Objective We investigated the effect of Guhong on the capability of brain to resist ischemia.Methods MCAO model was established in SD rats.TTC staining was performed in Guhong group with intraperitoneal injection and routine MCAO model group.Infarction volume was compared.Immunochemistry was performed to observe Caspase 3 expression in peri-infarct cortice of both of the groups.Results Guhong intraperitoneal injection significantly reduced the infarction volume(P﹤0.05).Caspase 3 expression was lower in Guhong group as compared with the model group.Conclusion Guhong may strengthen the capability of brain to resist ischemia.Anti-apoptosisinduced by Guhong may be the one of the underlied mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE: To review endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system, and to explore the application value of Fusion image guided system in endonasal endoscopic surgeries. METHOD: Retrospective research. Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system were analysed including chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp (n = 10), fungus sinusitis (n = 5), endoscopic optic nerve decompression (n = 16), inverted papilloma of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), ossifying fibroma of sphenoid bone (n = 1), malignance of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 5), hemangioma of orbital apex (n = 2) and orbital reconstruction (n = 3). RESULT: Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries completed successfully without any complications. Fusion image guided system can help to identify the ostium of paranasal sinus, lamina papyracea and skull base. Fused CT-CTA images, or fused MR-MRA images can help to localize the optic nerve or internal carotid arteiy . Fused CT-MR images can help to detect the range of the tumor. It spent (7.13 ± 1.358) minutes for image guided system to do preoperative preparation and the surgical navigation accuracy reached less than 1mm after proficient. There was no device localization problem because of block or head set loosed. CONCLUSION Fusion image guided system make endonasal endoscopic surgery to be a true microinvasive and exact surgery. It spends less preoperative preparation time, has high surgical navigation accuracy, improves the surgical safety and reduces the surgical complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Sphenoid Bone ; pathology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Objective To investigate and contrastive analyse the respective value of tympanograms and high resolution CT scan of temporal bone in the diagnosis of secretory otitis media .Methods The clinical data of 150 hos-pitalized patients with secretory otitis media in Department of ENTHNS ,Tongji Hospital ,Wuhan from 2009 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed .Based on the surgical finding of tympanic cavity fluid ,the diagnostic accordance rate of tympanograms and temporal bone CT for middle ear effusion were calculated respectively ,and their diagnos-tic value were evaluated .Results The diagnostic accordance rate of tympanogram B for the middle ear effusion in secretory otitis media was 94 .5% (138/146 ears) ,the rate of abnormal tympanograms was 91 .6% (206/225 ears) , while temporal bone CT with a rate of 99 .2% (117/118 ears) .The difference between the latter two data was statis-tically significant(P<0 .01) .Conclusion The temporal bone CT scan ,with a higher diagnostic value for middle ear effusion in secretory otitis media ,could be used as a supplement to the acoustic immittance measurement ,especially to non-B tympanograms for the diagnosis of secretory otitis midia .

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; diagnosis ; Sinusitis

Objective To investigate the effects of ketogenic diet ( KD) treatment on helper T cell subsets in children with intractable epilepsy( IP) . Methods Thirty-five children with IP and eighteen age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this study.The percentages of CD3+CD8-IFN-γ+( Th1 ) cells, CD3+CD8-IL-17A+(Th17) cells and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+(Treg) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Re-al-time PCR assay was performed to evaluate the expression of T-bet, ROR-γ, IFN-γ, IL-17A and peroxi-some proliferator activated receptorγ( PPAR-γ) at mRNA level in CD4+CD25-T cells and the transcription-al levels of Foxp3, GITR, CTLA-4 and PPAR-γin CD4+CD25+T cells.The concentrations of cyclooxygen-ases-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin F2a (PGF2α) in plasma samples were measured by enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay.The expression of IL-17A and IFN-γin plasma samples were detected by using cytomet-ricbeadarray(CBA).Results (1)ThepercentagesofTregcellsinperipheralbloodsamplesfrompa-tients with IP were lower than those in healthy subjects (P<0.05), which were significantly increased with the treatment of KD (P<0.05).The percentages of Th17 and Th1 cells in patients with IP were significantly higher than those in healthy children (P<0.05), but were remarkably decreased with the treatment of KD (P<0.05).Patients with IP showed decreased transcriptional levels of Foxp3, GITR and CTLA-4 in CD4+CD25+T cells as compared with healthy controls, but were up-regulated with the treatment of KD.The ex-pression of transcription factors including T-bet, ROR-γ, IFN-γand IL-17A in CD4+CD25-T cells in pa-tients with IP were higher than those in healthy subjects and were down-regulated after the treatment of KD (P<0.05).(2) The expression of PPAR-γat mRNA level in CD4+CD25-T and CD4+CD25+T cells were decreased in patients with IP as compared with those in heathy controls, but were increased after the treat-ment of KD (P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that Treg cells had a positive correlation with PPAR-γ(r=0.61, P<0.05).However, the Th1 and Th17 cells were negatively correlated with PPAR-γ[Th1 (r=-0.54, P<0.05), Th17 (r=-0.64, P<0.05) ].(3) The levels of IL-17A and IFN-γin patients with IP were higher than those in healthy controls, but were decreased with KD treatment (P<0.05).The levels of COX-2 and PGF2αin plasma samples from patients with IP were higher than those in healthy controls ( P<0.05).A negative correlation was observed between COX-2 and PPAR-γ(r=-0.571, P<0.05). Moreover, PGF2αand PPAR-γhad a negative correlation as well (r=-0.586, P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of KD might enhance the expression of PPAR-γthrough inhibiting the products of oxidative stress such as COX-2 and PGF2α, resulting in the rebalance of Th cell subsets and reduced expression of in-flammatory cytokines.

Objective To investigate the effects of miR-155/miR-21 on the expression of TLR4 in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD).Methods Forty-five children with acute KD were enrolled into the study.Children were divided into the group with coronary artery lesions (KD-CAL+) and the group without coronary artery lesions (KD-CAL-).The age-matched twenty healthy children were included as the control group.The levels of TLR4 expression were analyzed by flow cytometry.The CD14+ monocytes in the peripheral blood were separated by CD14+ immunomagnetic beads.Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to evaluate the expression of miR-155,miR-21 and interleukin (IL)-10,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,IL-6,IL-1β in CD14+ monocytes at mRNA level.The concentration of matixmetalloproteinase (MMP)-9,HSP60,high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA).T test was used to compare the differences between groups and P＜0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results The levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in children with acute KD were significantly higher than those in the control group [(12.4±5.1)％ vs (4.6±1.6)％,t=5.55,P＜0.05],and the levels of TLR4 expression in the KD-CAL+ group were remarkably elevated compared with the KD-CAL+group [(17.1±4.6)％ vs (9.6±2.7)％,t=5.89,P＜0.05].The plasma concentrations of HMGB11 [(10.2±7.6 vs 3.2±1.0) ng/ml,t=3.55,P＜0.05] and HSP60 [(56±23 vs 18±7) ng/ml,t=4.90,P＜0.05] in the KD group were increased(P＜0.05),but significantly decreased aftcr treatment with IVIG (P＜0.05).The levels of miR-155 [(21.0±27.0)×10 vs (4.6±3.1)×10-3,t=2.57,P＜0.05] and miR-21 (11.6±4.0 vs 8.7±2.2,t=2.78,P＜0.05)expression in the KD group were significantly higher than those in the controls (P＜0.05).The level of miR-155 expression in the KD-CAL+ group was apparently higher than that in the KD-CAL-group [(4.2±3.0)×10 vs (11.0±1.5)×104,t=4.07,P＜0.05] and the expression of miR-21 was lower than that in the KD-CAL-group (8.8±2.5 vs 12.8±4.0,t=3.46,P＜0.05).Compared with the controls,the levels of IL-10 mRNA expression in the KD group were significantly increased [(34.9 ±17.5)×10 vs (1.0±9.4)×10 4,t =5.62,P＜0.05),and IL-10 expression in the KD-CAL-group was higher than that in the KD-CAL+ group [(26.6±13.4)×104 vs (39.5±1.8)×10,t=2.36,P＜0.05].The plasma concentrations of MMP-9 in the KD group were remarkably higher than those in the controls [(1 141±541) pg/ml vs (304±94) pg/ml,t=4.83,P＜0.05],the concentration of MMP-9 in the KD-CAL+ group was higher than that in the KD-CAL-group [(1 350±625) pg/ml vs (945±370) pg/ml,t=2.21,P＜0.05].Conclusion The dysregulation of miR-155 and miR-21 may be one of the reasons that result in over-expression of TLR4 in patients with acute KD,and the persistently increased HSP60 and HMGB1 may trigger or amplify TLR4 expression.

Objective To provide a good evaluation for research the hyperthyroidism drugs , two kinds of hyperthyroidism animal models were copied , and compared the similarities and differences of their formability and sustainability.Methods Euthyrox-induced model: The rat was taken Euthyrox (50μg· 100g-1 rat weight) for 21 d. And then the blood and urine were collected in 1 d, 7 d and 14 d after last time oral administration of Euthyrox;Yersiniaenterocolitica-induced model:the rats were injected Yersiniaenterocolitica (YE) in 0、5、10、15、20 (IOCV).And then the blood and urine were collected in 5d, 15d and 25d after last IOCV of YE.Results Euthyrox-induced model:T3, T4, FT3, FT4 were increased significantly , but returned normal 1 week later in the model group , PCA showed that model group deviated from the blank group , but recovered 2 weeks later; Yersiniaenterocolitica-induced model: T3 and T4 were increased significantly in 15 and 25 d, TSH significant raised in 25 d, the model group deviated from the blank group in PCA, and didn’t return to the blank group in 15d or 25d.Conclusion Euthyrox-induced modelhas good formability butrecovered quickly , which is suitable for prevention of drug delivery on efficacy evaluation; Yersiniaenterocolitica-induced model with good formability and sustainability could be used for treatment of drug delivery on efficacy evaluation .

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on the expressions of autophagy related protein Beclin-1 and apoptosis related protein p53 of hippocampus in rats;To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture on Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the sham-operation group, the model group, and the electroacupuncture treatment group. “Baihui” and “Yongquan” points were taken for electroacupuncture treatment and the treatment course was 7 days. The rats were treated once a day for 4 courses. Changes in morphology and number of Nissl positive cells were examined by Nissl staining in hippocampal CA1 regions. Expressions of Beclin-1 and p53 protein were determined by Western blot analysis.Results Number of Nissl positive cells in CA1 region of the model group was significantly less than that of normal group (P<0.01). After electroacupuncture treatment, number of pyramidal cells and expression of Nissl body significantly increased (P<0.05). Expression of Beclin-1 decreased, while expression of p53 increased in the hippocampus of the model group, compared with that in the normal group (P<0.05). However, electroacupuncture treatment could significantly upregulate the expression of Beclin-1 protein (P<0.01), but downregulate the level of p53 (P<0.05).Conclusion Electro-acupuncture treatment could fight against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis, and improve the morphological changes of AD’s hippocampus.

Objective:To detect the expression of oncogene c-myc and explore its role on human aryngeal cancer.Method:The mRNA and of oncogene c-myc levels were detected in human laryngeal cancer tissues and iaryngeal normal tissues by the means of real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Result:Compared with normal laryngeal tissues,the mRNA and protein levels of oncogene c-myc were both upregulated in laryngeal cancer tissues of all differentiation degree(P＜0.05).Moreover,the level of e-myc was inverse correlated with the differentiation degree in human laryngeal cancer tissues.Conclusion:The oncogene c-myc is overexpressed in human laryngeal cancer tissues,and c-myc may play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of human laryngeal cancer tissues.It may provide a new target for gene therapy of human laryngeal cancer.

Objective To explore the protective effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) serum onβ-amyloid protein (Aβ) induced primary rat hippcampal neurons. Methods The rat models of Alzheimer's disease were established by intracerebral injection of Aβ1-40. After treated them with EA, the serum was harvested. Primary cultured hippocampal neurons were treated with Aβ25-35 to establish neuronal damage model in vitro, and divided into normal group, model group and EA serum group. The proliferation of neurons was detected by MTT test. Neuronal apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining, and expression of cysteine aspartic acid proteases-3 (Caspase-3) was detected by immunocytochemical staining. Results MTT test showed that the cell viability was significantly decreased after treated with Aβ. While compared with the model group, cell proliferation of EA serum group was significantly enhanced (P<0.01). TUNEL staining showed that the number of apoptotic cells in EA serum group decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.01). After 48 h of Aβ treatment, Caspase-3 expression levels were significantly elevated. However, compared with the model group, the number of Caspase-3 positive cells in EA serum group was significantly reduced (P<0.01). Conclusion The EA serum could promote the proliferation of hippocampal neurons, reduce the expression of Caspase-3, counteract the neurotoxicity of β-amyloid protein, and reduce neuronal apoptosis.