Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of Weimaining capsule and XELOX regimen (oxaliplatin plus capecitabine) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients.Methods A total of 62 patients with advanced gastric cancer who fulfilled all predetermined criteria were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The 31 patients in observation group received a combination of Weimaining capsule and XELOX regimen,the 31 patients in control group received only XELOX regimen at the same dose intensity.Each patient received at least two cycles (1 cycle =21 days) of treatment,the efficacy was assessed after two cycles.Results The median time-to-progression (TTP) of observation and control groups were 5.5 and 4.8 months,respectively.The difference had no statistical significance (P =0.238).The disease control rates (DCR) of observation group was significantly improved compared with control group [67.7 ％ (21/31) vs 41.9 ％ (13/21),P ＜ 0.05],the difference was statistically significant,while the objective response rate (ORR) of the 2 groups had no statistical difference [(32.3 ％ (10/31) vs 25.8 ％ (8/31),P ＞ 0.05].In drug safety aspects,there was no Ⅴ grade adverse reactions (deaths caused by drug) among all the patients.Rates of grades Ⅱ-Ⅳ neutrocytopenia and nausea,vomiting in observation group were obviously lower than control group [16.13 ％ (5/31) vs 38.71％ (12/31),P ＜ 0.05;12.90 ％ (4/31) vs 35.48 ％ (11/31),P ＜ 0.05],other adverse reactions between the 2 groups had no statistical difference.Conclusions A combination of Weimaining capsule and XELOX regimen in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients can improve DCR significantly and reduce part of adverse reaction induced by chemotherapy with satisfactory safety.This method is worthy of application widely.

Objective To explore the regularity of hematopoietic materials during the clonal evolution of aplastic anemia(AA), paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) , myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute leukemia(AL). Methods Patients diagnosed as AA, PNH, MDS and AL were recruited as cases and health volunteers were recruited as controls. Serum folic acid, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and competitive enzyme immunoassay,before and after-treatment. Results Before treatment,the level of serum folic acid in PNH group were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0. 05). Vitamin B12 and ferritin levels of MDS patients were higher than the control group (P < 0. 05); Serum Folic acid level in AL patients was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0. 05). In contrast, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were higher than the control group(P <0. 05). Compared to pre-treatments AA patients, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels of MDS patients were significantly higher(P <0. 01) ;Serum folic acid level in AL patients was significantly lower(P < 0.05). However,vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were higher. Compared to pre-treatments MDS patients, serum folic acid level in AL patients was significantly lower(P < 0. 05) , whereas vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were higher(P < 0. 05). The comparison of hematopoietic materials between pre-and post-treatments among the groups showed that there was no significant difference for AA patients between pre- and post-treatments in the levels of serum folic acid and vitamin Bl2 (P > 0. 05), whereas ferritin was significantly higher after treatment caused by transfusion in AA patients(P<0. 05) ;ln PNH patients,serum folic acid was significantly higher after treatment(P<0. 05) ,and there was no significant difference in the levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin between pre-and post-treatments (P >0. 05). In MDS patients, there was no significant difference in the level of ferum folic acid between pre-and post-treatments (P > 0. 05) , whereas vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were significantly lower after treatment (P < 0. 05); In AL patients,serum folic acid was significantly higher after treatment(P <0. 05) .whereas the levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin were significantly lower after treatment (P <0. 05). Conclusions There are significant difference in serum folic acid,vitamin B12 and ferritin among the patitents of AA,PNH,MDS and AL and would be helpful in discovering the interrelationship among the four diseases pertinent to the clonal evolution,prognosis,treatment and prognosis.

Objective To study the relationship between clinicopathological features and central lymph nodes metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC).Methods From Jan.2013 to Jun.2013,400 cases with PTMC in cN0 stage undergoing thyroidectomy and central neck dissection were collected.Results Univariate analysis showed that the rate of central lymph node metastasis in PTMC was 28.0％,nevertheless,the rate of central lymph node metastasis was 32.5％,42.6％,44.1％,33.3％,and 37.4％ respectively in patients aging below 45 years old,in male patients,in patients with extrathyroidal extension,in patients with tumor diameter larger than 5 mm and in patients with multifocality.Gender,age,extrathyroidal extension,tumor diameter,multifocality of patients had correlation with central lymph node metastasis.Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the rate of lymph node metastasis significantly increased in cases of male,ageing below 45 years old,with extrathyroidal extension and multifocality(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The treatment for central lymph node metastasis of PTMC should be different considering elements including gender,age,multifocality of the tumor,and extrathyroidal extension.Prophylactic central lymphadenectomy should be performed when the primary lesion was resected.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Erqi Decoction(EQD; mainly composed of Radix Aristolochiae Kaempferi, Radix Rhizoma Seu Flos Cypripedii, Cortex Fraxini, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) on the intestinal tract in rats with acute radiation intestinal injury and its mechanism. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, EQD group and Baitouweng Decoction group (BD group), 15 rats in each group. The acute radiation enteritis model was established by exposing the whole abdomen to a total dose of 10 Gy of 6 MV higher-energy X-rays. EQD group and BD group were given intragastrical administration with corresponding medicine of EQD at the dose of 8.85 g·kg-1·d-1, BD at the dose of 4.69 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively, and the normal group and the model group were given intragastrical administration with the same volume of normal saline. The treatment lasted for 7 continuous days. After modeling, the morphological change of the proximal ileum tissue was observed under light microscope. Villus height, crypt depth, and thickness of the ileal mucosa and entire wall were measured by image analysis system. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) content in ileum tissue was determined by spectrophotometer, and the expression levels of caspase -3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in ileum tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results EQD group and BD group had milder injuries of the ileal structure, and had higher villus height, crypt depth, and thickness of mucosa and entire wall than those in the model group (P <0.05), but there were no differences between the two medication groups(P > 0.05). MPO content in EQD group and BD group was decreased(P<0.05 compared with that in the model group), and MPO content in EQD group was lower than that in BD group. The expression levels of caspase-3 and PCNA were increased in EQD group and BD group(P < 0.05 compared with those in the model group), but there were no statistical differences between the two medication groups (P>0.05). Conclusion EQD has certain protective effects against radiation-induced intestinal damage, which mechanism is probably associated with relieving the local intestinal inflammatory reaction, accelerating intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, and inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis.

Purpose　To introduce a method to isolate cDNA clones using bacteriophage P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) or bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) as probe for hybridization and try to find some novel genes related to hepatocellular carcinoma.　Methods　PAC 579 (D17S926 locus) and BAC 1529 (D17S1529 locus) in the deletion region of chromosome 17p13.3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma were chosen to screening the human liver cDNA library as probe for hybridization. The isolated positive cDNA clones were partially sequenced, then analyzed by computer comparison and Southern blot.　Results　After three cycles of screening, 78 and 8 candidate positive cDNA clones were isolated using PAC 579 and BAC 1529 probes respectively. Further analysis indicated 18 cDNA clones isolated by PAC 579 probe and 5 cDNA isolated by BAC 1529 probe were potential novel genes related to hepatocellular carcinoma.　Conclusions　The isolation of cDNA clones using PAC and BAC probes is effective and practical.

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on the expressions of autophagy related protein Beclin-1 and apoptosis related protein p53 of hippocampus in rats;To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture on Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the sham-operation group, the model group, and the electroacupuncture treatment group. “Baihui” and “Yongquan” points were taken for electroacupuncture treatment and the treatment course was 7 days. The rats were treated once a day for 4 courses. Changes in morphology and number of Nissl positive cells were examined by Nissl staining in hippocampal CA1 regions. Expressions of Beclin-1 and p53 protein were determined by Western blot analysis.Results Number of Nissl positive cells in CA1 region of the model group was significantly less than that of normal group (P<0.01). After electroacupuncture treatment, number of pyramidal cells and expression of Nissl body significantly increased (P<0.05). Expression of Beclin-1 decreased, while expression of p53 increased in the hippocampus of the model group, compared with that in the normal group (P<0.05). However, electroacupuncture treatment could significantly upregulate the expression of Beclin-1 protein (P<0.01), but downregulate the level of p53 (P<0.05).Conclusion Electro-acupuncture treatment could fight against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis, and improve the morphological changes of AD’s hippocampus.

Objective To evaluate characteristics of CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH).Methods A retrospective study involving 12 patients (2 males,10 females;24-80 years old) confirmed as PSH by pathology from May 2012 to July 2014 was investigated.All patients underwent chest CT scan,including enhanced CT;and 5 cases underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT.All imaging data were collected and analyzed to find out a more effective diagnostic method.Results In 12 PSH patients,9 had single lesion,of which 4 involved left lung and 5 right lung.The rest 3 patients including 1 with two nodules located in the right lower lobe,and 2 with multiple nodules scattered in several lobes.Plain CT showed all lesions had uniformly isodensity,4 with calcification,3 with air meniscus sign.Contrast-enhanced CT examinations showed that the majority lesions were prominent enhancement and few moderate enhancement,all lesions showed vessel marginating sign and 6 with cystic and necrosis area.18F-FDG PET/CT examinations showed that the lesions displayed patchy pattern of mild to moderate uptake with SUVmax 2.2--4.0.Conclusions The characteristic CT features of PSH,especially the contrast-enhanced CT imaging,are important for diagnosis.18F-FDG PET/CT findings are extremely helpful in differentiating PSH from malignant lesions.

Objective To investigate the effect and its mechanism of diazoxide on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,I/R group,and diazoxide pretreatment groups of low,middle,large dose (5,10,20 mg/kg).The I/R models of rats were performed to undergo middle cerebral artery embolism by thread.BBB permeability was estimated by Evans blue (EB) dyeing,transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the modification of interendothelial tight junction (TJ) of capillaries.The expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in every rat brain tissues was detected by immunity histochemistry technique.Results (1) Compared to sham operation group,the permeability extent of EB were significantly increased by I/R,which was distinctly attenuated in middle and large dose of diazoxide pretreatment rats,while no obvious changes were found between I/R and low dose groups.(2) TEM showed that TJ of the brain tissue opened after I/R injury and no significant opening of TJ was observed in middle and large dose of diazoxide preconditioning groups.(3) Compared to sham operation group,the expression of AQP4 in the brain tissue of the I/R group was apparently increased (P ＜0.01).Compared to I/R group,the expression of AQP4 was apparently increased in middle and large dose pretreatment groups (P ＜ 0.01),and there were no obvious difference between low dose group and the I/R group.Conclusions Preconditioning of ischemia/reperfusion injury with diazoxide protects the blood-brain barrier,which may due to keep the TJ closed and decrease expression of AQP4 protein.

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of rats with sciatic nerve injury (SNI); To discuss its biological mechanism for treatment of SNI. Methods Fifty adult male Wistar rats were chosen, and the sciatic nerves of rats were cut off and pulled on both sides of the cut ends into nerve regeneration chamber. The rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham-operation group, model group, and electroacupuncture group. In the electroacupuncture group, the rats were treated by electroacupuncture for 28 days. After the treatment, the nerve regeneration was observed through HE staining. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the expression changes of BDNF in the nerve tissue and spinal cord. ELISA was used to observe the changes of expression of serum BDNF. Results The amount of axon regeneration in the electroacupuncture group was obviously more than that in the model group, and the outline of the tissue more clear. Electroacupuncture could promote the expression of BDNF in the nerve, spinal cord and serum of SNI of rats compared with model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can promote the repairment and regeneration of SNI in rats by upregulating the expression of BDNF.

OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of Xiaoaiping injection(Xap)combined with gefitinib(Gef)in nude mice bearing resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells H460 or H975. METHODS BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human NSLCL cells H460 or H1975 and the drug treatment did not start until the tumor volume reached 50-100 mm3. The tumor bearing mice were divided into four groups:control group,Xap group(5 g · kg-1,ip),Gef group (50 mg · kg-1,ig),and Xap plus Gef group. All the administration lasted for 21 d continuous. Tumor volumes were measured two or three times per week,and the body weight of animals was re-corded. At the end of the test,tumors were weighed after the sacrifice of mice. Tumor inhibition rate and relative tumor proliferation rate were calculated based on tumor weight and tumor volume. The related biomarkers and proteins in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the control group,no significant effect was observed on the growth of H460 and H1975 xenografts in groups of Xap or Gef alone in nude mice. However,the two-drug combination significantly suppressed tumor volume,with (1103 ± 340) versus (3020 ± 450) mm3 for H460 and(487 ± 153)versus(1269 ± 161)mm3 for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The combined Xap and Gef application also significantly reduced the tumor weight,with(1.20±0.52)versus(2.78± 0.93)g for H460 and(0.52 ± 0.32)versus(0.92 ± 0.42)g for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The relative tumor proliferation rate and inhibition rate in the combination group was 42.1%and 43.5%for H460(P<0.01),43.0%and 52.5% for H1975(P<0.01). Compared with Xap and Gef drug alone,their combination showed significant difference in reducing tumor weight,suppressing tumor proliferation rate and increasing tumor inhibition rate(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that each drug alone had no effect on tumor angiogenesis markers of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and CD105 expression,or on drug resistance related proteins of p-ERK,p-Akt and p-mTOR,whereas the combination of Xap and Gef obviously reduced the expression of these biomarkers in H460 and H1975 tumor tissues. The decreased drug resistance related proteins of p-PI3K and its downstream molecules p-Akt,p-ERK and p-mTOR by the two-drug combination were also confirmed by Western blot results(P<0.01,compared with control), and showed significant difference compared with each single treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The addition of Xap significantly improves the antitumor activity of Gef in H460 and H1975 xenografts,and this synergistic effect may be ascribed to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis,the down-regulation of PI3K and its downstream signaling molecules which are associated with drug resistance.