The fibre projections of the caudate nucleus to the cerebral cortex and the nonspecific thalamic nucleus in the rabbit were studied by tracing the degenerated axons and terminal fibres from electrolytic lesions in the head portion of the nucleus on sections prepared with Nauta and Glees methods.The results were as follows:The efferent fibres from the head portion of the caudate nucleus were projected to frontal (especially the praecentral areas) and limbic cortex, and terminated in all the layers of the cerebral cortex.The efferent fibres from the head portion of the caudate nucleus were projectet to the centromedian nucleus and parafascicular nucleus of the nonspecific thalamic nuclei.The above observations suggest that the projection of the efferent fibres from the caudate nucleus to the cerebral cortex and nonspecific thalamic nuclei may be a parf of the nonspecific conducting pathway; and the caudate nucleus is not only a part do the extrapyramidal system but a structure of the nonspecific conducting system which may serve as the morphological basis for the role played by the caudate nucleus in the acupunctural analgesia.

Objective To explore the efficacy of captopril and methylprednisolone in the implosive therapy of RNS.Methods 21 cases of RNS who have captopril 1.25 mg/d and intravenous dripping methylprednisolone of 20mg/kg·d sustained 1-2h for 3 days,if non-remissions,using once more after a week.Results 21 cases of children with complete remission in 13 cases,partial remission in 5 cases,non-remission in 3 cases.The overall response rate was 86%.In complete remission 13 cases,4 cases remission after 2 courses treatment,5 cases remission after four courses treatment,4 cases remission after 6 courses treatment.Conclusion Combined captopril with methylprednisolone in treating refractory nephritic syndrome can improve the rate of remission.

Chlamydia ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; physiology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; immunology ; Muramidase ; immunology

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecologic malignancy. Although the overall prognosis of EC patients is relatively good, patients with high-grade, recurrent, metastatic usually have a dismal prognosis. Lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors. However, for patients of early EC, whether lymphadenectomy must to be performed and its extent are still controversial. In this article, the indications of lymphadenectomy for early EC patients, the level of para-aortic lymph node dissection and the application of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) were reviewed respectively.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on immune factor IL-4, TNF-alpha in patients with allergic rhinitis, which provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Thirty-two allergic rhinitis patients were selected and divided into a control group (14 people) and the experimental group (18 people). During the treatment, both groups receive conventional symptomatic treatment. Meanwhile, aerobic exercise therapy is applied to the experimental group for 40 - 60 minutes a day, 3 - 4 days a week. Serum IL-4, TNF-alpha and allergic rhinitis symptoms graded scoring were tested before and after 6 month therapy. RESULT: After six months of exercise intervention, the 11-4, and TNF-alpha levels of experimental group were significantly lower than the level of control group. The symptoms score is also significantly decreased in experimental group. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise had good therapeutic effect in patients with allergic rhinitis. The mechanism may be that aerobic exercise can reduce the level of IL-4 and TNF-alpha, which can relieve infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Exercise ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Male ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; blood ; therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate on radiation induced neural stem cell injury. Methods Brain tissue was obtained from new-born sprague-dawley rats within 24 hours, and the cerebral hemisphere was dissociated to culture the neural stem cells. After being identified by immunofluorescence method, the neural stem cells were randomly divided into 3 groups as blank control group, experimental control group and experimental group. The neural stem cells of experimental control group and experimental group were irradiated with 2 or 4 Gy of gamma rays. The proliferation and the cell cycle of neural stem cells were detected at different time-points ranging from 24 h,48 h, 72 h after irradiation with CCK-8 and FCM. Results Compared with the blank control group, the proliferation rate of experimental control group was significantly reduced ( t = 5. 33-8.44, P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the G1 phase arrest of experimental control group was significantly enhanced ( t = 30. 60-71.22, P ＜ 0. 05 ).Compared with the experimental control group, the proliferation of experimental group significantly increased excluding that of 24 h ( t = 2.45-4. 71, P ＜ 0.05 ), the apoptosis rate of experimental group significantly decreasd (t = 6.73-41.12, P ＜ 0.05 ), which was closer to the blank control group.Conclusion Magnesium sulfate can alleviate the injury of proliferation and decrease the cell apoptosis in the early stage after irradiation.

The receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules.As a pattern recognition receptor,it can bind with a variety of ligands.The adult lung is unique in which it expresses high amounts of RAGE under normal conditions while other tissues express low amounts normally and up-regulate RAGE during pathologic processes.The lung exhibits high basal level expression of RAGE localised mainly in alveolar type I cells,suggesting a potentially important role for the receptor in epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and maintaining lung homeostasis.Indeed,disruption of RAGE levels has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of pulmonary disorders such as acute and chronic lung injury.Furthermore,its soluble form sRAGE,as a decoy receptor,has been shown as an important marker of alveolar epithelial type I cell injury.Studies have suggested that RAGE plays an important role in the biology of the lung and may become a therapeutic target for lung injury.

Objective To investigate the bladder responses to different rates of bladder infusion in healthy and spinal cord injured rats.Methods Fourteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into two groups:healthy group (n =7) and spinal transection injury group (n =7).The intravesical pressures induced by continuous infusion of saline with different rates under general anesthesia were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results In healthy group the responses of bladder contraction were dependent upon the rate of bladder infusion,and contraction time became shorter while increasing the infusion rate (P ＜ 0.05),i.e.contraction time was (401.0±132.4),(215.7 ±95.9),(108.3 ±59.1) and (52.5 ±32.8)s,respectively,when the infusion rate was 0.05,0.1,0.2 and 0.5 mL/min.Compared with healthy group,spinal transection injury group had significantly shorter bladder contraction time (P ＜ 0.05),however the relationship between bladder contraction time and infusion rate was much weakened.Spinal transaction injury rats had significantly lower peak of bladder pressure (P ＜ 0.05) compared with healthy rats.There was no significant difference for contraction durations between the two groups.Conclusions The infusion rates influenced the contraction periods for both healthy and spinal cord injured rats.During bladder infusions with a same rate,the contraction time and the peak of bladder pressure were determined by bladder conditions,i.e.healthy or neurogenic with spinal cord injury.

Objective To develop a multi-parametric objective evaluation protocol and investigate its correlation with perceptual analysis of continuous speech for objectivity and quantitatively. Methods The voice samples were collected from 135 patients with dysphonia and 29 subjects with normal voice. The objective parameters, including fundamental frequency (F 0), intensity, jitter, signal-to-noise ratio, Lyapunov coefficient (LC),oral airflow (OAF), vocal range (Range) and maximum phonatory time (MPT) which were measured mainly on a sustained /a/ and estimated subglottic pressure (ESGP) which was determined on a series of /pa/,were recorded on an "EVA" workstation which was developed in French. According to the G (overall dysphonia) component of the GRBAS score on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 for normal to 3 for severe dysphonia, the perceptual analysis was done by a jury composed of 4 experienced listeners and the voice samples (continuous speech) were from the same patients with normal voices and normal intensity. Results Using the discriminate analysis, a seven parameters protocol (Range, LC, ESGP, MPT, OAF, signal-to-noise ratio and F 0) was developed. Result showed that this protocol allowed 84% concordance with jury classification.Conclusion The objective voice evaluation is multi-parametric and is able to reflet the result of perceptual analysis.

The measures taken by Library of Southern Medical University to improve the use of its electronic re-sources were described according to the major problems in use of electronic resources in domestic college and uni-versity libraries from resources assessment, resources integration and revealing, resources popularization and librarians support, with certain rational suggestions proposed for increasing the utilization ratio of electronic resources, inclu-ding popularization of resources, training of user information literacy, and improvement of users ability.