To investigate the role of H-fas oncogene in the early stages of human breast carcinogenesis. Methods Thirty cases of human breast cancer, 36 epithelial hyperplasia of usual type and 31 atypical hyperplasia were employed to detect H-ras gene codon 12 mutations by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP assays, and to detect the expression of H-ras protein by immunohistochemistry method. ResultsExpression of H-ras protein were found in 73.3 % (22/30) of breast cancer and 48.4 % (15/31 ) of atypical hyperplasia. No H-ras protein expression was observed in hyperplasia of usual type. All tested sarnples of breast cancer and hyperplsia showed no mutations of H-ras gene codon 12. ConclusionOverexpression of H-ras protein is involved in early stages of breast carcinogenesis, but mutations of H-ras gene codon 12 is rarely present in the stage.

The research status is reviewed on taxonomic position, ecology, biological active matter and artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola. Following problems are presented: whether there are new species and host specificity of Shiraia bambusicola. Since the artificial cultivation of stroma of Shiraia bambusicola has not been success, Shiraia bambusicola is in situation of emerge of itself and perish of itself so that it is not beneficial to resource protection and continual utilization of this medicinal fungus. It is pointed out that molecular biology of Shiraia bambusicola should be further researched and technology of artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola should be explored in order to exploit and usage of Shiraia bambusicola.

Objective To investigate the causes,consequences and management of injuries to the draining veins after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations(BAVMs)with ?-n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA).Methods The angiographic imaging data of 189 BAVMs patients who underwent NBCA embolization were studied retrospectively.The status of the draining veins before and after NBCA embolization was observed and compared.The intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)complications and their relation to their angiographic features were analyzed.Results Twenty-three patients out of 189 patients showed injuries to the draining venous system,including 10 low-grade injury,6 moderate injury,and 7 high- grade injury.Six patients suffered from ICH after embolization,of whom 4 patients were due to injuries of the draining veins(2 moderate and 2 high-grade).In the 3 months follow-up evaluation of 4 patients with ICH, one died,one was in vegetative state,and the other two patients suffered from residual severe or minor (1 patient for each)permanent neurological deficits.Conclusion Our findings suggest that injury of the draining veins is the major cause of ICH and may lead to serious consequences after embolization of BAVMs with NBCA.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of external obturation with cotton ball in treatment of digestive tract lip shape fistula. Methods A prospevtive randomixed controllde study was conducted in 30 patients with digestive tract lip shape fistula admitted from January 2001 to November 2007,which were divided into experimental group ( 15 patienets) and control griup ( 15 patjients). The control group received traditional fistula mouth continuous drainage,with fastomg or part enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition. The experimernal group received external obturatiion with cotton ball,with controling spills of oineteatinal fluid and resuming normal eating and activetes, The patients general information, fistuala mouth sixe, volume, weight, albumin, determinstic operation time, postoperative complications, hospital, signficantly reduced fistula, flow, postoperative compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group , significantly redced fistula, flow, postoperative complivations and cost, increased wdighe and albumin,as well as shortened operation time and hospital stay were found oin the experimetal grou. Conclusin External obturation with cotton ball is safe effective methde in treatment of digestive tract lip shape fistula, obviusly shortening the course of disease, redcing patients'cost and pain, and rapidly improving patients nutritional status.

OBJECTIVETo study the possible relationship between genetic polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODSGenetic polymorphisms of the four NAT2 genes in 78 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 112 healthy controls were analyzed by means of real-time fluorescence light-Cycler. The difference in frequencies between the hepatocellular carcinoma patients and the controls were compared.

RESULTSThe significant difference in slow acetylation genotype frequency was found between the controls and the hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were smokers (17.9% vs 37.5%, x(2)= 4.67, P<0.05) resulting in increased by 2.76 times the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, but no evident difference between the controls and hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were non-smokers.

CONCLUSIONThe smokers with slow acetylation genotype of N-acetyltransferase 2 may be the population with high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Acetylation ; Adult ; Aged ; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Smoking ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate therapeutic effects of Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization in treating ASD after lumbar spinal fusion.

METHODSTotally 40 patients (included 16 males and 24 females, aged 25 to 60 years old) with degenerative disc disease were treated with posterior interbody fusion. Among them, 20 cases (treatment group) were treated with posterior interbody fusion combined with Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization, while other 20 cases (control group) only treated with posterior interbody fusion. JOA score and VAS score were compared after inserted Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization at 1 month and 3 years, and changes of intervertebral disc height of adjacent segment and cross-sectional area of the canal were tested and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 3 to 5 years with an average of 3.6 years. All injuries were healed at stage I and the pain were released after treatment. There were no significant meaning in JOA score and VAS score at 1 month after treatment between two groups (P>0.05), while had meaning at 3 years (P<0.05). There were no statistical significane in intervertebral disc height of adjacent segment and cross-sectional area of the canal at 1 month after treatment (P>0.05), while had statistical meaning at 3 years (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is no difference in immediate effects between two groups. Both of them can obtain good results for effective decompression. Medial-term effectiveness of treatment group is obviously better than control group, which depends on Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization to plays good biology effects and effective accelerate adjacent degeneration caused by lumbar fusion.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Asthma ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Chemokine CCL11 ; genetics ; Chemokine CCL2 ; genetics ; Chemokine CCL5 ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between morphological characteristics of growth cycle for Epimedium acuminatium and accumulation level of secondary metabolites.

METHODAfter making habitat clear, methods of morphology observation, specimen preparation, organism charting were applied to record morphological characteristics of E. acuminatium at different stages. HPLC was employed to detect icariin content of different parts of the plant at the stage of vegetative growth and sexual reproduction.

RESULTThe growth cycle of E. acuminatium was divided into vegetative growth stage and sexual and asexual reproduction coexistence stage. Seven to eight years were needed for the plants flowering and seeding of E. acuminatimcan in open land of forest edge, but within good nutrition conditions, growth cycle is shortened into three to four years. The difference of icariin content in two growth stages was not significant.

CONCLUSIONMorphological change of lower and foliar organ can be utilized to estimate growth age. But after applying sexual propagation for both root and stem of grown plants, it's been difficult to determine their growth year. If individual biomass or yield is economical, plants can be harvested in both vegetative growth and sexual reproduction stages.

Biomass ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Epimedium ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Reproduction ; Seedlings ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETO establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside in Radix Astragali, and to analyse the calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside content of ten samples of Radix Astragali, collected from different regions.

METHODA Polaris C18(250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microns) column was used and a mixture of methanol-water (30:70) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL.min-1. The column temperature was 25 degrees C and the UV detection wavelength was 254 nm.

RESULTThe calibration curve was in good linearity over the range of 0.0106-2.12 micrograms with the regression equation Y = 3035. 97 X - 14.85(r = 0.9999). The average recovery was 95.8% (n = 5, RSD = 1.3%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, quick, sensitive and reproducible. In all of the samples, the calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside contents differ markedly.

Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; classification ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ecosystem ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Species Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of propofol on myelin basic protein (MBP) expression in oligodendrocytes of SD rats at different developmental stages.

METHODSThis study was conducted in 3?, 7?, 14? and 21?day?old SD rats (40 in each age group). In each group, the rats were randomized equally into control group and experimental group, and in the control group, the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg medium?long?chain fat emulsion followed by injections at a half dose every 20 min for 8 h; the rats in the experimental group were given injections of propofolmedium (at the initial dose of 25 mg/kg) in the same manner. The transcriptional levels of MBP and caspase?3 in the brain tissues were detected by qRT?PCR, and the protein expression of MBP was with Western blotting and immunehistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with those in the control groups, the expression of MBP mRNA was significantly down?regulated while caspase?3 mRNA was up?regulated in 3?, 7? and 14?day?old rats in the experimental groups (P<0.05). The protein expression of MBP in 7? and 14?day?old rats was significantly decreased in the experimental groups compared with the control groups (P<0.05). The expression of caspase?3 mRNA or MBP protein in 21?day?old rats showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONPropofol can down?regulate the expression of MBP at both the mRNA and protein levels in SD rats, especially in those at 7 and 14 days of age.