OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract and to optimize the extraction technique.METHODS:The content of baicalin was adopted as index and was deter?mined by HPLC;Single factor test and orthogonal test were employed to optimize the extraction technique.RESULTS:The detected concentration of baicalin showed a good linear relation in the range of0.05912～0.02956mg/ml(r=0.99974),the average recovery was99.5%,RSD=1.10%(n=5);The optimal technique was twice recirculation in water solvent14times the amount of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi flour,each time for1hour.CONCLUSION:The established method is conve?nient,and the extraction technique is stable,reasonable and practicable.

Objective To discuss the selection of operation methods of total hysterectomy in obese women. Methods We reviewed clinical data of 116 obese women with the body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m~2 treated with total hysterectomy. According to the operative procedure, 56 women underwent the vaginal total hysterectomy (Vaginal Group) and 60 women, abdominal total hysterectomy (Abdominal Group). Intra- and post-operative records were compared between the two groups. Results As compared with the Abdominal Group, the Vaginal Group presented a significantly shorter operation time (t=-3.693,P=0.000) and hospital stay (t=-7.019, P=0.000), a significantly less intraoperative blood loss (t=-4.006,P=0.000), and a significantly lower postoperative pyrexia rate (?~2=4.388,P=0.036) and complication rate (?~2=5.243,P=0.022). Conclusions Vaginal hysterectomy is superior to abdominal hysterectomy in obese women, but should be used with caution in those with severe adhesions or multiple abdominal operation history.

The pharmacokinetics of ketamine were studied in 8 preschool children,aged 3.5～6 years. The ketamine was administrated by I. V. infusion at a dose of 3mg?kg~(-1) in one hour constantly. The plasma concentrations of ketamine were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The disposition of intravenous infusion with ketamine could be described by two-compartment open model, and the variables of pharmacokinetics of ketamine were as follows: T_(1/2?)=0.15?0.04 hours,T_(1/2?)=2.84?0.44 hours,Cl=0.34?0.06L?kg~(-1)?h~(-1), AUC=9.21?1.00mg/L?h, and V_d=0.66?0.29 L?kg~(-1). This suggests that intravenous infusion of ketamine at 3mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1) is safe for the maintenance of general anesthesia in preschool children, attention must he paid to the children anesthetized with long period of ketamine infusion because recovery may be delayed due to the prolonged elimination half-life.

Objective: To determine the influence of ?-hydroxybutyric sodium (7-OH)on the pharmacokinetics of ketamine infusion in preschool children. Method: Sixteen patients were randomly assigned to group Ⅱ (Ketamine) and group Ⅱ (Ketamine plus ?-OH). After trachea intubation,0.05% ketamine was infused in both groups at 3mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1) and ?-OH 125mg?kg~(-1) only in group Ⅱ. The plasma concentration of ketamine was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using 3P_(87) software composed by Chinese Pharmacologic Society. Result: In both groups,pharmaeokinetics could be descrided as two-compartment open model. The T_(1/2)? and the Cl differ between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P

Objective: To study the expressions of CD147and MMP9 in the lung metastasis model of breast cancer in BCML-TAII99 mice and their correlation with tumor growth and metastasis thereof. Methods: The breast cancer model with lung metastasis was established in BCML-TAII99 mice. The immunohistochemical staining method(SP method) was used to analyze the expressions of CD147 and MMP9 in mice lung metastasis tissue. The relationship between the tumor growth and the metastasis was analyzed. Results: The positive rates of CD147 and MMP9 were 63.33%（19/30）and 53.33%（16/30）respectively in mouse models. There was significant difference in positive rate of expressions between the metastasis group and the non-metastasis group（χ~2= 6.238， P ＝ 0．013； χ~2＝ ＝5．129， P ＝ 0．024). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the expression of CD147 and MMP9（r = 0．786， P ＝ 0.025). Conclusion: The expression of CD147 may play a crucial role in infiltration and metastasis of breast cancer by inducing the expression of MMP9.

Objective To observe the effect of Sanqi Oral Liquid on the podocytes and the expression of slit diaphragm-associated molecules (including Nephrin, Podocin and CD2AP proteins) of diabetes mellitus (DM) rats after unilateral nephrectomy, so as to explore its mechanism for protecting renal function. Methods SD male rats were randomized into sham operation group, model group and Chinese medicine group. The experimental diabetes mellitus ( DM) model was given unilateral nephrectomy and intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg of streptozocin (STZ). And then the model rats were given intragastric administration of Sanqi Oral Liquid (2.5 g· kg-1·d-1) and the same volume distilled water respectively for 8 weeks. After treatment, the density of podocytes and the podocytic foot process width of different groups were measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the changes of the expression of Nephrin, Podocin and CD2AP in renal tissues of different groups. Results After treatment with Sanqi Oral Liquid, the density of podocytes was increased, the foot process lesion was relieved, and the expression levels of Nephrin, Podocin and CD2AP proteins were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01 as compared with those in the model group). Conclusion The protective mechanism of Sanqi Oral Liquid for renal function of unilateral nephrectomy DM rats is possibly related with the alleviation of podocyte injury and with the regulation of the expression of Nephrin, Podocin and CD2AP proteins in podocytes.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of narrow band-ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) alone or in combination with interferon-alpha-2b (INF-alpha-2b) for mycosis fungoides (MF),and to assess the correlation between the therapeutic effect and peripheral blood regulatory T (Treg)/T helper type 17 (Th 17) cells.Methods Thirty-three patients with stage ⅠA to ⅡA MF were randomly divided into two groups:NB-UVB group (n =15) receiving NB-UVB radiation alone,combined group (n =18) treated with NB-UVB radiation and intramuscular injection of INF-alpha-2b.Ten healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.Peripheral blood samples were collected before and 9 months after the start of treatment.Flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentages of Treg cells and Th17 cells.Statistical analysis was carried out by using t test,one-way analysis of variance,and Fisher's exact test.Results The average treatment duration was 9 months among these patients.Therapeutic outcomes were significantly better in the combined group than in the NB-UVB group (P =0.023).Among the 15 patients in the NB-UVB group,6 achieved complete remission,3 partial remission,6 showed no response;of the 18 patients in the combined group,12 experienced complete remission,5 partial remission,and 1 showed no response.Before the treatment,the percentages of both Treg and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were significantly higher in the NB-UVB group and combined group than in the control group (both P ＜ 0.05),but similar between the NB-UVB group and combined group (both P ＞ 0.05).After the treatment,the percentages of both Treg and Th17 cells in the NB-UVB group and combined group significantly decreased compared with those before the treatment,but were still higher than those in the control group (both P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,the degree of decrease in the percentages of Treg and Th17 cells was significantly greater in the combined group than in the NB-UVB group (both P＜ 0.05).The seven patients with no response also showed a significant decrease in the percentage of Treg cells (P ＜ 0.05),but no obvious changes in that of Th 17 cells (P ＞ 0.05) after the treatment.Conclusions The therapeutic effect of NB-UVB radiation combined with intramuscular INF-alpha-2b is superior to that of NB-UVB radiation alone for MF,which may be associated with the degree of decrease in peripheral blood Treg and Th 17 cells.

AIM: In order to investigate the possible cumulative and chronic toxicity of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and provide more information on toxicity of PSP. METHODS: The sub-acute toxicity of PSP was evaluated in the rat. PSP was extracted from the seafood in market, and the toxicity of the extract was determined by mouse bioassay. The extracts in different toxicity were administrated to rats through gastrotube for 35 days. The biochemical and pathological changes in vital tissues in rats were examined by the detections of some function indexes in blood and urine and the observations under optical microscope during both the exposure period and the subsequent 10-day withdrawal term. RESULTS: No biochemical and pathological changes in tissues occurred for the control and low-dose group (4.6 ?g STX/kg), whereas some changes happened for the middle (9.2 ?g STX/kg) and high groups (18.4 ?g STX/kg). In experiment, some renal function indexes changed in the mid-dose group, and some of the cardiac, hepatic and renal functions indexes altered for the high dose group with some changes in weight of the thymus gland and spleen. What is more, the liver and kidney became indistinct with some inflammatory changes, and some muscles had ruptured for the 40% rats in high-dose group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that long-term intake of PSP at a concentration, which doesn't exceed the threshold of standard, has some toxicity on rats, and that the toxicity of PSP has an accumulative effect. In a word, it is unsafe for us to eat frequently bivalve seafood polluted by PSP toxins.

Objective To investigate the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and relationships of these expressions with the clinicopathology in breast cancer patients aged 70 years old and over. Methods The expressions of ER, PR and HER-2 were detected by immunohistochemical staining from 124 elderly breast cancer patients, and the relationships of these expressions with pathological classification, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were analyzed. Results Among 124 patients, the positive expression rate of ER and PR was 75.0% (93/124) and 71.0% (88/124),respectively. They were not associated with pathological classification, tumor size, lymph node metastasis or TNM stage (all P＞0. 05). The positive expression rate of Her-2(+++) and Her-2 (++) was 11.3% (14/124) and 24.2% (30/124), respectively. And the expression of Her-2 was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P＜0. 05) but not with pathological classification (P＞0. 05). Conclusions The positive expressions of ER and PR are not correlated with the clinicopathology in elderly breast cancer patients. Her-2 overexpression is positively associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.

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