Medication has become the first-line option for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) for its advantages in controlling the symptoms, inhibiting BPH progression, and reducing serious complications and surgical risks. Recent years have witnessed remarkable achievement in the studies of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in the treatment of LUTS/BPH. PDE5-Is can effectively alleviate LUTS/BPH, with even better efficacy when combined with al-ARAs.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Mast-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Cutaneous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Systemic ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Radiography ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spleen ; pathology ; surgery ; Splenectomy ; Tryptases ; metabolism

Experiment teaching is a most important item of college teaching, and plays a vital and unexchangeable role to train students for their ability to practice and to innovate. To construct a feasible and scientific examination system of experiment teaching, will significantly help deepen the reformation of experiment teaching and improve the teaching quality. So according to the request for cultivating qualified ap- plication person, we preliminarily constitute the valuation system throughout the whole course and in the final, of theoretic examination and practice examination, and combined with students’ self-valuation and valuation from teachers. In fact, the system works well with a perfect effect.

Objective To explore the rehabilitation needs and its influential factors of adults with physical disability in Shanghai, and to provide evidence for decision-making of the precise rehabilitation service. Methods From November to December, 2016, the rehabilitation demands, utilization rate and its influential factors of 390 registered people with physical disability were investigated with a questionnaire. Results The service of occupational rehabilitation met 62.34%and educational rehabilitation met 52.00%of the needs of adults with physi-cal disability at the age of 18 to 40 years. The service of occupational rehabilitation met 38.71%and educational rehabilitation met 35.29%of the needs of adults with physical disability of grade two. The main obstacle to the service utilization wasDo not know(67.34%). As a part ofotherreason, the cumulative frequency oftemporarily not neededaccounted for 16.41%in all reasons. Conclusion The rehabili-tation service should focus unmet needs to complete the community rehabilitation and health governance, and optimize the service system.

Objective To evaluate the clinical impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT on patients with suspected cervical cancer recurrence. Methods Fifty-one cervical cancer patients, clinically suspected to have tumor recurrence during follow-up, underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. 18 F-FDG PET/CT results were compared with those of conventional images, as referred to histopathology or clinical follow-up. Impacts of 18F-FDG PET/CT were evaluated based on documented changes of clinical management. Results In total, 43 patients were found to have positive lesions by 18F-FDG PET/CT, in which 40 were true recurrence,but 2 were pelvic abscess and 1 was radiation enterocolitis. Other 8 patients were found negative by 18F-FDG PET/CT and confirmed by pathology or follow-up. In patient-based analyses, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of tumor recurrence were 100% (40/40), 72. 73% (8/11),and 94.12% (48/51) respectively. In 7 patients, the clinical management was changed due to 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT is an efficient tool for determining the recurrence of cervical cancer and instructing the clinical management.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of radiosynovectomy with 32P colloid in haemophilic synovitis of adolescents. MethodsRadiosynovectomy with 32P colloid was primary performed on 26 male haemophilic patients(26 joints),whose average age was 16 years(11 to 21 years).The average dose of 32P colloid was 2.1 mCi(1.0 to 3.0 mCi). Results After 6-month interval,haemarthrosis was reduced by no less than 30% in 23 patients,with a total efficacy of 88.5%.The mean frequency of haemarthrosis was reduced from 1.9 per month of presynovectomy to 0.3 per month of postsynovectomy(P

Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4) in renal fibrotic tissue,and the interaction between CIP4 and β-catenin in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) model of HK-2 cell line.Methods In vivo,the model of renal fibrosis was induced by 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy in rat.Masson staining was used to evaluate the level of renal tissue fibrosis.The expression and distribution of CIP4 was detected by immunohistochemistry.In vitro,the EMT model of HK-2 cell line was induced by TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) for 72 h.Western blotting was used to observe the expression of E-cadherin,β-catenin,CIP4 and α-SMA.Colocalization and interaction of CIP4 and β-catenin were detected by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation respectively.Results Compared to sham group,CIP4 expression was increased in group of 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy,CIP4 was mainly distributed in basolateral side of renal tubular epithelia.In vitro,expressions of α-SMA and CIP4 were increased in HK-2 cells stimulated by TGF-β1 for 72 h (2.5and 1.8 folds,respectively) (all P＜0.05),expression of E-cadherin was decreased(P＜0.05).Partial colocalization between CIP4 and β-catenin was detected by immunofluorescence.In control group,CIP4 and β-catenin partially colocalized at the cell membrane.Mter the stimulation of TGF-β1,translocation to nucleus of CIP4 and β-catenin were increased,and partially colocalized in nucleus.The interaction between CIP4 and β-catenin was observed by immunoprecipitation in both control and TGF-β1 stimulated groups.Conclusions Expression of CIP4 in renal fibrotic tissue is increased,which is mainly distributed in basolateral side of renal tubular epithelia.CIP4 and βcatenin partially colocalize and interact with each other.CIP4 may play a role in EMT process through the interaction with β-catenin.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of melatonin (MT) on nerve cell apoptosis and the expression of bcl-2 and cytochrome C genes in rat cerebrum with deltamethrin induction.

METHODS35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (eight rats per group): olive oil control, deltamethrin-treated (12.5 mg/kg), deltamethrin plus melatonin (25.0 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively) group. Animal models were established by intraperitoneal injection deltamethrin in rats. Nerve cell apoptosis and the protein expression of bcl-2 and cytochrome C genes were detected by flow cytometry with PI staining and immunohistochemistry respectively.

RESULTSCompared with DM group (20.73 +/- 3.34), the positive expression gradation of the bcl-2 protein in nerve cell was increased significantly in MT groups (DM + MT(25) was 45.26 +/- 3.84, DM + MT(50) 39.4 +/- 4.04 and DM + MT(100) 34.4 +/- 4.52) (P < 0.05) but significantly lower than the control group (59.33 +/- 4.03). Compared with DM group (34.86 +/- 4.15), the cytochrome C protein in nerve cell was decreased significantly in MT groups (20.53 +/- 3.17, 28.73 +/- 2.61 and 28.66 +/- 4.82 respectively) (P < 0.05). Compared with DM group (23.06 +/- 3.63), the apoptotic rate in nerve cell was decreased significantly in MT groups [(15.0 +/- 1.77)%, (14.88 +/- 1.84)% and (11.75 +/- 1.93)% respectively] (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMT can protect nerve cell against deltamethrin induced brain injury by inhibiting nerve cell apoptosis, downregulate the protein expression of cytochrome C gene and upregulate the protein expression of bcl-2 gene.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Female ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitriles ; toxicity ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVESTo develop a simple and effective method by which spermatids can be isolated from mouse testis.

METHODSCombination of enzymatic digestion was used to prepare suspension of spermatogenic cells from adult mouse testis, and then a modified discontinuous Percoll gradient (15%, 22%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%) centrifugation method was introduced to isolate spermatids from the cellular suspension. The content of spermatids in each isolated fraction by Percoll method was determined by morphology (Wright-Giemsa staining) and flow cytometry analysis, and the viability of spermatogenic cells was assessed using Eosin Y exclusion test.

RESULTSMore than 97% of the testicular cells remained their viability after enzymatic digestion. After Percoll centrifuged, six fractions were formed. In each isolated fraction, the 22% fraction contained mostly spermatids(mean 86.7%) and cell viability was more than 85.5%. While in the 30% fraction, immature spermatogenic cells were present, and more than 92% of the cells remained their viability.

CONCLUSIONSA large of relatively purified spermatids can be isolated from mouse testis by enzymatic digestion combined discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation method.

Animals ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; methods ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatids ; cytology ; Testis ; cytology