Objective To understand the status of hand hygiene(HH) among patients hospitalized in departments of infectious diseases and their families in Yantai City, and provide reference for HH intervention.Methods Patients and their families(n=221) in departments of infectious diseases of secondary and above levels of hospitals as well as infectious diseases hospitals in Yantai in July-August 2015 were selected for questionnaire survey, education and implementation status of HH were investigated;hand bacteriological sampling was performed on some patients and their families (n=62) to investigate effect of hand-washing.Results 61.99% of patients and their families had received verbal HH education, only 18.55% indicated to have seen health care workers(HCWs) to perform the six step hand-washing method;50.68% of the respondents didn't understand the six step hand-washing method, and 85.52% never performed the six step hand-washing, the main reason is that they didn't know how to perform.93.21% of patients(n=206) and their families believed that hand-washing was important.The cognition of HH opportunities in daily life was relatively higher(61.54%-94.51%),and in hospital environment was relatively lower(36.15%-49.23%),only 36.15% of the families washed hands before left the hospital.Unqualified rate of detection results of sampling of hands of patients with infectious diseases and their families was 83.87%.Conclusion Patients with infectious diseases and their families are deficient in HH knowledge and behavior, medical institutions should carry out systematic and standard HH education to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infection.

Objective To know the cosmetics quality in Yunnan Province and to research the security countermeasure in order to protect the the health of people. Methods According to the state,standard test methods and criterion,the physical,chemical,biological and toxicological indicators of cosmetics were determined and evaluated. The results were treated by statistic methods. Results From 1996 to 2005,1 581 cosmetics samples were determined. The eligible rate of the cosmetics samples was 90.1%(1 425/1 581). The eligible rate was increasing from 1996 to 2005(?2=19.487,P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for bacterial endotoxin test of Boric acid rinse.METHODS:According to appendix volumeⅡof Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2005 edition),the tachypleus amebocyte lysate(TAL)method was applied for the pre-inference test and interfence test to investigate non-inference concentration,pH value and sensitivity of TAL.RESULTS:Boric acid did not interfere with TAL and the reaction of bacterial endotoxin at 2 times diluted concentration with pH value adjusted above 6.The sensitivity 0.25 EU?mL-1 of TAL was available.CONCLUSION:The TAL method can control the limit of bacterial endotoxins in Boric acid rinse.

Objective To compare effects of compound Xueshuantong capsule and benazepril on inflammatory cyto-kines in type 2 diabetic patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN), and its therapeutic mechanism thereof. Methods Ninety-four patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into diabetes without albuminuria group (DM,n=24) and early DN group (DN,n=70). DN group was then divided into three subgroups:group A (n=24) treated by benazepril alone, group B (n=22) treated by compound Xueshuantong capsule and group C (n=24) treated by compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with benazepril for 3 months. Levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitro-gen, lipid profiles, fibrinogen and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were examined before and after treatment. The se-rum levels of hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were determined as well. Results The serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly higher in DN group than those of DM group (P<0.01). After treatment, the serum levels of UAER, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly re-duced in groups A, B and C compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), and which were decreased more significantly in group C. The levels of blood lipids and fibrinogen decreased obviously in group C compared with those of group A and B ( P<0.01). Conclusion Compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with benazepril not only can improve the blood fat and high coagulation state in patients, but also impossibly retard the development of early DN through decreasing serum concen-trations of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-αand inhibiting inflammatory reaction.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of triamcinolone acetonide acetonide ( TAA) and chloramphenicol in the cream. Methods:The chromatographic system consisted of a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol and phosphate buffer with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 240nm, the column temperature was ambient, and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The calibration curve was linear for TAA and chloramphenicol within the concentration range of 6. 12-48. 96 μg·ml-1 and 62. 1-745. 2 μg·ml-1 with the recovery of 99. 7% (RSD=1. 3%, n=9) and 99. 4%(RSD=1. 0%, n=9), respectively. Conclusion: The method is sensitive, accurate and specific, and can be used to control the quality of chloramphenicol and triamcinolone acetonide acetate cream.

Objective To study the results using T-tube and retroperitoneal space drainage to manage perforating injury of the distal common bile duct(PIDC) during common bile duct(CBD) exploration.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 12 patients who were diagnosed to suffer from PIDC during CBD exploration from 2010 to 2012.Result All these 12 patients who received T-tube and retroperitoneal space drainage,gastrointestinal decompression,nutritional support and antibiotics recovered uneventfully.Conclusion Given that the CBD was unobstructed,T-tube and retroperitoneal space drainage was an good treatment for patients with PIDC.

Objective The status quo of multidimensional life satisfaction of college medical students understanding and its influ‐ence on mental health and to provide the scientific basis for the implementation of school mental health education .Methods 810 medical science college level students were measured with satisfaction status and mental health survey with self‐designed question‐naire and life satisfaction scale (MSLSS) ,mental health assessment scale (SCL‐90);Use SPSS19 .0 to establish a database for t test ,variance analysis ,correlation analysis and regression analysis ,descriptive etc .Results College level medical students in differ‐ent gender ,native place (birthplace) ,parents′educational level ,family economic status ,and whether the only child ,whether there are differences in the student cadre ,whether or not to participate in social practice life have different satisfaction score ;life satisfac‐tion scores and symptom self evaluation scale (SCL‐90) score of each factor were negatively related (P<0 .01) .Conclusion The current status of life satisfaction of medical students directly affect their psychological health .The intervention of medical students life satisfaction is an important means to promote mental health .

Objective:To investigate the effects of the proportional imbalance of Th1/Th2 in allergic asthma model by transferring the recombinant of PcDNA3.0/p27kip1 eukaryotic expressing plasmid into allergic asthma model.Methods:KM mice were distributed into three groups:healthy control mice(group A);Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized/challenged mice(group B) and OVA-sensitized/challenged mice intratracheally administered with PcDNA3.0/p27kip1 plasmid(plasmid-treated mice,group C).KM mice were sensitized and challenged intratracheally with OVA,then transfected with the recombinant PcDNA3.0/p27kip1 eukaryotic expressing plasmid which was constructed by our laboratory crew through vein injection.The p27 protein expression in lungs 36 h after transfection was analyzed by Western blot;Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion of CD4 (+)and CD8(+) T lymphocyte subsets in the spleen.The serum levels of IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 and IFN-? were measured by ELISA.Results:Compared to the group A,the expression of p27 protein was significantly reduced,and the proportion of CD4(+)lymphocytes and serum levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly higher but CD8(+)lymphocytes and IFN-? was significantly decreased in group B.However,in group C,the expression of p27 protein was significantly increased;Whereas the proportion of CD4 (+) lymphocytes,serum levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly decreased.CD8 (+) lymphocytes and IFN-? were significantly increased than those in group B.Conclusion:p27 could be expressed in lungs of plasmid-treated mice and regulate the proportion of Th1/Th2 subset by means of adjusting cell cycles.This method may serve as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of asthma.

Objective To observe the effect of Ro 20-1724 on social interaction ability of developing rats after repeated ketamine anesthesia.Methods 32 rats with 21 days old were randomly divided into four groups,control group (C group),ketamine group (K group),ketamine + Ro 20-1724 group (K + R group),ketamine + ethanol group (K + E group).Ethanol was used as a solvent of Ro 20-1724.Ketamine 70 mg· kg-1 was intraperitoneal injected,30 min later,to give or not give Ro 20-1724 0.5 mg · kg-1 or equivalent ethanol solvent for once each day for seven consecutive days.Then the rats were fed for three days.On the fourth day after the last administration,the social interaction ability were assessed in all rats.The expression of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal CA1 region was detected using conventional ELISA.Results Comparing with rats in C group,the time spent on the cage of lifeless body ((60 ± 29) min vs (109 ± 33) min,P ＜ 0.01),unfamiliar rats (103 ±35)min vs (151 ±42)min,P＜0.01;((123 ±34)min vs (184 ±46) min,P＜0.05) and familiar rats (89 ± 25) min vs (140 ± 38) min,P ＜ 0.01) in the social interaction test was significantly less in K group.The time spent significantly prolonged in group K + R,comparing with K group (lifeless body:(94 ± 34) min vs (60 ±29) min,P＜0.01) ;unfamiliar rat 1:(140 ±41) min vs (103 ±35)min,P＜0.05) ;unfamiliar rat 2:(171 ±45)min vs (123 ±34)min,P＜0.01) ; familiar rat:(133 ±35)min vs (89 ±25) min,P＜0.01).And there was no difference between K group and K + N group (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of BDNF in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly lower in K group,comparing with C group ((8.6 ± 2.7) ng/ml vs (11.8 ± 2.4) ng/ml,P ＜0.01) ; and there was a significant increase in K + R group,comparing with K group ((10.1 ± 3.6) ng/ml vs (8.6 ± 2.7) ng/ml,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ro 20-1724 significant rescued social interaction impairment induced by ketamine anesthesia in developing rats.And BDNF in hippocampal CA1 region contribute to the reversal process.

Objective: To explore the correlations between alexithymia, with mental health and personality character of patients with asthma. Methods: 52 patients with asthma were assessed with TAS, SCL-90 and EPQ-RSC. Results: Compared with normal model control, patients with asthma showed alexithymia. There was negative correlation between the total score of TAS,Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and EPQ-E, Ⅲ and EPQ-N. There was positive correlation between the total score of TAS,Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and N, Ⅱ, Ⅳ with EPQ-P. There was positive correlation between the total scores of TAS and the factors of SCL-90 except phobia. There was positive correlation between I,Ⅱ,Ⅳ and somatozation, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism; Ⅲ, Ⅳ were positively correlated with obsessive-compulsive, paranoid ideation, psychoticism; Ⅳ was positively correlated with interpersonal sensitivity, hostility. Conclusion: Patients with asthma have alexithymia. There is close relation between alexithymia, mental health and personality traits.