Objective To explore the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) on hyolaryngeal structural movement in post-stroke dysphagia.Methods Thirty patients with post-stroke dysphagia were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10) namely group A,group B and group C.On the basis of routine swallowing training,medication and rehabiliation given to group C,group A was provided with VitalStim therapy on both suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles,while group B was only on suprahyoid muscles lasting 2 weeks.Before and after treatment,the Video Fluoroscopy Swallowing Study (VFSS) was carried out and the upward and forward displacement distances of the hyoid and thyroid cartilage when swallowing pap were measured.Moreover,water swallow test,dysphagia severity scale and DOSS scores were used to assess the swallowing function.Results After 2 weeks' treatment,the water drinking test score,dysphagia severity scale and DOSS scores increased significantly in all groups than before treatment.The water drinking test score of group A (2.40 ± 1.26) and group B (2.10 ± 0.99),dysphagia severity scale of group A (5.30 ± 1.89) and group B(5.20 ± 1.69),as well as the DOSS level of group A (5.20 ± 1.40) and group B (5.10 ± 1.45) were significantly better than the control group.However,no significant difference was observed in all measurements between group A and group B.The group B revealed a significantly increase in anterior hyoid excursion distance of (12.15 ± 7.59) mm,much bigger than that before treatment and that of group A and B after treatment.Conclusion NMES on the basis of traditional swallowing training can improve the swallowing function of post-stroke dysphagia patients,and NMES on suprahyoid muscles can further induce an increase in anterior hyoid excursion.

Objective To investigate the ratios and the distribution of subjects with indeterminate results of HIV antibody in different populations who were positive for HIV screening test in Fujian and to ana-lyze the features of Western blot bands for further understanding the relationships between the Western blot band patterns and HIV infection. Methods The subjects who were diagnosed with indeterminate results of HIV antibody at the first examination were re-tested with Western blot assay every month until the results turned into HIV antibody-positive or HIV antibody-negative. Results The detection rate of indeterminate results of HIV antibody was 3. 69% in Fujian in 2015. Higher rates were detected in blood donors, pregnant woman and other clinical patients. The most common band patterns of HIV antibody-indeterminate samples were p24, gp160+p24 and gp160. Results of the follow-up confirmatory tests showed that 76% of the sam-ples of p24 band pattern were HIV antibody-negative and 76. 47% of the samples of gp160+p24 band pattern were HIV antibody-positive. The nucleic acid test showed that positive results were detected in 29 samples whose band patterns were gp160+gp120+p24,gp160+gp120+p66andgp160+gp120+p31. Conclusion The detection rates of indeterminate results of HIV antibody varied in different populations. The most com-mon band patterns of HIV antibody-indeterminate samples were p24, gp160+p24 and gp160. The more bands the samples presented themselves in Western blot assay, the more likely they would be HIV antibody-positive. Follow-up should be strengthened to prevent the spread of HIV infection. Samples with the band pattern of gp160+gp120+p24 showed a low probability of false positive and they were more likely to be end-stage AIDS with immunosuppression.

Objective To detect the dynamic changes of antibody and cytokines in the serum induced by single vaccine delivery system (SVDS) of biodegradable microspheres of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase from Schistosoma japonicum (rSjGST) in mice. Methods By using the constructed expression plasmid pET28a(+)-SjGST, rSjGST was expressed by E.coli BL21. After purified through the column of resin,the biodegradable microspheres of rSjGST were prepared with PLGA (Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid, PLGA 75/25).Six-week BALB/c female mice were immunized subcutaneously with a single vaccine, and the blood was collected from eyes on the 6th, 9th, 12th, 15 th, 18th, 21th week respectively. The dynamic levels of serum specific antibody IgG, IL-2 and IFN-? were detected. Results Compared with the control group, there was a significant difference of serum specific antibody IgG of every immune group (P

Purpose To prepare streptavidin-tagged mouse interleukin-4(mIL-4-SA)bifunctional fusion protein and to study on its bioactivity.Methods The mIL-4 gene was cloned by RT-PCR and cloned into pET21 vector to get mIL-4-SA-pET21 expression plasmid.The mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expressed in BL21 (DE3)host bacteria and purified through the Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and refolded by dilution and dialysis.The effect of mIL-4-SA fusion protein on mouse thymocytes proliferation was evaluated by MTY.Flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect the mIL-4-SA fusion protein on the biotinylated B16F10 tumor cells.Results The mIL-4-SA-pET21 vector was successful by constructed and the mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expressed in BL21(DE3)at about 35%of total bacterial proteins.The purity of mIL-4-SA Was about 95% through Ni-NTA.The mIL-4-SA fusion protein exhibited bifunctional activities,i.e.,stimulative effect for mouse thymocyte proliferation and SA-mediated high-affinity binding to biotinylated cell surfaces(anchoring modified rate Was about 96.69%).Conclusion The mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expected to be developed for the treatment of tumors.

Objective To investigate the relationships between serum concentration of RBP-4 and inflammatory factors,insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods20 patients newly diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT),27 patients newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and 50 subjects with normal glucose tolerance(NGT) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.Additionally,another subset analysis was performed,subjects were divided on the basis of BMI into normal weight (NW) and overweight or obesity (OW/OB).Serum RBP-4 was measured with ELISA;serum concentrations of hs-CRP,free fatty acids (FFA),triglyeride(TG),total cholesterol (TC) and insulin were measured in fasting status.Insulin resistance was assessed by HOMA-IR.ResultsLn(HOMA-IR) and the concentrations of FFA,ln(hs-CRP) in IGT or in GDM were significantly higher than that of NGT(P＜0.05).In the group of OW/OB,FFA[(0.90±0.31)mmol/L vs (0.71±0.28)mmol/L,t＝2.73,P＜0.05)],ln(hs-CRP)(0.62±1.00 vs -0.17±1.07,t＝2.90,P＜0.05),ln(HOMA-IR),lnRBP(0.56±0.27 vs 0.30±0.14,t＝2.86,P＜0.05)were significantly higher than that of NW.In the group of GDM,lnRBP-4 showed a positive relationship with FFA (r＝0.231,P＜0.05)and ln(hs-CRP) (r＝0.237,P＜0.05).There was a positive relationship between lnRBP-4 and FFA(r＝0.371,P＜0.05) or ln(hs-CRP)(r＝0.247,P＜0.05) in the group of OW/OB,but no association in the group of NGT,IGT or NW.There was no relationship between lnRBP-4 and ln(HOMA-IR) in IGT,GDM and NW,while in the group of NGT and OW/OB,lnRBP-4 showed a positive relationship with ln(HOMA-IR) (r＝0.276,0.290,P＜0.05).In a multiple linear regression analysis,ln(hs-CRP),FFA or ln(HOMA-IR) was not the independent factor of lnRBP-4 in any group.ConclusionsIn patients with gestational diabetes mellitus,lnRBP-4 may be a new marker of inflammation.

Objective To investigate the effect of Galangin of different purity on melanocyte proliferation and melanin synthesis of A375-HaCaT co-culture system. Methods The A375-HaCaT co-culture system was established with Transwell technology, and 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10 μg/mL Galangin of the purity of 70%and 90%was used to act on the co-culture system. Cell proliferation, melanin content and tyrosinase of A375 were measured by MTT assay, NaOH lysis assay and L-DOPA oxidation assay respectively. The cytokines such as ET-1 and SCF in HaCaT were detected by ELISA. Results A375 cells in co-culture system grew well, and 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10 μg/mL Galangin of the purity of 70% and 90% had up-regulation effect on cell proliferation, melanin content and tyrosinase of A375. Moreover, Galangin could increase the expression level of ET-1 and SCF of HaCaT at more than 0.5 μg/mL, and the effect of Galangin of 70% purity was better than 90% purity. Conclusion Galangin could promote the cell proliferation, melanin content and tyrosinase of A375, and mechanism of the pathways is probably related to the up-regulation on the expression of ET-1 and SCF of HaCaT.

Objective:To report the clinical features of KCNQ2-associated epilepsy and the novel mutations and unreported clinical phenotype of KCNQ2 gene, so as to provide help for treatment selection and prognosis evaluation.Methods:Among 979 patients with epilepsy and developmental delay who were admitted to the Department of Neurology,Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from July 2015 to October 2019, a total of 13 patients were selected from 12 families with KCNQ2 gene mutation by whole exome sequencing technology. Suspected mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing on the probands and their parents to identify the source. The clinical phenotype and genotype were analyzed according to these results.Results:Among the 13 patients with epilepsy, the onset age of four cases were older than six months [two cases in infancy (epilepsy encephalopathy), one case in early childhood (epilepsy encephalopathy) and one case in adolescence (benign epilepsy)]. Eight cases were treated with oxcarbazepine, of whom five cases were seizure free, and two cases showed partial response (>50%). Two cases treated with topiramate were seizure free. Five novel mutations were found in this research, including c.379T>G(p.Y127D), c.1A>C(initial codon mutation), c.708G>C(p.W236C), c.1027G>T(p.A343S) and c.1649T>G(p.V550G).Conclusions:Although it was rare in clinical work, the variation of KCNQ2 gene existed in patients with childhood-onset epilepsy and adolescent-onset epilepsy. Meanwhile, five novel mutations of KCNQ2 gene were reported, which further expanded its gene spectrum. This research supported that oxcarbazepine was the efficient medicine for the KCNQ2-associated epilepsy. Genetic testing showed great help to the treatment of epilepsy.

Objective To study the feasibility of rat models of renal edema based on disease combined with traditional Chinese medicine syndrome yin-deficiency and yang-deficiency types .Methods Gastric gavage of thyroxine and tail vein injection of Adriamycin were performed to induce a rat model of kidney Yin deficiency edema , and intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone and tail vein injection of Adriamycin were used to establish a rat model of kidney Yang deficiency edema .The 24 h urine protein content , triiodothyronine ( T3 ) , thyroxine ( T4 ) , cyclic adenosine monophosphate ( cAMP ) , cyclic guanosine monophosphate ( cGMP ) , estradiol ( E2 ) and testosterone ( T ) and other indicators were assayed to determine whether the rat models were successfully established .Result The rats of Yin deficiency edema group had clinical presentation such as hyperactivity , hair loss, dry stool, weight loss and temperature rise.Compared with the blank group , T3, T4, cAMP, E2, and 24 h urinary protein levels were significantly increased , cGMP and T content decreased , and cAMP/cGMP ratio was significantly increased , showing significant differences ( P<0.05 for all).The Yang deficiency edema animals displayed reduced activity , diarrhea, decreased body weight and body temperature, and other signs of disease.Compared with the blank group, T3, T4, cAMP, and E2 contents were significantly decreased , cGMP, T, and 24 h urinary protein levels were significantly increased , and cAMP/cGMP ratio decreased , showing significant differences ( P <0.05 for all ) .Conclusions The rat model of renal edema disease combined with TCM syndrome yin-deficiency was successfully induced by thyroxine in combination with Adriamycin , and the rat model of renal edema based on disease combined with TCM syndrome yang-deficiency is successfully established by administration of hydrocortisone plus Adriamycin .These two rat models demonstrate similar clinical manifestations of human renal edema based on disease combined with TCM syndrome yin-deficiency and yang-deficiency, respectively, therefore, may serve as useful tools for further research on this disease .

Objective To analyze the pathologically confirmed pulmonary Actinomycosis in the 11 patients in focusing on clinical features and mis-diagnostic reasons so as to improve physicians' awareness of this rare disease and reduce the misdiagnosis.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 11 cases with pathologically confirmed pulmonary Actinomycosis during January 2003-August 2015.The clinical data and main causes of misdiagnosis in these cases were collected and analyzed.Results The study included 11 patients with a mean age of(53.0 ± 11.6.0)years.Among the 11 cases,8 (72.7 ％) patients had complications,6 (54.5 ％) were current or ex-smokers.Main clinical manifestations of 11 cases were cough(11/11,100.0 ％),sputum(11/11,100.0 ％),hemoptysis (7/11,63.6％),chest pain(6/11,54.5％)and fever(3/11,27.3％).Ten patients presented with one lobe of lung lesions,including 4 patients in the lower lobe and 3 in the upper lobe of the left lung,2 in the upper lobe and 1 in the lower lobe of the right lung.While,the remained one case presented with lesion locating in right main bronchus.Iconography often presented as pulmonary mass shadow,consolidation shadow,spicule sign,lobulation sign,hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion.Vacuolar lesions were observed in some of the focuses.Flexible bronchoscopy was performed in 8 (72.7％)patients.Among them,7 patients showed mucosal swelling and congestion,luminal occlusion with purulence secretion,2 cases with polypoid neoplasm.Initial misdiagnosis rate were 100％ (11/11),among which 7 cases were misdiagnosed as lung cancer,2 cases as fungus infection,and 1 case as pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 case as pneumonia,respectively.All patients were definitely diagnosed by biopsy finding an evidence of hyphae of Actinomycosis in lung tissue specimens.The definitive diagnosis was made by CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy in 4 cases,by transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB)in 5 cases and by thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in 1 case respectively.Actinomycosis in most patients was cured with high-dose penicillin administration over a prolonged period.Conclusions The diagnosis of pulmonary Actinomycosis remains challenging via its non-specific clinical symptoms and iconography features,and the presence of comorbidity may further increase the difficulty and complexity of diagnosis,leading to delaying-or mistaking-diagnosis.Obtaining positively pathological specimens is diagnostic key.Transbronchial lung biopsy through a bronchoscope and CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy are the priority methods.

Objective:To evaluate the role of Tg in diagnosis of lateral cervical lymph node recurrence in papillary thyoid cancer(PTC)after radioactive iodine(RAI) therapy.Methods:From Jan 2012 to Aug 2018, 22 PTC patients who received RAI therapy after operation were reoperated for lateral cervical lymph node recurrence. The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median recurrence time was 30.5 (5-86) months. All 22 patients received RAI therapy after the first operation, and the median dose of RAI was 250mCi(100-700 mCi) and the episode of RAI therapy ranged from 1 to 4. All 22 PTC patients underwent neck reoperation, among which 20 cases were identified to have lymph node metastasis. The median number of lymph nodes dissected was 31 (8-83) and median number of metastatic lymph nodes was 4 (1-19) . The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting lymph node metastasis was 90.9%. Before reoperation, the median Tg was 1.305 (0.10-99.51) μg/L, with the cutoff value of Tg being 0.2 μg/L, and its sensitivity and specificity were 80.0% and 100%, respectively. The median stimulated Tg was 5.89 (0.14-255.80) μg/L in the 10 patients, with the cutoff value of stimulated Tg of 2 μg/L, and its sensitivity and specificity were 88.9% and 100%, respectively.Conclusions:The serum Tg level is helpful for monitoring the recurence of PTC, but recurrence cannot be completely ruled out for those with low Tg.