Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Trastuzumab

Androstadienes ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; administration & dosage ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Humans ; Nitriles ; administration & dosage ; Postmenopause ; Triazoles ; administration & dosage

Objective To identify genes differentially expressed in the window of implantation and explore the molecular basis of the development of endometrial receptivity.Methods A subtracted cDNA library of the window of implantation was constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) method.The screened clones of the subtracted library were sequenced and GenBank homology search was performed.The differential expression of ribosomal protein(RP)L7,RPL7 pseudogene(RPL7p),RPL19 and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta polypeptide(YWHAZ) were further confirmed by RT-PCR.Results After sequencing and GenBank homology search of 50 clones, 35 differentially expressed genes were detected in the window of implantation,of which 23 were known genes,and 12 were unknown genes.Some of the known genes have been proved to be associated with implantation,while others were firstly screened out by us.The results of RT-PCR confirmed that RPL7, RPL7p,RPL19 and YWHAZ were highly expressed in the window of implantation,0.75?0.21,1.72? 0.30,1.23?0.31,and 1.28?0.08,respectively.Conclusions SSH is a useful technique to detect differential expression genes and an effective method to clone novel genes.It provides a new method to investigate the molecular basis of the development of endometrial receptivity.

Objective To study the intestinal flora changes of children with pneumonia,and explore the feasibility and practicability of fluorescent quantitative 16S rRNA/DNA targeted polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in quantitative study of bacterium.Methods The bacterial DNA was extracted in stool between 23 healthy children (control group)and 23 children (pneumonia group)with pneumonia after therapy,A260 of bacteria was detected and compared between 2 groups.16S rRNA/DNA PCR were applied to analyze and compare the bacterial content of lactobacilli and Escherichia coli in stool between control group and pneumonia group.Results Bacterial A260 of stool were respectively(3 381.2?817.2)mg/L in control group,(1 643.5?498.4)mg/L on therapy group post-treatment first day,(859.6?165.2) mg/ L on the third day of post-treatment,(1 263.8?337.3)mg/ L on the 7th day.There were significant differences of bacterial A260 between control group and pneumonia group in post-therapy(Pa

Objective To evaluate the long-term safety, efficacy and complications of placement vena cava filter in prevention of pulmonary embolism. Methods Seventy-three patients with proven diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and (or) pulmonary embolism (PE) by Doppler ultrasonography, DSA, CT or MRI, received percutaneous inferior vena cava filters (IVCF) from January 1994 to June 2005. The clinical data and imaging findings were evaluated retrospectively. The patients underwent telephone interview or questionnaire, abdominal X-rays, Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) or indirect CT venography (CTV) after a follow-up duration of 5 months to 11 years. Results Seventy-eight vena cava filters were used. There was 1 case of incomplete filter opening when placing filter. In follow-up, thrombi were trapped in the filter in 2 cases, filter tilting happened in 1 case, and there were no filter migration, filter disruption, filter perforation. Five of 73 cases were lost in follow-up visit, 14 patients died after implantation (5 days to 41 months, average 14.5 months). Among the 54 living patients, the identified recurrent PE was not noted. Three cases of recurrent DVT, 1 case of inferior vena caval thrombosis and 1 case of thrombosed filters were seen in follow- up. Conclusion Inferior veua cava filter is safe and effective for the long-term prevention pulmonary embolism, and the long-term major complications after filter placement are not frequent.

Thirty-eight individuals with normal glucose regulation and thirty-nine newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were observed by continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS)for three days.The mean blood glucose,mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE),and absolute means of daily differences(MODD)were calculated in each subject.The results suggested that the amplitude of glyeemic excursions revealed by CGMS could be used to evaluate the quality of glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of ketogenic diet (KD) on substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in mouse models with PD.Methods Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, weighting 24-26 g, were randomly divided into normal diet and model group (1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine [MPTP]), experimental group (KD+MPTP), normal diet group and KD group. Mouse models with PD were established by subjecting them to intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. All the mice in the normal diet group and MPTP group were fed with normal diet and were free to access food, while mice in the KD+MPTP and KD group were fed with KD every other day for 1 month. All mice were trained for rotarod test during the feeding and time on the rotarod was formally recorded 1 d before the drug injection. One d after the last injection, rotarod test was implemented again, and then, samples of blood were collected for analysis of serum concentrations of ketone bodies and glucose. The levels of substantia nigra TH, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 gene expressions were examined by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The mice in the KD+MPTP group not only enjoyed a lower mortality rate, but also performed better in the rotarod test than mice in the MPTP group.The concentrations of serum ketone bodies in the KD group and KD+MPTP group were significantly higher than those in the other 2 groups (P＜0.05). Compared with the MPTP group, the levels of TH and Bcl-2 gene expressions in the KD+MPTP group were significantly increased, while the level of caspase-3 gene expression was significantly reduced (P＜0.05). Conclusion KD reverses the effect of MPTP administration by decreasing the level of Bcl-2 gene expression and increasing the level of caspase-3 gene expression, therefore, it inhibits the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and plays a vital role in the protection of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons.

OBJECTIVETo detect the therapeutic effect of selenium-enriched garlic (SeG) on chronic gastritis.

METHODSChronic gastritis was induced of the glandular stomach of male Mongolian Gerbils via gastric instillation of H. pylori TN2 strain once every 4 days for 5 consecutive times followed by random classification into six groups. Fresh SeG suspension was administrated daily at dosages of 4.70, 1.5, 0.47, 0.15 g.kg(-1).d(-1) for four weeks. The gerbils in the positive control group were treated with omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin for one week. The gerbils were killed for pathological examination four weeks after SeG-treatment.

RESULTSChronic gastritis (CAG), low-grade dysplasia or gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (DYS/GIN) were observed among 77% and 38.5% of the 13 H. pylori-treated animals in the negative control group, respectively; whereas 40% and 26.7% in the positive control group (n = 15), respectively. The incidences of CAG and DYS/GIN in the SeG groups (n = 21 - 27) were reduced dose-dependently, 16.7% - 38.7% and 11.1% - 14.3% for CAG and DYS/GIN, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSeG administration inhibits the development and progression of CAG induced by H. pylori remarkably.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Disease Models, Animal ; Garlic ; Gastritis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Gerbillinae ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Selenium ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the effect of an integrated control strategy and to quantify the spatial-temporal variation of infected snails in the bottomland areas after the strategy was implemented.Methods Based on the geographic database of infected snail distribution at the village level during 2004-2010 in Anxiang county,Hunan province,spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial scan statistics were applied to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics on the distribution of infected snails.Results The number of embankments with infected snails in Anxiang county decreased from 23 in 2004 to 10 in 2010,while the rate of frame with infected snail in embankments decreased from 4.32‰ in 2004 to 0.12‰ in 2010.The spatial distribution of infected snails was nonrandom,only in 2004 and 2005 with Moran's I=0.21 (P＜0.10) and Moran's I=0.13 (P＜0.10) respectively.Data from the local spatial auto-correlation analysis showed that the number of villages with H-H types of auto-correlation model had been gradually decreasing.The results of SaTScan statistics appeared the same as from the local spatial auto-correlation analysis,showing that the number of areas with increased risk was decreasing.Conclusion The comprehensive measures with emphasis on infectious source control seemed effective for schistosomiasis control program.The current distribution characteristics provided us with evidence that the resource assignment could be more reasonably implemented so as to control schistosomiasis in a more effective way.

OBJECTIVETo characterize DNA-PKcs and Ku70 expressions in hepato- and cholangio-neoplastic tissues and the association with the degree of malignancy and invasiveness of the tumors.

METHODSThe expression of DNA-PKcs and Ku70 was examined in 47 cases of hepato- or cholangio-neoplasm by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSKu70 was expressed in all of the neoplastic tissues examined and with a little variation in levels. The highest expression was observed in adenocarcinomas and adenomas. There was no statistically significant association between Ku70 expression level and the degree of their malignancy extent or invasiveness. In contrast to Ku 70, a wide variation in expression levels of DNA-Pkcs was observed among different types of neoplastic tissues. The highest ratio of positive expressing cells was detected in hepatocellular carcinomas (92.1%), which was significantly higher than that in cholangioadeno carcinomas (65.3%) and biliary cystadenocarcinomas (51.9%). Low or no expression level was detected in papillary adenoma cases. DNA-PKcs expression of invasive adenomas and adeno-carcinomas (61.2%) was significantly higher than that of non-invasive adenomas and adeno-carcinomas (30.4%). There was no expression observed in the normal tissues adjacent to the tumors.

CONCLUSIONDNA-PKcs is expressed in hepato- and cholangio-neoplasms and its variable level of expression is associated with the types of the tumor and their degree of malignancy and invasiveness. DNA-PKcs could be recognized as a new biomarker for liver neoplasm.

Adenocarcinoma ; enzymology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Nuclear ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; enzymology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; enzymology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; enzymology ; DNA-Activated Protein Kinase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Ku Autoantigen ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; Male ; Middle Aged