? Diabetic retinopathy is one of those significant complications of diabetes.With the increasing number of diabetic patients, blind caused by diabetic retinopathy is a serious threat to human health which cannot be neglected, but there is no highly effective treatment for it. Consequently, early detection and preventive treatment for it are important.Currently, studies have found that urine microalbumin had a close relation with diabetic retinopathy and that urine microalbumin might play an important role in early predicting of diabetic retinopathy. The review is about the diagnostic significance of urine microalbumin test for early diabetic retinopathy.

Objective:To investigate the role of sanchi Saponin Rg1 in D-galactose -induced amnesic mice ,and its possible mechanism.Methods:D-galactose was injected by subcutaneous to establish the aging model, and with drug treatment group.The Y-maze tests was performed to evaluate the learning and memory function, spectrophotometry was used to measure abilities of anti-oxidation.ELISA was adopted to evaluate the level of IL-1? and IL-6. Then FCM was applied to assay the index of intracellular calcium and the percentage of neural cell apoptosis.Results:Compared with drug treatment group, the model mice reduced significantly activites of anti -oxidation , the overload of intracelluer calcium and the increase in apoptosis of neural cells as well as the inflammation factor.Conclusion:Sanchi Saponin Rg1 decreased in the content of inflammation factor , the index of intracellular calcium and the percentage of apoptosis in neural cells , possibly by enchancing the antioxidant function.

Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Child ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Platelet Count ; Thrombocytopenia ; etiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of serum of myasthenia gravis patients, and to identify the differential proteomic expressions between normal persons and myasthenia gravis patients with spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome. METHODS: Samples of serum protein were extracted by repeated freeze-thaw method and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Differential proteomic expressions between the myasthenia gravis patients and the normal control persons were identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, silver staining, image-master 2-DE software analysis, peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), BioWorks and NCBI software database searching. RESULTS: The two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of serum proteins were successfully established by 2-DE. Twenty-one of the significant differential proteins were selected and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Eight of them were finally identified. CONCLUSIONS: The 2-DE profiles of serum proteins were established and the differential proteomic expressions were identified by proteome technique in our study. This can be an experimental basis for further research of the pathogenesis and treatment of myasthenia gravis.

Clarithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To analyze electrophysiology of peripheral nerve in uremic patients. Methods 24 uremic patients and 19 normalvolunteers were included, surface electrodes were used to observe the electrophysiology performance, including tibial nerve, peroneal nerve,sural nerve and skin sympathetic response. Results The motor conduction, sensory conduction and skin sympathetic response were significantlydifferent between uremia patients and normal volunteers (P<0.05). The electrophysiology performance showed that F wave latencyprolonged, nerve conduction slowed, distal latencies prolonged, sensory fibers damaged more serious than motor fibers. Conclusion Peripheralneuropathy is one of the most common complications in uremia patients, neural electrophysiological abnormalities are significantly earlierthan clinical symptoms, nerve electrophysiological examination is of great significance in diagnosis and evaluation uremic peripheralneuropathy.

Objective To study the effects of benzyl propionate nandrolone (BPN ) on the nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt), insulin receptor substeate-2 (IRS-2 )and pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1)expressions, cell cycle changes as well as insulin secretion in pancreatic islet cell NIT-1 lines, and to explore the influence of BPN in the Nampte xpression in NIT-1 cells and insulin signaling molecules in high glucose oxidation stress.Methods The NIT-1 cells were cultured with different concentrations (5.6,11.1,16.7,and 27.6 mmol·L-1)of glucose,then they were treated with 10 mg·L-1 BPN for 48 h with no BPN treatment as corresponding control groups.The expression levels of Nampt,IRS-2,and PDX-1 were tested by Western blotting assay.The changes of cell cycle were determined by FCM and the cell insulin secretion levels were measured with radioimmunoassay.Results Compared with corresponding control groups,the expression levels of Nampt,IRS-2, and PDX-1 proteins in the NIT-1 cells in various BPM groups were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The G0/G1 phase arrest was relieved (P<0.01)when the cells was cultured in low glucose (5.6 mmol·L-1 )condition,and the G2/M block was remitted significantly in high glucose (27.6 mmol·L-1 )condition (P<0.01),furthermore, the cell insulin secretion was promoted compared with control groups except 1 1.1 mmol· L-1 glucose group (P<0.01).Conclusion BPN can promote the expression levels of Nampt,ISR-2 and PDX-1 proteins in NIT-1 cells. There is close relationship between the Nampt expression in NIT-1 cells and insulin signaling pathway and BPN prevents the cells from insulin resistance.

Objective To study the expressions of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt)in main energy metabolism organs (liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and kidney ) of the rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),and to explore the correlation between the expression and distribution of Nampt and the occurrence of diabetes.Methods The SD rat diabetes model was established by injecting with streptozotcin (STZ).The SD rats were randomly divided into diabetes group and control group. Immunohistochemical Envision staining assay was used to detect the distribution and protein expressions of Nampt in liver,pancreas,muscle,and kidney tissues of the rats,at the same time the blood glucose and serum insulin levels were also be detected. Results The blood glucose level of the rats in diabetes group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01),and the fasting insulin level was lower than that in control group (P<0.01).The Nampt expression in the liver tissue of the rats in diabets group was significantly increased,which distributed near the hepatic sinus in diabetes rats,and the Nampt expression was also increased in skeletal muscle in which the whole cell was thick dying;the Nampt expression mainly distributed in the renal tubular epithelial cells. Compared with control group, the positive expression rates of Nampt in liver,skeletal muscle,and kidney tissues of the rats in diabets group were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was nearly no Nampt expression in pancreas tissue of the rats in diabetes group and the Nampt expression level was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The Nampt expressions are much different in main energy metabolic organs of the rats with diabetes.It is suggested that Nampt may be used as a specific indicative marker in the process of diabetes.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short-term efficacy and long-term preventive effect on recurrence in prevention and treatment of children allergic rhinitis treated with the multiple therapy at Dazhui (GV 14) as the main acupoint and acupoint plaster therapy.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of children allergic rhinitis were randomized into a triple-strong stimulation therapy group and an acupoint plaster therapy group, 60 cases in each one. In the triple-strong stimulation therapy group, Dazhui (GV 14) was the main acupoint, combined with one of Feishu (BL 13), Zhiyang (GV 9) and Shenshu (BL 23) accordingly. The heavy needling technique was adopted with the three-edged needle, followed by heavy cupping and heavy moxibustion. The treatment was given once every 3 days, continuously for 10 times. In the acupoint plaster therapy group, the acupoints selected were same as the triple-strong stimulation therapy group. The self-prepared Chinese herbal plaster was used, 4 h to 8 h each one time, once every 3 days, continuously for 10 times. The changes in the symptom and physical sign scores were observed before treatment, after treatment and in 6 months follow-up visit after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment and in 6 months follow-up visit after treatment, the symptom scores, physical sign scores and symptom scores of each item were different signi ficantly as compared with those before treatment in the triple-strong stimulation therapy group (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the results in the triple-strong stimulation therapy group were better than those in the acupoint plaster therapy group (all P<0.01). In 6 months follow-up visit, the total effective rate was 94.6% (53/56) in the triple-strong stimulation therapy group and was 25.9% (15/58) in the acupoint plaster therapy group, indicating the significant difference (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe triple-strong stimulation therapy at Dazhui (GV 14) achieves the superior effect on the prevention and treatment of children allergic rhinitis as compared with the acupoint plas ter therapy and has good long-term effect of the prevention from recurrence.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; prevention & control ; therapy

Objective To explore the lymphcyte subsets distribution in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with HIV infection ,and to investigate the clinical significance of the lymphocyte subsets in cerebrospinal fluid in HIV central nervous system complication . Methods 34 patients with HIV infection ,including 20 patients without nervous system symptoms (simple HIV group) and 14 pa‐tients with nervous system symptoms (neurological HIV group) ,and 15 cases of healthy people (control group) were selected . Flow cytometry was used to detect lymphocyte subsets ,and immunoturbidimetry was used to detect the level of IgG in cerebrospinal fluid .Results The percentage of CD8+ T cells was higher and percentage of CD4+ T cells was lower in the simple HIV group and neurological HIV group than those in the healthy control ,with statistically significant differences (P<0 .01) .The level of IgG in pa‐tients with HIV infection was higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0 .01) .While no significant difference were found in the percentage of B cells and NK cells among the there group (P>0 .05) .There were also no significant differece between the sim‐ple HIV group and neurological HIV group in the ratio of each lymphcyte subset in cerebrospinal fluid (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The immune disorder in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with HIV infection may appear in the early time before the nervous system com‐plication .The changing trends of lymphocyte subsets are consistent with the peripheral blood ,which demonstrate that the T lym‐phocyte subsets may be correlated with the nervous system symptoms of HIV .