Objective To evaluate the value of immunoblotting in the detection of serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in breast tumor patients. Methods TK1 in sera from breast tumor patients, non tumor patients and healthy volunteers were determined with immunoblotting assay.Results The levels of TK1 in breast cancer patients before operation, patients with benign breast tumor, non tumor patients, and healthy volunteers were (39.3? 33.9), (3.7?3.9), (1.7?0.5) and (1.4?0.5) pmol/L respectively. The value of TK1 was higher in malignant and benign breast neoplasms patients than in healthy volunteers. However, no significant difference in the TK1 level was found between breast cancer patients without metastasis after operation, non tumor patients, and healthy volunteers.Conclusions The immunoblotting of TK1 by anti TK1 antibody is a sensitive and specific assay. It can be used to monitor and predict the efficiency of the therapy as well as the breast neoplasms progression during clinical course.

Objective To observe the effect and the influential factors of stoves improving in controlling fluorosis in the coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas. Methods Among the households whose stoves had been improved by 2001 and the improved ones were in use during the whole monitor, the dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years (n=318) and the skeletal fluorosis in adults older than 16 years were examined and the fluoride concentration in the indoor air, the corn, chili and the urine of children (n=253) was determined respectively. Results The dental fluorosis rates were 64.79%-87.93%, the skeletal fluorosis rate were 17.95%-21.97%, the fluoride levels in the urine were 2.50-4.03 mg/L, in the indoor air per day were 0.033 7-0.175 3 mg/m3, in chili and corn were 48.13-251.40 mg/kg, 2.06-4.06 mg/kg respectively. The dental fluorosis rate and the index went down significantly year by year from 2001 to 2004. The fluoride content in the chili and the children’s urine decreased in varying degrees from 2001 to 2005. The fluoride levels in the indoor air in 2004 and 2005 were significantly lower than that in 2001 respectively. Conclusion Coal-burning endemic fluorosis is still prevailing in this village. Stoves improving is an effective measure to prevent endemic fluorosis caused by coal-burning.

The paper gives an account of the basic concept of supply chain management, puts forward the overall framework of supply chain management in the hospitals department of clinical laboratory, and sets forth the specific process of implementation: analyzing the hospitals environment of market competition and identifying medical market opportunities; defining clinical and patient value; specifying competition strategies; analyzing the entity competitive power; establishing the management procedure of the department of clinical laboratory; implementing various testing steps; evaluating testing quality and performance; and seeking feedback and improvement.

Objective To observe the changes of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)in patients with myocardial infarction,and to assess the clinical value of BNP in the patients with myocardial infarction.Methods BNP was determined in 91 patients with myocardial infarction and in 90 normal cases,and the difference was studied between the area of myocardial infarction and the number of coronary arteries stenosis.Results BNP(ng/L)(155.03 ± 113.45,71.03 ±37.01)and LVEDd(cm)(5.11 ±0.51,4.56 ±0.43)were significantly increased in patients with myocardial infarction than that in normal cases(P＜0.01),but EF(%)(50.84 ±7.98,57.09 ±6.29)was lower than that in normal cases(P＜0.01).BNP and LVEDd were also significantly higher in patients with wide-anterior myocardial infarction than that in antero-septal,inferior and posterior wall myocardial infarction,but LVEF was lower.Conclusion The BNP level was higher in patients with myocardial infarction,especially in patients with wide-anterior myocardial infarction.BNP was a reliable bio-chemical marker which can evaluate the degree and prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction.

Objective To investigate the current situation of coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in the disease affected areas,the usage of anti-arsenism stove and the formation of related behavior;,to evaluate the control effect,so as to provide a basis for development of control strategies.Methods Surveillances were carried out according to the provisions and requirements of The Surveillance Project for Shaanxi Institute Coal-Burning-Borne Endemic Arsenicosis (Trial.).Four villages in two counties of Ankang city and Hanzhong city in Shaanxi Province were monitored in 2010-2014.Using simple random sampling method,10 families in each village were randomly selected to survey the situation of the stove used and related behavior changes.Five households in each village were randomly selected; arsenic level in coal was determined; high arsenic exposed population was investigated according to Endemic Arsenism Diagnostic Criteria (WS/T 211-2001).Urine samples of 30 patients with arsenism were randomly selected to determine the arsenic content.Results The proper utilization rate and the qualified households of improved stoves and iron stoves were all low; the correct drying rate and the correct storage rate of peppers and corns were higher than 95％.The washing rate of corns and peppers before eating were all 100％.A total of 100 copies of coal samples were tested and the arsenism content was between 12.295-455.827 mg/kg,and the geometric mean value of the arsenism content was (91.819 ± 80.989)mg/kg.Seventeen thousand eight hundred and fifty-five individuals were investigated and 1 232 cases of arsenism were diagnosed in the 4 villages; the prevalence rate was 6.90％ (1 232/17 855); urinary arsenism content was between not detected-0.287 mg/L; and the geometric mean value of the arsenic content was 0.033 mg/L.Conclusions The coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Shaanxi is in a prevalent state; many anti-arsenism stoves are out of order; and the proper utilization rate is low.To strengthen the disease surveillance,health education and management of anti-arsenism stoves are key measures in control of coal-burning borne endemic arsenism in the future.

Objective To study the effects of ischemia postconditioning(IPC) in reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) in acute limp ischemia(ALI) and investigate the mechanism.Methods 45 New Zealand rabbits were treated with the method that combined high lipid diets and femoral intima injury by balloon inflation to build up limp atherosclerotic stenosis model,then they were randomly divided into three groups( each group 15 rabbits):control group;IR group and IPC group.Serum creatine phosphate kinase(CK),malondialehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) in three groups were measured before occlusion and 2 hours after sustaining reperfusion.The histological changes of limp skeletal muscle of experimental rabbits were analyzed and TUNEL method was used to access apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells.Results The levels of CK,M DA in IPC group were lower than IR group [ (7.49 ± 0.84)vs (8.19 ± 1.06),P＜0.05],[ (3.67 ±0.36) vs (4.06 ±0.55),P ＜0.05] while SOD level was higher than IR group [ (420.40 ± 30.94 ) vs ( 384.73 ± 44.12),P ＜ 0.05 ] ; The injury of skeletal muscles in I PC group was lighter than IR group and the apoptosis index of skeletal muscle cells was significantly decreased compared with that in IR group[(12.27+2.11)％ vs (16.62 ± 1.44)％,P＜0.01].Conclusion Applying IPC in acute limp ischemia could alleviate IRI and protect skeletal muscles.The mechanism was associated with oxidation resistance enhancing and the effects in reducing apoptosis of skeletal muscles induced by IRI.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum aldosterone and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ( PAI-1 ) levels to the severity of coronary artery lesions and the recent prognosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods The study included 160 consecutive patients admitted. All the patients received coronary angiography and were divided into two groups:control group and ACS group. The patients' blood samples were abtained at the root of aortic artery to measure the serum aldosterone and PAI-1 levels. We analyzed their relationship with the severity of coronary artery lesions. The patients were also divided into three groups( high-score group, moderate-score group,low-score group)according to Gensini accumulated points,we analyzed the difference of aldosterone and PAI-1 levels in three groups. The predictive values of aldosterone and PAI-1 to the recent pronosis of ACS patients underwent PCIwere assessed. Results ( 1 )The patients' serum aldosteeone and PAI-1 levels in ACS group were significantly higher than control group( all P <0. 05 ) ;(2)The aldosterone and PAI-1 levels in high-score group were higher than moderate-score group, and moderate-score group was higher than low-score group. (3)The serum aldosterone level in ACS patients was positively correlated with the PAI-1 level ( r = 0.213, all P < 0. 05 ). ( 4 ) Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that aldosterone, PAI-1 levels were srtong independent predictors for the recent prognosis of ACS patients underwent PCI. Conclusion The aldosterone ,PAI-1 levels in ACS patients were correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesions. Both of them were strong predictors for the recent prognosis of ACS patients underwent PCI.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the different genotypes at the position -889 in the promoter of interleukin-1 alpha(IL-1?) and the severity of coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods The genotypes of IL-1?(-889C/T)in 118 CHD patients and 184 healthy controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and The serum level of IL-1? was detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Results The distribution of IL-1? (-889C/T) genotypes between myocardial infarction(MI) patients and healthy controls was significantly different (? 2=5.96, P

Objective To explore the effect of hepatitis B virus(HBV) on the expression of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and its regulatory mechanism.Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of ApoA1 in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells,serum ApoA1 and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) levels in patients with HBV infection and in healthy individuals were measured by biochemical analyzer,statistical difference was analyzed by SPSS13.0,HepG2 cells was co-transfected with ApoA1 promoter containing the luciferase gene and HBV infectious clone pHBV1.3,luciferase activity was measured,expression of ApoA1 in HepG2 cells was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot after transfected with pHBV1.3.Results Expression of ApoA1 mRNA and protein was lower in HepG2.2.15 cells than in HepG2 cells,serum ApoA1 and HDL-C levels were much lower in HBV patients as compared to healthy individuals( P＜0.05 ),HBV represses ApoA1 gene promoter activity,ApoA1 mRNA and protein expression in HepG2 cells.Conclusion HBV can inhibit the expression of ApoA1 bothin vivo and in vitro.

Objective To investigate the expression of NKG2D and related signaling molecules adaptor protein(DAP10) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) in the inflammatory cells of gastric adenocarcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues,the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) on the expression of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in natural killer(NK) cells of healthy volunteers.Methods The expression of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in the inflammatory cells of 36 gastric adenocarcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.The peripheral blood NK cells of healthy volunteers were isolated and purified with CDC method.The expressions of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in NK cells were determined by immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) methods before and after VIP intervention.The ttest was used for comparison between two groups and rank transformation nonparametric test (Kruskal-Wallis H test) for count data analysis.Results The expression levels of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in the inflammatory cells of gastric adenocarcinoma were significantly lower than those of para-carcinoma tissues (H=30.640,24.910,20.320,all P＜0.01).The expression levels of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK were much lower in poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (H =4.049,11.830,8.118),at stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (H=4.275,11.560,7.686),and the expression levels of NKG2D,ERK were lower with lymph nodes metastasis (H=6.513,6.064,all P＜0.05).The expression levels of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and inflammatory cells were not correlated with gender,age and the location of lesions (all P＞0.05).The expression levels of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in NK cells was decreased after VIP intervention (protein:H=12.438,4.798,13.745,mRNA:F=337.640,638.579,1055.015,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Gastric adenocarcinoma may downregulate the expression of NKG2D,DAP10 and ERK in NK cells through VIP secretion,which may be involved in the immune escape of gastric cancer.