The variety of primary or secondary pancreatic diseases or injuries in children can cause the changes of pancreatic endocrine function,leading to the structural damage of pancreatic endocrine cells and the dysfunction,which can worsen the disease progression and prognosis.The etiology of pancreatic damage is complex,little is known about the pathogenesis.But the change of pancreatic endocrine function caused by pancreatic damage has clinical significance.Based on current studies and animal experiments,this review covered the etiology and pathogenesis of pancreatic endocrine dysfunction in children with pancreatic damage,which would help promote the cognitive level and the research development in this new field and provide new ideas for the research of pancreatic damage.

BACKGROUND:In the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty is a common treatment, but there are some shortcomings in the traditional operation, which maylead to early failure of the prosthesis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the difference of computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach from the traditional total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:A total of 79 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (38 cases), which underwent conventional total knee arthroplasty and computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach. Surgical incision, operation time, total blood loss and drainage volume were recorded and compared in both groups. In 12 months of folow-up, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was evaluated, and the complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Operative incision was significantly less in the observation group than in the control group. Operation time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Total blood loss and drainage volume were significantly lessin the observation group than in the control group (alP< 0.05). (2) Patients in both groups were folowed up for 12 months. Index score and total score of knee function were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (al P< 0.05). (3) No adverse events such as infection, prosthesis loosening or fracture appeared in the observation group. In the control group, four cases affected prosthesis loosening. One case suffered from wound infection. Above events were improved obviously after active treatment. No serious complications occurred. The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05). (4) The results show that, compared with the traditional operation, the choice of the femoral medial approach and the use of computer aided design technology can simulate the knee replacement process, set the cutting position, improve the accuracy and success rate of surgery, have less trauma, and effectively improve knee function, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

0.05.GFA protein was also detected in skeletal muscle of neonatal and adult mouse by Western blot.The results indicate that the mucsle of adult mouse has the potential to differentiate into glial cells.

?receptors are particularly abundant in the CNS. ? receptors have been shown to exhibit such a wide variety of actions as modulating glutaminergic, dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission. They also play an important role in maintaining cell growth and proliferation, learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests the possible involvement of ? receptors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. More researches are expected to supply new targets for treatment and diagnosis.

AIM: To investigate the effects of ?-mercaptoethanol (?-ME) and all-trans rentinal acid (RA) on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in mesenchymal cells derived from mouse fetal liver in vitro. METHODS: Cells suspension from 14.5-days-old mouse fetal liver were cultured in DMEM/HEPES/F12 supplemented with 20% FCS and mesenchymal cells were acquired after discarding nonadherent cells. The 5th passage cells were induced by ?-ME and RA. The characteristics of treated cells were assayed by immunocytochemistry staining at 5 hours and 5 days after induction. ?-actin as an internal control, GFAP gene expression of mesenchyal cells was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: After being inducted by ?-ME and RA, 80% approximately of the cells exhibited typical neural morphology and about 85% expressed GFAP phenotype. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that mRNA expression of GFAP increased in treated cells versus untreated cells (P

Objective:To investigate potency of mouse fetal liver mesenchymal cells differentiating into neural cells in vitro .Methods: Sterile cells from 14.5 day old mouse fetal liver were cultured in DMEM/HEPES/F12 supplemented with 20%FCS and adherent cells were acquired after discarding nonadherent cells. The 5th passage cells were induced by ? mercaptoethanol (? ME) and all trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The characteristics of treated cells were assayed by immunocytochemistry staining and semi quantitative RT PCR method on 5 h and 5 d after induction. Results: After induction by ? ME and ATRA, approximately 80% of the cells exhibited typical neuronal morphology;most cells expressed neuronal phenotype such as neuron specific nuclear protein(NeuN), neuron specific tubulin Ⅲ(TuJ 1), neurofilament M(NF M),and neuron specific enolase(NSE).However, microtubule associated protein tau(Tau 1)and microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP 2) as indicators of mature neuronal phenotype were undetectable. Semi quantitative RT PCR showed increased mRNA expression of brain factor 1(BF 1), brain 3(Brn 3), and neurofilament L(NF L) in treated cells versus untreated cells ( P

Objective To compare effect of chemotherapy agent DDP to MACS in sorting cancer stemcells (CSC) of laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2. Methods CD133 magnetic beads were applied to sort Hep-2 cells. Different dosages of DDP were used to treat Hep-2 cells for 48 hours. Enrichment rate of CD133+ cells by MACS and after DDP treatment was detected by Flow Cytometer (FCM). Morphologic change was observed under inverse-phase microscope. Results FCM showed that the sorting rate of CD133+ cells through MACS was 64.33 %, while after DDP treatment for 48 hours, the rate of CD133+ cells was enriched significantly in each dosage of DDP, with the maximal rate was 50.7 %, in the dosage of 4 μg/ml. There was a significantly difference between MACS and each of DDP group (P <0.01). Cells treated with DDP were abnormal in morphology. Conclusion MACS and DDP sorting has respective advantages in enriching CSC in Hep-2 cell lines.

Objective:To study the effect of overdose fluoride on Smad3 expression during development course of Wistar rat's incisor,and then to explore pathogenesis of dental fluorosis.Methods:20 Wistar rats(10 male rats and 10 female rats)were randomly divided into two groups.Experiment group was feed with water contained 0.1 g/L fluorin and normal group with distilled water was served as control.After 8 weeks all rats were sacrificed.Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the effect of overdose fluorin on Smad3 expression in rat's ameloblast and odontoblast.Results:The immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that in experiment group,Smad3 expression in rat's ameloblast and odontoblast was lower than those in control group,and statistic analysis showed there were significant differences between the two groups(P

Objective To investigate the dose fraction of gamma knife treatment brain deep larger glioma clinical efficacy.Methods To adopt rotating gamma knife in dose fraction treatment of brain deep larger(d＞3 cm),64 cases of gliomas,were installed stereotactic head frame can repeat accessories,for a day,for two consecutive days to five,each around 5-10 Gy for each treatment,fixed the first-place after the removal,the next treatment repeat.ReslIlts After 6 to 24 months of follow-up was 57 patients,complete response(CR)in 8 cases,partial response(PR)in 29 cases,the total efficiency of 64.9%,no change(NC)in 14 cases,clinical benefit rate of 83.4%,progressive disease(PD)in 6 cases.Brain edema response after treatment was the major side effects.Conclusion For deep larger brain glioma,dose fraction of gamma knife treatment was clearly effective recently,it could ease symptoms and improve quality of life.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of mastoid bone is seldom, here one case was reported. The mastoid bone of the patient presented with a baloon-like swelling full of non-coagulated blood and serous-hemorrhagic fluid. CT scan demonstrated a large expansile destructive mass located in left mastoid bone region with the thin or absent cortical bone. The MRI demonstrated T2-weighted images and clear boudary from surrounding tissue. Pathologic reported that the mastoid bone was repalcement with lacunar divided by fibro-tissue, containing numerous hemosiderin, giant cells and inflammatory cells. A surgery was performed and the patient was cured.
Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastoid ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed