of muscarinic receptor with [3H]QNB were determined. B_ max and K_d of muscarinic receptor in hippocampus were determined by Scatchard analysis in recent effect group. Results:(1) In recent effect group: the binding capacity of muscarinic receptor in hippocampus was significantly higher in Con group than in Mid group, Sco group and Mid+sco group(P

Heat shock protein 27 is one of the members of the small heat shock protein family.Its molecular chaperone function and the interaction with the cell death pathway mediate cell survival under the stress state.The expression of heat shock protein 27 in ischemic lesions and remote areas and its changes in phosphorylation levels during cerebral ischemia is associated with neuronal tolerance to ischemia.However,the neuroprotective mechanism of heat shock protein 27 in cerebral ischemic tolerance still remains unclear.This article reviews the roles of heat shock protein 27 in cerebral ischemic tolerance and its potential mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fire needle therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and provide reference for clinic and research. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of science, CNKI, VIP, CBM and WanFang Data to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on fire needle therapy treating KOA from inception to August 2013. Two reviewers independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2. Results A total of 8 RCTs involving 820 patients were included. According to the different measures of control groups, subgroup analyses was performed and meta-analysis results showed that compared with the routine acupuncture group, the fire needle therapy group in clinical cured rate [OR=2.12, 95% CI (1.48, 3.02), P=0.000 1] and markedly effective rate (OR=3.92, 95%CI (2.65, 5.81), P<0.000 01] aspects all have statistical difference. Compared with the warm acupuncture group, the fire needle therapy group in the markedly effective rate [OR=4.12, 95% CI (1.92, 8.87), P=0.000 3] is statistically significant, but there is no statistical difference between the two groups in clinical cured rate [OR=3.09, 95% CI (0.95, 10.05), P =0.06]. Compared with the acupuncture needle (routine acupuncture and warm acupuncture) group, the fire needle therapy group in the visual analogue scale of knee pain [OR=-0.54, 95%CI (-0.85, -0.24), Z=3.46, P=0.000 5] after treatment is statistically difference. The adverse reactions to fire needle treatment of KOA patients have not been reported. Conclusion Current clinical evidence indicates that fire needle therapy is efficient for relieving clinical symptoms of patients with KOA, and improving their quality of life. However, due to lack of enough high-quality studies, fire needle therapy has to be further studied by conducting more strictly-designed, multicenter and large-scale RCTs.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of human Stanniocalcin-1(hSTC-1) mRNA in the peripheral blood from patients with colorectal cancer and its malignant behavior. Methods RT-PCR was used to detect hSTC-1 mRNA in the peripheral blood from 57 patients with colorectal cancer. The peripheral blood from 14 patients with gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, 15 healthy volunteers and 5 pregnant women were served as controls. Results The positive rate of hSTC-1 mRNA in 57 patients with colorectal cancer was 49.12% (28/57), and the mRNA expression of hSTC-1 was significantly related with the clinical stage of colon cancer (P

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of the HC-900 fully automated urine dry chemistry analyzer and its matched test strip (HC-900 analysis system) for detecting urine microalbumin (U-mAlb) .Methods 660 urine samples were collected with the negative urine protein detected by the HC-900 analysis system as the standard ,among them ,159 samples with positive U-mAlb screened by the test strip and 106 samples with the partial negative were performed the quantitative analysis by the Immage 800 fully automatic specific protein analyzer for verifying the results screened by the HC-900 analysis system .The compari-son of the U-mAlb quantitative detection results between the screening positive group and the screening negative group adopted the two samples rank sum test .The comparison between the enumeration data was carried out by Kappa test for consistency .Results Among 660 samples ,159 samples with positive U-mAlb were quantitatively detected by the Immage 800 analyzer and 101 samples were confirmed positive U-mAlb with the real positive rate of 63 .5% .Among 106 samples of negative U-mAlb randomly extracted by the HC-900 analysis system ,9 samples were confirmed to be positive U-mAlb quantitatively detected by the Immage 800 analy-zer .By the consistency test ,the difference between the two methods had statistical significance (Kappa=0 .495 ,P<0 .01) .The U-mAlb level was 18 .02(8 .23-34 .89)mg/L in the screening positive group ,which was significantly higher than 4 .78(2 .51-8 .46) mg/L in the screening negative group ,the difference had statistical significance (Z= -8 .689 ,P<0 .01) .Relative to the detection by the Immage 800 quantitative analyzer ,the sensitivity and specificity of the U-mAlb for the rapid screening by the dry chemistry method was 91 .8% (101/110) and 62 .5% (97/155) respectively .Conclusion The HC-900 analysis system for screening U-mAlb has a certain clinical application value .

Objective To construct an eukaryotic expression vector carrying human glutathione-S-transferase(GST)A1gene and to provide study materials for toxicology and pharmacogenetic.Methods The GST A1cDNA was amplified and separated from human liver total RNAs by RT-PCR approach and recombined with eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.The recombined plasmid pcDNA3-hGSTA1was verified using PCR,restriction analysis and sequencing determination.Results Human GST A1gene was recombined correctly with pcDNA3,compared with Genbank,in code152T→C,amino acid Met→Thr.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-hGSTA1was constructed for research on toxicology and pharmacogenetics.

Objective To investigate the effects of isoflurane (Iso) on the water-maze performances in scopolamine (Sco) treated rats.Methods Fifty-five male SD rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into 8 groups :group I control (Con)/1 d ( n = 6); group II Iso/1 d ( n = 7);group III Sco/1 d ( n = 9);group IV Iso + Sco/1 d ( n = 9) ; group V Con/7 d ( n = 6); group VI Iso/7 d ( n = 6); group VII Sco/7 d ( n = 6) and group VIII Iso + Sco/7 d ( n = 6) . In Iso and Iso + Sco groups the animals inhaled 1.5% isoflurane 2 h per day for four consecutive days. The Morris water-maze (MWM) test was performed for 3 consecutive days starting from the first day (group I -IV ) or the 7th day (group V -VII) after the 4 day isoflurane inhalation. Scopolamine 0.8 mg.kg-1 was given ip 20 min before the beginning of the MWM test in Sco and Iso + Sco groups. Results In group I - IV , (1) the latency period and swimming distance were significantly longer in Sco and Iso + Sco group than those in Con and Iso group ( P

Objective: To establish an effective fingerprint analysis. Methods: Cluster analysis and mahalanobis distance analysis were adopted to analyze data of HPLC fingerprint of shenmai injection. Results: Precise classification of 18 samples was done by cluster analysis and mahalanobis distance analysis. Conclusion: Authors believe that multivariate statistics analysis applied to fingerprint can be recommanded in the quality control of shenmai injection.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of XGS Capsule on the femoral head necrosis in mouse and rat. MethodsThe animal model of femoral head necrosis was caused with tretinoin per os. The free locomotive activity, bone density and pathological changed were observed. ResultsIn the model mouse, the free locomotive activity decreased significantly(P<0.01). In the model rat, the density and weight of the bone also decreased(P<0.01). The defects of cartilage, disorders of ossification and dead bone were observed in the femoral head joint. After treatment with XGS Capsule for 5 weeks, these pathological changes significantly improved. Conclusions XGS Capsule was effective in treating the femoral head necrosis.

AIM: To investigate the effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( hUC-MSCs) on the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells ( Saos-2 ) and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS:hUC-MSCs were isolated and cultured by tissue explants adherent method.The cell surface markers on hUC-MSCs were identified by flow cytometry.The effects of conditioned medium ( CM) from hUC-MSCs ( hUC-MSCs-CM) , re-combinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) and IL-6 neutralizing antibody on the proliferation of Saos-2 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay and cell counting.IL-6 secretion of hUC-MSCs was assayed by ELISA.RT-PCR was used to assess the tran-scription level of proliferation-related genes proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA) , cyclin D1 and survivin.The migra-tion potential of hUC-MSCs and Saos-2 cells was measured by Transwell assay.RESULTS:hUC-MSCs migrated to Saos-2 cells.hUC-MSCs-CM contained a high concentration of IL-6, up to (1 835.5 ±134.1) ng/L.hUC-MSCs-CM and rhIL-6 promoted the proliferation and migration of Saos-2 cells.Addition of neutralizing antibody against IL-6 in the hUC-MSCs-CM impaired this proliferation and migration of Saos-2 cells.The mRNA expression of PCNA, cyclin D1 and survivin was up-regulated by hUC-MSCs-CM and rhIL-6, while this effect was dramatically attenuated by treatment with IL-6 neutralizing antibody.CONCLUSION:hUC-MSCs migrate to osteosarcoma cells and promote the proliferation and migration of osteo-sarcoma cells through secreting IL-6 in vitro.