Objective To explore the efficient, cheaper and practical water treatment process in removing algae toxins. Methods The different water treatment methods were used and the optimal combination was selected. The removing efficiency for different processes was compared and validated by beaker test. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted in microcystin testing. Results Coagulating sedimentation could remove a small part of microcystin (removing efficiency was from 4.3% to 29.7% ). When oxidants were applied in pretreatment processes, such as ozone combined with coagulant, 83.3% to 91.9% microcystin could be removed. The cost-benefit analysis showed these processes only increased 0.03 to 0.14 yuan RMB cost per cubic meter of water, for example, by using ozone pretreatment and oxidation plus adsorption processes. Conclusion On the basis of general water treatment, ozone(O3), potassium permanganate(KMnO4), chlorine, dioxide(ClO2)and powdered activated carbon(PAC) are effective for removing microcystin in pretreatment processes and the processes are cheaper and practical.

0.05).Conclusion The peaked tympanogram of 1 000 Hz probe tone tympanometry in infants indicates normal results while flat tympanograms and other irregular shapes are abnormal.The middle ear functions are affected with flat tympanograms.The 1 000 Hz probe tone tympanometry is a valuable diagnostic tool to evaluate the middle ear functions in infants while 226 Hz probe tone tympanometry is considered inappropriate for infants.The 1000Hz tympanometry is more sensitive than ABR Wave Ⅰlatency and DPOAE responses.

Clarithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

In recent years, the in silico epitopes prediction tools have facilitated the progress of vaccines development significantly and many have been applied to predict epitopes in viruses successfully. Herein, a general overview of different tools currently available, including T cell and B cell epitopes prediction tools, is presented. And the principles of different prediction algorithms are reviewed briefly. Finally, several examples are present to illustrate the application of the prediction tools.

Objective To cleave double-stranded RNA(dsRNA) into small interference RNAs(siRNAs) that can target multiple sites within an mRNA.Methods A549 cells were isolated to incubate with 5 g/L IL-1? for different times to detect the time-dependent expression of COX-2.To generate the long dsRNA,the COX-2 gene(728 bp) was amplified by PCR with a specific forward primer that contained a T7 promoter and a specific reverse primer that contained an SP6 promoter.Then,sense strand RNAs were generated by T7 RNA polymerase and antisense strands RNAs were generated by SP6 RNA polymerase.These single strands RNAs were annealed by the standard method.We mixed dsRNA with Dicer in reaction buffer.We recovered siRNAs using RNA Purification Column.Transfections with diced siRNAs were performed using the TransMessenger Transfection Reagent in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.COX-2 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.PGE2 was measured by ELISA.Results IL-1? induced COX-2 protein expression in A549 cells.We recovered siRNAS that have been generated in vitro by Dicer.D-siRNAs significantly suppress the expression of COX-2 in human pulmonary epithelial.Conclusion D-siRNAs significantly suppress the expression of COX-2 in human pulmonary epithelial.

Objective To study the effect of nerve growth factor on airway inflammation and Th1/Th2 cells immune imbalance.Methods(1)32 SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly:asthma,control,NGF,anti-NGF-antibody groups.The asthmatic model were established by inhalation and injection of ovalbumin.(2)We investigated the expression of NGF mRNA in the lungs in asthma and control groups by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).(3)In the lungs of the four groups,the expression of interferon-?(IFN-?,one of the Th1 cytokines),interleukin-4(IL-4,one of the Th2 cytokines)mRNA was detected by RT-PCR too.Results(1)As compared with the control group,NGF mRNA was significantly enhanced in the asthma group[(90.4?7.6)% vs(51.8?12.3)%,P

Objective To study the clinical effect of endoscopic therapy in the patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Totally 289 patients with SAP were divided into endoscopic therapy and control groups in random.The patients in control group received conventional medications.The patients in endoscopic group not only received conventional medications but also took endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST),removing stones,endoscopic nasobile or nasopancreatic drainage within 72 h after onset.The remission time of abdominal pain and distention,the duration of serum amylase back to normal,APACHEⅡscores,hospitalization days and expenditure were compared between two groups.Results The remission time [(10.5?3.0) day] of abdominal pain and distention in endoscopic group was significantly lower than that [(12.4?6.8) day] of control group,P

Objective To examine the effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA, K~+ channel blocker) on pancreatic ?-cell apoptosis and explore the mechanism. Methods Mouse ? cells (NIT cells) were exposed to streptozotocin(STZ) to induce apoptosis, and TEA of different concentrations were applied along with STZ to prevent efflux of intracellular K~+. Cells were stained with annexin V, PI and rhodamine 123. Flow cytometer (FCM) was used to determine the percent of apoptotic or viable cells and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. Culture media was collected to quantify the content of NO and ROS produced by NIT-cells. Cells were collected for detecting the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) in cells lysates. Results STZ induced apoptosis of NIT cells significantly (P

AIM:To investigate the effect of case-based learning ( CBL) teaching combination with paper review method in the teaching of ophthalmology residents. ·METHODS:The study was conducted from 2015 to 2016. The residents in Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital were included in the research. During the year of 2015, the traditional lecture-based learning ( LBL) method was applied (as a control group). During the year of 2016, the CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method was applied (as an experimental group). At the end of the course, exams and questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the teaching effect of two different methods. The exams consisted of theoretical and operational assessment. The teaching satisfactions, learning interests, scientific research interests and clinical abilities were included in the questionnaires. The data was analyzed by SPSS 16. 0. ·RESULTS:The results of final exams indicated that the scores of the experimental group (88. 2±6. 5) were higher than the control group ( 75. 6 ± 6. 0 ). The difference showed statistically significant (t=6. 68, P<0. 05). The results of questionnaires indicated that students showed much more satisfied with CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method ( 91%) than traditional teaching method (50%, x2 =8. 84, P<0. 05). Students in the experimental group improved learning interest ( x2 =6. 29, P<0. 05), increased research interest (x2=4. 54, P<0.05) and approved clinical ability (x2 =4. 25, P<0. 05). The comparison of two groups showed the statistically difference (P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method is beneficial to improve the teaching effect, and it is also beneficial to train residents'clinical skills and research abilities.

Objective To investigate the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) manifestations and clinical value of interventional embolization of renal artery with severe hemorrhage following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Methods 34 patients with severe hemorrhage following PCNL from Feb 2012 to Jun 2015 were subjected to perform renal arterial DSA, which was followed by super-selective renal arterial embolization (SRAE) with steel micro-coils and guglielmi detachable coils together with or without biological glue (GLUBRAN2). The patients were followed up for 6 ~ 12 months.Results Of the 34 patients, DSA examination showed that renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) was found in 22 (64.7%), renal arteriovenous ifstula (RAVF) in 8 (23.5%) and RAP associated with RAVF in 4 (11.8%). Successful embolization with single session was achieved in all 34 patients. Both the technical success rate and the hemostasis rate were 100.0%. Meanwhile, the renal tissue and function were mainly reserved and no serious complication of embolization was observed. No hematuria recurrence or renal function failure appeared in all patients during the follow-up period. In 26 patients, different degree of embolism syndrome was observed after the treatment.Conclusions Renal artery pseudoaneurysm and renal arteriovenous ifstula are the main types of renal artery injury resulting in severe hemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Super-selective renal arterial embolization (SRAE) with steel micro-coils and guglielmi detachable coils together with or without biological glue (GLUBRAN2) is a minimally invasive method that can promptly stop the renal bleeding, and preserve the renal tissue and function to the greatest possible advantage. Therefore, this technique should be regarded as the ifrst choice in the treatment of the patients who suffered from severe hemorrhage occurred after PCNL.