Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Gold Theragran in the protection of renal function,and the inhibition of renal local rennin angiotensin(RA)system in the early diabetic nephropathy(DN),and to provide the theoretical and experimental data for clinical application to prevent the DN.Methods:The experimental rats consisted of 64 healthy SD rats,average 180-220g,female and male both a half,rat model of DN was established by improved method of YANG Junwei,s method of intraperitoneal injection of STZ after nephrectomy.8 Rats was taken as normal group,the rest of them were randomly divided into 5 groups:high,middle and low dose groups of Gold Theragran,Valsartan group,model group.In each group,blood glucose,blood lipids,urine microalbumin per 24 hours,KW/BW,renal angiotensin converting enzyme,plasma and renal angiotensin Ⅱ,and its type 1 receptor were observsd and measured.Results:①Rat's general status in each treatment group was improved compared with the DN model group.②The levels of serum glucose decreased in all treatment groups,especially the high-dose group and mid-dose group were significant(P0.05).③The levels of abnormally high lever of TG,TC decreased in treatment groups,especially the high-dose group and mid-dose group were significant(P0.05).The high-dose group had further function to regulate the lipids in the 28th day than in the 7th day(P0.05).Conclusion:Firstly,Gold Theragran had a therapeutic effect of protecting the renal function on the experimental DN rats;Secondly,Gold Theragran can inhibit the abnormal state of activated rennin angiotensin system in diabetic nephropathy,delay the development of diabetic nephropathy;Thirdly,with the treatment course prolonged,the effective of Gold Theragran might be more obvious,and different dose groups show dose-effect-dependent relationship.

Tumor thermal-treatment instrument is a newly developed medical instrument using HIFU technology. On the basis of a brief introduction of the system structure, this paper emphasizes the computer aided-therapy system applying a lot of computer technologies such as digital signal processing, digital signal communication computer aided design, artificial intelligence and database management system. Finally a concise therapy process using computer aided-therapy system is also introduced.
Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Systems ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Therapy, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; instrumentation

TGF-beta, as an inhibitor of hemopoiesis, excreted by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, down-regulates the expression of cytokines such as Flt-3 ligand, SCF, IL-3 etc on the stem and progenitor cells. The effect of anti-TGF-beta antibody on ex vivo expansion and expression of adhesive molecules on cord blood CD34(+) cells was studied in this research. The CD34(+) cells from six units of fresh umbilical cord blood were enriched by density gradient sedimentation and purified by miniMACS cell isolation system, and plated them into the SFEM serum free culture system which containing SCF, Flt-3L, TPO and IL-3 in the condition of 37 degrees C, 5% CO2, and saturated moisture. There were three groups in this experiment: (1) blank group: same as the culture system described above; (2) control group: added with normal rabbit IgG into the mentioned culture system; (3) test group: the same culture system with anti-TGF-beta1 antibo-dy. Cultured for 6 days, the number of mononuclear cells (MNC) was counted, the expression of CD34 antigen, CD117 (c-kit) antigen, CD11a antigen, CD49d antigen and CD33 antigen was tested with FCM. Meanwhile, cells of the three groups were plated in the methylcellulose culture system for 14 days, the number of CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, CFU-GM was counted. The results indicated that the expansion multiples of MNC, CD34(+) cells, CD34(+)c-kit(+) cells, CFU-GEMM in the test group (41.82 +/- 13.49, 15.62 +/- 6.95, 13.36 +/- 6.12, 11.07 +/- 4.05) were significantly higher than in the control group (28.86 +/- 9.03, 10.40 +/- 4.98, 9.04 +/- 4.40, 6.36 +/- 2.37) (P = 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.002) respectively. The expansion multiple of more primitive CD34(+)c-kit(-) subpopulation in the test group (69.10 +/- 41.06) was even higher than in the control group (27.29 +/- 10.40) (P = 0.024). Adhesion molecule expression on the CD34(+) cells after short-term expansion: the expression of CD11a on the CD34(+) cells of the original cord blood was (61.73 +/- 4.13)%, and CD49d was (55.12 +/- 5.22)%. After expansion in each group the expression of CD11a on the CD34(+) cells did not change with statistical significance (P > 0.05), the expression of CD49d increased (P < 0.05). Compared with blank group and control group, anti-TGF-beta antibody did not impact on the expression of CD11a and CD49d (P > 0.05). It is concluded that anti-TGF-beta antibody can synergize other cytokines to effectively enhance the proliferation of cord blood NC, CD34(+) cells, progenitor subpopulation of CD34(+)c-kit(-) cells, and increase the output of more primitive progenitor colony, CFU-GEMM and BFU-E. At the same time, anti-TGF-beta antibody did not depresss the expression of adhesion molecules on CD34(+) cells.
Antibodies ; pharmacology ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; CD11a Antigen ; analysis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; analysis ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Integrin alpha4 ; analysis ; Pregnancy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; analysis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; immunology

Objective To construct luciferase reporter plasmids of truncated fragments of different lengths of human guanylate binding protein 5(GBP5)gene promoter and analyze the transcriptional activity of each fragment to determine the core regulatory region.Methods GBP5promoter sequence was amplified by PCR,truncated into five fragments of different lengths and connected to pGL3-basic plasmid.The constructed recombinant plasmids pGL3-GBP5-11/21/31/41/51were transfected into 293FT cells and detected for luciferase activity.The binding sites of transcription factors in GBP5promoter region were predicted by JASPAR software,and Yin-Yang transcription factor 1(YY1)targeting the core regulatory region was selected and verified for the transcriptional regulatory activity.The CDS sequence of YY1 was amplified by PCR to construct the overexpression plasmid pIRES2-EGFP-YY1,which was then co-transfected to 293FT cells with plasmids pGL3-GBP5-21(-1 623 ～ +47 bp)and internal reference plasmid pRL-CMV,and detected for luciferase activity to analyze the regulation of transcription factor YY1 on GBP5 promoter activity.Results Colony PCR and double enzyme digestion identification proved that the plasmid of human GBP5 promoter reporter gene was correctly constructed;JASPAR software predicted that there were multiple transcription factor binding sites such as STAT1,YY1 and Foxp3 in GBP5promoter region.Double luciferase activity assay showed that pGL3-GBP5-21(-1 623 ～ +47 bp)showed the highest promoter activity,while the promoter activity of pGL3-GBP5-41(-520 ～ +47 bp)decreased significantly,suggesting that the core region of GBP5 promoter was located at upstream-1 623 ～-520 bp of 5 'UTR;Overexpression of YY1 significantly activated the GBP5 promoter activity and regulated the expression of GBP5.Conclusion The core regulatory region of human GBP5 promoter was located in upstream-1 623 ～-520 bp of the 5 'UTR,with a binding site of transcription factor YY1 existing in this region.Meanwhile,overexpression of YY1 significantly effected the activity of GBP5 promoter.

It has been a long time since ultrasound hyperthermia began to be used in the clinical management of cancers and benign diseases. Numerous biological and clinical investigations have demonstrated that: hyperthermia in the range of 41-45 degrees C can significantly enhance clinical response to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and high-temperature hyperthermia (greater than 65 degrees C) alone is now being used as an alternative to conventional invasive surgery for selective tissue destruction, causing tumor coagulation and necrosis. As a promising noninvasive and effective local therapy, HIFU has attracted great attention. China is advanced in the clinical applications of HIFU. This article gives an introduction of the development and applications of ultrasound hyperthermia technology, and also provides a general review of a selection of ultrasound hyperthermia systems both in clinical use and under development.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; instrumentation ; methods ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of ribavirin aerosol in children with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).

METHODSA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. A total of 119 children with mild HFMD were randomly divided into an observed group (n=59) and a control group (n=60). In the observed group, ribavirin aerosol was given four times within the first hour, followed by once every other hour for the remaining time of the day and day 2; from days 3 to 7, it was given 4 times per day, with 2-3 sprays every time, for 7 days. In the control group, placebo was given in the same way as in the observed group. Additionally, both groups used oral antiviral liquid. The scores of clinical symptoms including oral ulcer, skin rash, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, cough, and fever before and after treatment were recorded to evaluate treatment outcomes. Throat swabs were taken before treatment and 5-7 days after treatment to measure viral load by RT-PCR and to compare the negative conversion rate between the two groups.

RESULTSFifty-seven patients in the observed group and 56 patients in the control group were tested according to the original research design. After 5-7 days of treatment, the observed group had a significantly higher overall negative conversion rate of enterovirus than the control group (P<0.01). The overall marked response rate and overall response rate of the observed group were 89% and 89%, respectively, significantly higher than those of the control group (29% and 43%). During treatment, there were no adverse reactions such as dizziness, vomiting, and notable decreases in hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSRibavirin aerosol can be effectively and safely used for treating mild HFMD. With low dosage and few adverse reactions, it holds promise for clinical application.

Aerosols ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Base Sequence ; Biopsy ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphogranuloma Venereum ; etiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Objective:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the common complications in critically ill septic patients, which is associated with increased risks of death, cardiovascular events, and chronic renal dysfunction. The duration of AKI and the renal function recovery status after AKI onset can affect the patient prognosis. Nevertheless, it remains controversial whether early recovery status after AKI is closely related to the prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI). In addition, early prediction of renal function recovery after AKI is beneficial to individualized treatment decision-making and prevention of severe complications, thus improving the prognosis. At present, there is limited clinical information on how to identify SA-AKI patients at high risk of unrecovered renal function at an early stage. The study aims to investigate the association between early recovery status after SA-AKI, identify risk factors for unrecovered renal function, and to improve patients ' quality of life.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of septic patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and developed AKI within the first 48 hours after ICU admission in the Second Xiangya Hospital and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2015 to March 2017. Sepsis was defined based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). AKI was diagnosed and staged according to the 2012 Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline. SA-AKI patients were assigned into 3 groups including a complete recovery group, a partial recovery group, and an unrecovered group based on recovery status at Day 7 after the diagnosis of AKI. Patients ' baseline characteristics were collected, including demographics, comorbidities, clinical and laboratory examination information at ICU admission, and treatment within the first 24 hours. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of death and chronic dialysis at 90 days, and secondary outcomes included length of stay in the ICU, length of stay in the hospital, and persistent renal dysfunction. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of early recovery status after AKI and to determine the risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. Sensitivity analysis was conducted in patients who still stayed in hospital on Day 7 after AKI diagnosis, patients without premorbid chronic kidney disease, and patients with AKI Stage 2 to 3.Results:A total of 553 SA-AKI patients were enrolled, of whom 251 (45.4％), 73 (13.2％), and 229 (41.4％) were categorized as the complete recovery group, the partial recovery group, and the unrecovered group, respectively. Compared with the complete or partial recovery group, the unrecovered group had a higher incidence of 90-day mortality (unrecovered vs partial recovery or complete recovery: 64.2％ vs 26.0％ or 22.7％; P<0.001) and 90-day composite outcome (unrecovered vs partial recovery or complete recovery:65.1％vs 27.4％or 22.7％;P<0.001). The unrecovered group also had a shorter length of stay in the hospital and a larger proportion of progression into persistent renal dysfunction than the other 2 groups. After adjustment for potential confounders, patients in the unrecovered group were at an increased risk of 90-day mortality (HR=3.50, 95％ CI 2.47 to 4.96, P<0.001) and 90-day composite outcome (OR=5.55, 95％CI 3.43 to 8.98, P<0.001) when compared with patients in the complete recovery group, but patients in the partial recovery group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Male sex, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, respiratory rate>20 beats per minute, anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, need for mechanical ventilation, and AKI Stage 3 were identified as independent risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. The sensitivity analysis further supported that unrecovered renal function after AKI remained an independent predictor for 90-day mortality and composite outcome in the subgroups. Conclusion:The early recovery status after AKI is closely associated with poor prognosis in critically ill patients with SA-AKI. Unrecovered renal function within the first 7 days after AKI diagnosis is an independent predictor for 90-day mortality and composite outcome. Male sex, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, tachypnea, anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory failure, and severe AKI are risk factors for unrecovered renal function after AKI. Therefore, timely assessment for the renal function in the early phase after AKI diagnosis is essential for SA-AKI patients. Furthermore, patients with unrecovered renal function after AKI need additional management in the hospital, including rigorous monitoring, avoidance of nephrotoxin, and continuous assessment for the renal function, and after discharge, including more frequent follow-up, regular outpatient consultation, and prevention of long-term adverse events.

To review the research progress of anticancer realgar preparations from the perspective of patent，in order to provide a reference for the research of new antitumor realgar drugs. IncoPat database was retrieved with keywords plus IPC classification number. Original data and 72 patents of anti-cancer realgar preparations were obtained and included after artificial denoising. The quantitative analysis was made on the information about application trends，application types and patentee. The technical points of representative patents were summarized. ① The patent types of anticancer realgar preparations are mainly product patents. Its technological innovation has undergone the development of realgar compound agents，arsenic sulfide single agents，nanometer products of realgar agents，bioleaching of realgar preparations，compound realgar extract preparations，compound nano realgar preparations and arsenic sulfide polymorphic crystalline structure. ② Nano realgar agents， realgar bioleaching preparations， new crystalline type realgar preparations and realgar compound preparations. ③ The following studies should be strengthened in the future，involving the comparison of biological effects and toxicity of nano realgar preparations of different preparation processes，the selection of optimal particle size，the druggability of realgar bioleaching preparations，the discovery of new As₄S₄ crystalline forms and the secondary development of anticancer realgar preparations.

OBJECTIVETo explore Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome distribution of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers in immunotolerant phase (ITP).

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-five chronic HBV carriers in ITP, seen in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from May 2009 to December 2010, were admitted in an observational study under the guidance of CM. Patients' CM symptoms and signs, demographics, liver biochemistries, and qualitative HBV DNA were recorded in the questionnaires. CM syndromes were then differentiated to 15 detailed types and analyzed by generalization. Lastly, the location, pathogenic factors and nature of the disease were also assessed.

RESULTSWhen CM syndrome patterns were differentiated to 15 types, there were 27 (15%) no syndrome cases, 94 (50%) single syndrome cases and 64 (35%) compound syndromes cases. The main detailed syndromes included Liver (Gan)-qi depression (LQD), Kidney (Shen)-qi deficiency (KQD), Spleen (Pi)-qi deficiency (SQD) and Kidney-yang deficiency (KYAD). After CM syndromes generalized to five types, their frequency was Spleen-Kidney deficiency (SKD)>LQD>inner dampness-heat retention (IDHR)>Liver-Kidney deficiency (LKD)>blood stasis blocking collateral (BSBC). SKD and LQD occupied 64%. The disease location included Liver, Gallbladder (Dan), Spleen, Stomach (Wei) and Kidney. The pathogenic factors were mainly qi stagnation, qi deficiency, yang deficiency, concurrently dampness-heat and blood stasis. The deficiency syndrome was more than excess syndrome in its nature.

CONCLUSIONSMost of chronic HBV carriers in ITP have their CM syndrome, and the most common types are SKAD, LQD. This study suggests that the natural history may be improved through breaking the state of immune tolerance or shorten the time of ITP by strengthening Spleen-Kidney and reliving Liver qi.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Carrier State ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; physiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Liver ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome ; Viscera ; pathology ; Young Adult