Tourette syndrome(-TS) is a genetic predisposition,chronic complex neuropsychiatric disease in children.Recent studies focus on the relationship between TS and the genetic variations of susceptibility genes,particularly single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).Highly automated,high accuracy and low cost of SNP detection and analysis technologies have promoted the study of hereditary diseases.The recent research development of SNP in TS related genes was reviewed in the paper.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is one of the important discoveries in the field of environmental microbiology, and it plays an indispensible role in the nitrogen removal from wastewaters and the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Through review research progress in anaerobic ammonia oxidation, an Anammox special issue is published so as to find problems, explore applications and outlook developments. The special issue consists of reviews and original papers, mainly involving in the following aspects: i) enrichment of Anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB); ii) community analysis of AnAOB; iii) preservation of granular AnAOB sludge; iv) effect of organic matter on Anammox; v) application of Anammox process, etc.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; metabolism ; Environmental Microbiology ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; Nitrogen Cycle ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water ; chemistry

'99 Rehabilitation Exercise Program after THA includes myodynamic exercise,range of motion,activity of daily living discipline.The patients begin to do this program as soon as they finish operation.And the whole time is two weeks.The program includes clinostatism and sitting position, standing position and walking exercise.The patients who have done this program can restore affected extremity function quickly, reduce postoperatives and shorten hospitalization dates.The program is feasible in clinic.

OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacokinetic profiles of intravenous busulfan in Chinese pediatric and adult patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). METHODS: Blood samples of 22 pediatric and 9 adult patients were collected following the last dose of a 3-4 d, 12-16 doses intravenous busulfan regimen in children with thalassemia and adult leukemia patients or of a 4 d, once-daily intravenous busulfan regimen in pediatric hematologic malignancies patients. The plasma concentrations of busulfan were determined by LC/MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of busulfan were calculated by DAS. RESULTS: The plasma concentration-time curves after the last dose intravenous busulfan in 31 patients were fitted to a two-compartment model. The main pharmacokinetic parameters in pediatric and adult patients undergoing allo-HSCT were as follow: CL(0.4±0.2) and(0.2±0.1) L·h-1·kg-1, t1/2β(3.3±1.5) and(3.1±0.8) h, Vd(0.6±0.8) and(0.4±0.2) L·kg-1, and Cav(590.4±265.3) and(572.2±214.7) μg·L-1, respectively. The CL after intravenous administration of busulfan was different between pediatric and adult patients(P<0.05). The t1/2β, Vd, CL, K10, and K12 were significantly different(P<0.01) between the pediatric patients with thalassemia and hematologic malignancies. CONCLUSION: The inter- and intra-patient variabilities in the main pharmacokinetic parameters of intravenous busulfan in children and adults are statistically significant. The difference of pharmacokinetic parameters between children with different diseases is obvious. The t1/2β and Vd in pediatric patients with thalassemia have significant reduction. More research is warranted on intravenous busulfan pharmacokinetics in Chinese patients, and therapeutic drug monitoring and appropriate dose adjustment are recommended.

ATP1A3 gene mutations are associated with a wide spectrum of neurological symptoms. This article describes a case in children, which is caused by mutation of ATP1A3 gene. A seven years old boy presented with symptoms of fever-induced generalized dystonia, dysarthria, and paroxysmal weakness. Gene sequencing results showed that the ATP1A3 gene in the boy had heterozygous mutations of c.1838C>T. Combined with the clinical manifestations, gene mutations and literatures, the patient was diagnosed as a phenotypic overlap of an atypical form of rapid onset dystonia-parkinsonism and paroxysmal weakness. The results of genetic testing can contribute to the early diagnosis of patients with atypical and overlapping phenotypes in ATP1A3 spectrum disorder.

Objective To study the effects of electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation on upper extremity functional recovery of acute stroke patients. Methods 60 stroke patients who lost wrist extension even in the electromyography (EMG) within 4 weeks were randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. The experimental group received electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation, and the control group received neuromuscular stimulation. They were assessed with EMG, Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), Barthel index (BI) before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results The EMG, scores of FMA and BI improved in all the patients after treatment (P=0.000), and improved more in the experimental group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation can improve the motor function of hemiplegia, even in the patients without change of EMG.

Millimeter waves therapy (MWT) can improve blood perfusion, function of leukocyte, subside of inflammation, restrain bacterium growth, increase organization's function, encourage the endorphine released, inhibit tumor growth, which can be demonstrating the effects in different parts of the nociceptive system. MWT was reported to be effective on headache, arthritic, neuropathic, acute postoperative pain and cancer pain.

Objective To observe the effect of functional training combined with Chinese medicine hot pack-electrotherapy on knee osteoarthritis. Methods60 patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into two groups. The treatment group was treated with functional training combined with Chinese medicine hot pack-electrotherapy; the control group was treated with Chinese medicine herbs hot pack-electrotherapy only. They were assessed with Lysholm Knee Scale. ResultsAfter treatment, the scores of Lysholm Knee Scale improved significantly in both groups (P=0.000), and more in the treatment group than in the control group (P=0.013). ConclusionFunctional training combined with Chinese medicine hot pack-electrotherapy is an effective and safe treatment for knee osteoarthritis.

ObjectiveThis paper discusses the instructional design of ＂General survey of medical culture＂,to provide the basis for the implementation of the teaching.MethodsThe first round of our teaching situation was concluded,to improve the teaching objectives,content,methods and the content and methods of teaching evaluation.Results The course is a new medical humanities curriculum to improve medical knowledge of the human spirit of nursing students,training the cultural literacy,but the teaching content should be combined with professional features,and teaching evaluation methods should be improved.ConclusionsRigorous designed curriculum,flexible and diverse teaching methods and forms of assessment and suggestions from the students are conducive to the improvement of the course.

Objective:To analyze the indicators and resistance rate of antibacterial drugs for special use in our hospital before and after the implementation of network online approval process to provide reference for the management and rational use of antibacterial drugs for special use. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed, and the consumption amount, sales amount, utilization ratio, AUD, submission rate of microbial specimen and resistance rates for the main pathogenic bacteria of antibacterial drugs and ones for special use were investigated during 2012 and 2015 in our hospital. Results:The approval process of antibacterial drugs for special use developed from handwork to network online. The consumption amount of antibacterial drugs increased slightly year by year from 2012 to 2015 in our hospital, the mean expense of antibacterial drugs for the inpatients increased from 1602. 85 yuan to 1888. 63 yuan,and AUD increased from 54. 50 DDDs/(100 persons × d) to 65. 47 DDDs/(100 persons × d). The sales amount proportion of antibacterial drugs for special use (13. 90%) was the lowest in 2013, and the highest (17. 34%) in 2015, and AUD increased from 4. 85 DDDs/(100 person × d)to 6. 37 DDDs/(100 person × d), and the submission rate of microbial specimen before the treatment increased from 85. 5% to 90. 0%. The main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii,and their ratio had slight change. Except Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance rate of the other four pathogenic bacteria kept increasing, and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to cefepime and carbapenems were over 50%. Conclusion:The approval process management of antibacterial drugs for special use must be strengthened in order to truly a-chieve reasonable use of antibacterial drugs for special use.