Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is one of the important discoveries in the field of environmental microbiology, and it plays an indispensible role in the nitrogen removal from wastewaters and the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Through review research progress in anaerobic ammonia oxidation, an Anammox special issue is published so as to find problems, explore applications and outlook developments. The special issue consists of reviews and original papers, mainly involving in the following aspects: i) enrichment of Anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB); ii) community analysis of AnAOB; iii) preservation of granular AnAOB sludge; iv) effect of organic matter on Anammox; v) application of Anammox process, etc.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; metabolism ; Environmental Microbiology ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; Nitrogen Cycle ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water ; chemistry

Tourette syndrome(-TS) is a genetic predisposition,chronic complex neuropsychiatric disease in children.Recent studies focus on the relationship between TS and the genetic variations of susceptibility genes,particularly single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).Highly automated,high accuracy and low cost of SNP detection and analysis technologies have promoted the study of hereditary diseases.The recent research development of SNP in TS related genes was reviewed in the paper.

Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Radiologic Health

We studied the effects of the oxygen on partial nitrification in a membrane bioreactor (MBR), to find out critical dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations for the optimal partial nitrification by monitoring the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and oxygen supply rate (OSR). The nitrite accumulation occurred at a DO concentration of 1 mg/L, while the ratio of nitrite to ammonia in effluent was close to 1 at a DO concentration of 0.5 mg/L which was suitable to serve as the feed of an ANNAMOX system. When the mixed liquid suspended solids(MLSS) was 20 g/L in MBR, OUR and OSR were 19.86 mg O2/(L·s) and 0.369 mg O2/(L·s) respectively, indicating that the oxygen supply was the bottleneck of partial nitrification. "Low DO and high aeration rate" were suggested as a control strategy to further improve the efficiency of partial nitrification.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Membranes, Artificial ; Nitrification ; Nitrites ; chemistry ; Oxygen ; chemistry ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods

Objective To discuss the selection of operation methods of total hysterectomy in obese women. Methods We reviewed clinical data of 116 obese women with the body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m~2 treated with total hysterectomy. According to the operative procedure, 56 women underwent the vaginal total hysterectomy (Vaginal Group) and 60 women, abdominal total hysterectomy (Abdominal Group). Intra- and post-operative records were compared between the two groups. Results As compared with the Abdominal Group, the Vaginal Group presented a significantly shorter operation time (t=-3.693,P=0.000) and hospital stay (t=-7.019, P=0.000), a significantly less intraoperative blood loss (t=-4.006,P=0.000), and a significantly lower postoperative pyrexia rate (?~2=4.388,P=0.036) and complication rate (?~2=5.243,P=0.022). Conclusions Vaginal hysterectomy is superior to abdominal hysterectomy in obese women, but should be used with caution in those with severe adhesions or multiple abdominal operation history.

BACKGROUND:It can be confirmed by the clinical trial that chronic plantar fasciitis can be treated by extracorporeal shock wave.There are some different explains for the mechanism of action.OBJECTIVE:To introduce the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis.RETRIEVAL STRATEGY:A computer-based search was conducted in PUBMED,HighWire and Springer databases for articles published before August 2007 with the key words of "chronic plantar fasciitis,extracorporeal shock wave application" in English by the first and second authors.Inclusive criteria:articles were selected firstly based on the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave for chronic plantar fasciitis.Exclusive criteria:articles out-of-date and repeated were removed.LITERATURE EVALUATION:Sixty-five relevant articles were collected,and twenty-five met the inclusive criteria.Of them,4 articles were review,and others were about the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave for chronic plantar fasciitis.DATA SYNTHESIS:①Someone believed that high energy shock wave selectively damaged unmyelinated sensory nerve fibers.Low energy shock wave could inhibit the conduction of sensory nerve ending by releasing calcitonin-gene-related peptide and producing neurogenic inflammation.It also could play a long-term analgesic effect by making the changes in regional flow of the brain,regulating pain memory and reducing local stimulatory response.②There are many reports on short-term and long-term outcomes,different energy levels,local anesthetic drug,the depth of plantar fasciitis and therapeutic place.CONCLUSION:It is effective to treat chronic plantar fasciitis by extracorporeal shock wave.Different approaches can bring us different therapeutic outcomes.

Objective To analyse the relationship between the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) and the level of Thrombomodumin(TM),thrombin-antithrombin(TAT) and D-dimer in plasma from 67 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC).Methods The levels of TM,TAT and D-dimer were measured by a two antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and a latex aggregation assay.Results The levels of TM,TAT and D-dimer in plasma of patients with DIC were higher than those in control group(P

Professor LI Ping was experienced in treatment of diabeitc nephropathy.She emphasized the entirety which indicated the interaction of environment and human,and the interaction of five organs before prescription of Chinese Medicine formula.She also applied recent findings of the modern medicine in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.In syndrome differentiation,she put stress on the combination of disease differentiation.In clinical research,she found the syndorme distribution of daibetic nephropathy changes with progression of Morgensen staging.

Objective To understand the antiseptic effect of preservatives commonly used in the actual cosmetics. Methods The single culture method was used to evaluate the effects of different preservatives on the different microbial. Results In the actual cosmetics, parabens could inhibit fungi well but bacteria, the effect of imidazolinyl urea was contrary, inhibited bacteria well but fungi. 2-bromo- 2-nitropropane-1, 3-diol got good effect. Methylchloro did not show an effect in the allowable range. Conclusion The cosmetics components are considered as the important influencing factors for the effects of preservatives used in the cosmetics.

Objective To research the resistibility of microbes contaminated in cosmetics to preservatives in common use in cosmetics.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) method was used according to Disinfection Technical Guideline.Results The resuls showed that some of the isolated microbes had higher resistance for one or more of the commonly used preservatives.The MIC of enterobacter gergoviae for methyl paraben was 10 mg/ml,the MIC of paecilomyces for propyl paraben was 10 mg/ml,it was 2.5 times greater than the limited dose.The MIC of Pantoea,P.luteola and trichoderma for imidazolidinyl urea were higher than other standard microbe strains.Conclusion The microbes contaminated in cosmetics can develop tolerance to the preservatives in common use in cosmetics,maybe that is one of the causes for cosmetics contamination.