Aim To observe the thickness changes of cardiomyocyte and microvascular basement membranes(BM)and the expression of collagen Ⅳ in Gk rats of different months and STZ-induced diabetic rats,and to explore the method that operated easily and could assess the thickness of myocardial BM.Methods GK rats of the fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh months,Streptozotocin induced diabetes rats of fifth months and normal Wister rats were respectively divided into different groups with ev eight rats in each group.The myocardial section was stained by methenamine silver and immunohistochemistry was performed for collagen Ⅳ.Left ventricular endocardium was selected as measuring view.Through computer image analysis,the ratio of BM positive staining density(BMPSD)and positive staining density of collagen Ⅳ(CPSD)were calculated separately in all myocardium.Take the ratio to assess the thickness of myocardial BM and the expression of collagen Ⅳ.Results The glycemia,BMPSD and CPSD of the two diabetes rats were higher than those of the normal rats,having highly remarkable difference(P0.05).Conclusion By methenamine silver staining for myocardial section,calculating BMPSD through computer image analysis,can be an index to assess the thickness of myocardial BM.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Recurrence ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To assess the tissue reactions of dogs to a new nanohydroxyapatite. Methods:Three dogs were used for root canal filling experiment, mandibular implanting and subcutaneous implanting experiment. AH-plus root canal sealer was used as control. The dogs were killed after implantation for 2,4 and 12 weeks separately. The tissue reaction was assessed by X-ray and light microscope examination. Results:①Root canal filling experiment: no inflammatory reaction was detected in specimens of n-HA group. In AH-plus group, implantation caused a middling inflammatory reaction after 2 weeks and 4 weeks. After 12 weeks the reaction of apical tissues was slight. ②Mandibular implanting experiment: no inflammatory reaction was showed by all n-HA groups and the group of AH-plus implanted for 12 weeks.Mild inflammatory reaction was observed in the groups of AH-plus implanted for 2 weeks and 4 weeks.③ Subcutaneous implanting experiment:after AH-plus was implanted for 2 weeks and 4 weeks, middling inflammatory reaction was observed. The group of n-HA implanted for 2 weeks showed the same reaction. No obvious inflammatory reaction was found in the other groups. Conclusion:n-HA shows better tissue compatibility than AH-plus.

Gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Decreased insulin sensitivity is a significant etiological factor of T2DM. Adipocytes, myocytes, and hepatocytes are the three major target cells for insulin. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of TMAO on the insulin sensitivity of these target cells. Research results indicate that in different ages of db/db diabetic mice, plasma TMAO levels were increased. TMAO significantly inhibits the insulin signaling pathways in these three major insulin target cells, reduces glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myocytes and downregulates genes related to gluconeogenesis in primary mouse hepatocytes. Furthermore, in mice with normal insulin sensitivity, elevating plasma TMAO levels to those seen in db/db mice using a minipump results in impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia. All animal experiments were carried out with approval of the Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College). Mechanistic studies suggest that TMAO exposure increases the levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in these three major insulin target cells. In summary, TMAO directly attenuates insulin sensitivity in insulin target cells, and its mechanism of action may involve enhancing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Female ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mouth Diseases ; Palate, Soft

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of the high-flux dialysis on maintaining hemodialysis patients. Methods60 hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into the ordinary PMMA membrane dialyzer group,the ordinary polysulfone membrane dialyzer group and the high-flux dialyzer group with 20 patients in each group.Before and after the single hemodialysis,the removing effect of serum β2- microglobulin (β2-MG)in the 3 kinds of dialyzer,and cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein changes after 6 months were compared. ResultsThe ordinary PMMA membrane dialyzer group and high-flux dialyzer group can reduce the concentration of β2-MG,while the high-flux dialyzer group showed more significant effect.On the aspect of lipid metabolism,in the high-flux dialyzer group,serum total cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL levels decreased significantly,while the ordinary dialysis group had no significant change. ConclusionsThe high-flux dialysis can improve the dialysis efficiency,life quality and reduce the complications of patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Central Nervous System ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Female ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; toxicity ; Pesticides ; toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats

In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the subjects and the interests of the whole society , a relaxed and harmonious environment was created to ensure the normal medical research , clini-cal research trials which fit in trial of ethical review. The protocol assessment form and ICF assessment form to review are two cornerstones of protecting subjects. A good ICF assessment form is a necessary means to help improve the quality of the Ethics Committee for review .

Biomedical research involving human subjects must be approved by the ethical review. The method of improving ethics committee members of the examination quality is not only by the members themselves , but also a good plan of the work table, which is also a necessary means to improve the quality of the ethical review.