OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP), percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) and percutaneous hollow pedicle screw with lateral holes implanted bone cement reinforcement in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).

METHODSFrom May 2012 to November 2013, the clinical data of 90 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different methods of operation, the patients were divided into three groups, including the percutaneous hollow pedicle screw with lateral holes implanted bone cement reinforcement group (group A), percutaneous vertebroplasty group (group B), percutaneous kyphoplasty group (group C), each group had 30 patients. Pre operative, postoperative at 1 day, 3 months, 1 year, the back pain was assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS), and vertebral height compression ratio, Cobb angle were measured by X-rays.

RESULTSAll operations were successful and no complications such as postoperative infections and deep vein thrombosis were found. At the final follow up, there were 2 patients with mild postoperative back pain in group A;7 patients with moderate postoperative back pain, 4 patients with severe postoperative back pain, 2 patients with postoperative vertebral refracture in group B; 5 patients with moderate postoperative back pain, 3 patients with severe postoperative back pain, 4 patients with postoperative vertebral refracture in group C. Postoperative VAS, vertebral height compression ratio, Cobb angle of all patients have obviously improved than preoperative(<0.05). On 1 day, 3 months, 1 year after operation, there was significant difference between group A and group B, C(<0.05), there was no significant difference between group B and group C(>0.05). There was no significant difference in group A above items and different times(>0.05), and there was significant difference in group B, C above items and different times(<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe effect of PVP and PKP on the immediately postoperative pain relief was more than percutaneous hollow pedicle screw with lateral holes implanted bone cement reinforcement in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, but, residual back pain can happen in different extent in the patients underwent PVP and PKP. Percutaneous hollow pedicle screw with lateral holes implanted bone cement reinforcement technique has obvious advantage in recovery of the vertebral height, correction of vertebral deformity, reduction of postoperative back pain.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous

Objective To study the prevalence rates of knowledge,attitudes and use of the nutrition labeling and related influential factors in Hangzhou supermarket consumers.Methods Using a self-developed survey questionnaire,randomly selected customers were conducted a face-toface interview program in a large supermarket of Hangzhou city.Results 586 people were interviewed,including 202 males and 384 females,with the mean age as 41.6±17.23 years.The Facts Labels'were as follows:dietary fiber(71.84%),fat(70.99%),calcium(60.75%),salt (58.36%),energy(50.85%)and sugar(39.42%).The support rates of the three attitudes indicators were"support marking the Nutrition Facts Label"(90.44%)."support marking the nutrition claims"(87.03%)and"want to know more relative knowledge"(77.13%).There were 58.36% and 80.03%first-time buyers who would read the Nutrition Facts Food Labels and the Nutrition Claims.Through logistic model analysis,male,youth,low-educated people were found to be the risk factors related to the nutrition label reading behavior.Conclusion The capacity of the reading,understanding and correct application of nutrition labeling among consumers was not satisfactory.Improvement on the readability and the authority of nutrition labeling and the development of the national nutrition knowledge and health education programs were in urgent needs.

OBJECTIVETo establish an assessment index system to objectively evaluate the implementation of health promotion in enterprises.

METHODSMulti-methods, which include the reviewing references, the summarizing results of preliminary studies, the interview with experts and employers, were used in developing attentative index framework and working out the consultative questionnaires. Then the improved Delphi Method was adopted in collecting ideas from 20 experts in China, and they scored the importance of every single index by two rounds of consultation. On the basis of these data, the indicators were added , deleted or modified according to concentration and distraction levels of expert ideas. The method of the percentile weighted coefficient was conducted to decide the weighing of assessment index.

RESULTSThe responding rates to the two rounds of questionnaires were 90.91% and 100.00% respectively. The overall specialist authoritative coefficient was 0.69, the coordination coefficient of all indicators was 0.623 (P <0.01),and the coordination coefficient of the four kinds of first-ranking indicators was 0.313, 0.625, 0.390, 0.563, respectively (P<0.01).Eventually, an assessment index system consisting of 4 first-ranking indicators and 10 sub-indicators which were further divided into 52 grade-three indicators was set up.

CONCLUSIONThe assessment index system possesses good content validity, and the liability and typicality were recognized by experts. However, it should be applied and validated in practice.

Adult ; China ; Delphi Technique ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health Services

OBJECTIVETo describe and compare the hepatitis virus infection in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving surgical operation in China and Japan.

METHODSInformation of surgical HCC patients was retrieved from the medical records. The concerned characteristics of the HCC cases from two countries were described and compared.

RESULTSA total of 425 diagnosed cases that underwent surgical resection for HCC in China were investigated, and the corresponding cases in Japan were 247. The proportion of the hepatitis virus infection was 75.53% in patients with HCC from China. Within the infection cases, 91.28% were positive for HBsAg but negative for anti-HCV. The proportion was 82.59% in patients with HCC from Japan. Within the infection cases, 77.94% were positive for anti-HCV but negative for HBsAg. The proportion of hepatocirrhosis in the hepatitis virus infection patients with HCC were 89.10% and 68.14% in China and Japan, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe hepatitis B virus infection showed be a main cause of HCC in China, however, the HCC in Japan be mostly related to hepatitis C virus infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; epidemiology ; surgery ; virology ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepacivirus ; immunology ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis C Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Japan ; epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; surgery ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of low density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR) gene in a large Chinese family with familial hypercholesterolemia(F H) and make a discussion on the pathogenesis of FH at the molecular level.

METHODSInvestigations were made on a patient with the clinical phenotype of homozygous FH and his parents for mutations of promoter and all 18 exons of LDLR gene. Screening was carried out using Touch down PCR and a g arose gel electrophoresis, combined with DNA sequence analysis. The results were compared with the normal sequences in GenBank and FH database (www.ucl.uk/fh) t o find the mutation. Then the mutation was identified in other members of the family. In addition, the authors screened the apolipoprotein B(100) (apoB(100)) gene f or known mutations (R3500Q) that cause familial defective apoB(100) (FDB) by PCR-RFLP.

RESULTSA novel homozygous IN III 5' GT --> AT mutation in the splice donor of LDLR intron 3 was detected in the homozygote propositus with FH. The mutation was also identified in four heterozygous carriers in his family. No mutations R3500Q of apoB(100)were observed.

CONCLUSIONA homozygous G --> A splice mutation in LDLR gene was first reported. The change of the splice donor in LDLR intron 3 may cause skipping of exon 3, which is responsible for FH. Perhaps it is a particular pathogenesis for Chinese people.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alternative Splicing ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; China ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II ; blood ; genetics ; pathology ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Receptors, LDL ; genetics

Objective To assess efficacy and safety of oral brivudine 125 mg once daily versus 4 times daily in the treatment of herpes zoster.Methods A five-centre,randomized,double-blind,parallel- controlled study was performed on 226 patients with herpes zoster.Oral brivudine 125 mg was given once daily to 112 patients,and four times daily to 114 patients,both for 7 days.All patients were followed up for 3 weeks after the end of treatment.Results The time to the last formation of new vesicles was 3.88 days for the once daily group,and 3.79 days for the 4 times daily group,without significant differences between the two groups.There was also no significant difference between the two groups with respect to the time to total resolution of vesicles,time to first crusts,time to full crusting,time to first loss of crusts,time to full loss of crusts,time to first relief of pain,and time to complete relief of pain.Postherpetic neuralgia occurred in 34.5% of patients in the once daily group,and 30.4% of patients in the 4 times daily group.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 5.4% and 9.6%,in the once daily group and 4 times daily group, respectively.Conclusions Brivudine 125 mg once daily is equally effective,more convenient and safe in comparison with brivudine 125 mg 4 times daily for the treatment of herpes zoster.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of relative expression of myocardial various RNAs in rats died of different causes and their relationship with PMI. METHODS: The rat models were established in which the rats were sacrificed by broken neck, asphyxia, and hemorrhagic shock. Total RNAs were extracted from myocardium. The quantitative real time PCR was used to calculate threshold cycle values of RNAs including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), beta-actin, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA) and to study the changes of the relative expressions of various indexes with PMI. RESULTS: U6 snRNA with stable expression level could be used as appropriate internal control. In the early PMI, the relative expression of GAPDH, HIF-1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 more characteristically increased in groups of asphyxia and hemorrhagic shock than in group of broken neck, but the quantity of beta-actin decreased in all groups. In the late PMI, all the relative expressions significantly declined in correlation with the degradation of RNA. CONCLUSION The characteristic changes of each RNA expression can be used as references to estimate PMI in deaths by different causes.
Actins ; Animals ; Cause of Death ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzymes/metabolism* ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; RNA/metabolism* ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Rats ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Objective: To study the expression of miR-126 and miR-223 in platelet of rabbit arterial plaque models, and explore its correlation with plaque morphology. Methods: Rabbit arterial plaque models were established, peripheral blood of models and control animals was collected. Plaque morphologies were divided into type I, type II and type III based on angiography plaque morphology and Ambrose method. Platelet isolation kit was applied to isolate and purify peripheral blood platelets, CD45 immunomagnetic beads were used to remove the residual white blood cells. The miRNAs of platelets was extracted by miRNA Isolation Kit, and expressions of miR-126 and miR-223 of the platelets samples were detected by Real-time PCR. The correlation between plaque morphology and platelet-associated miR-126 and miR-223 expressions were analyzed. Expressions of target gene VCAM-1 and P2Y12 receptors of miR-126 and miR-223 in the atherosclerosis plaque of rabbit model were detected by Western blot. Results: Relative expression levels of miR-126 and miR-223 in the model group were 0.27±0.10 and 0.71±0.14, respectively. Plaque morphology was divided into types I, II and III; and miR-126 and miR-223 expression levels were detected in each type. Expression levels of miR-126 in each type were 0.42±0.07, 0.17±0.11 and 0.22±0.15, respectively; and expression levels of miR-223 in each type are 0.68±0.02, 0.57±0.06 and 0.88±0.10, respectively. Relative to the control group, miR-126 and miR-223 known target genes in VCAM-1 and P2Y12 receptors increased platelets in rabbit atherosclerotic plaque models (P<0.05). Conclusions: Relative to normal control animals, miR-126 and miR-223 platelets were reduced in the rabbit atherosclerotic plaque model group (P<0.05). In the type II plaque morphology group, miR-126 was greatly reduced; and there is no significant correlation between miR-223 and plaque morphology.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Dan-gua Fang on adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) activated protein kinase (AMPK) α expression in liver and subsequent improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism.

METHODSForty 13-week-old diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were randomly divided into model, Dan-gua Fang, metformin and simvastatin groups (n=10 for each), and fed high-fat diet ad libitum. Ten Wistar rats were used as normal group and fed normal diet. After 24 weeks, liver expression of AMPKα mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. AMPKα and phospho-AMPKα protein expression in liver was evaluated by Western blot. Liver histomorphology was carried out after hematoxylin-eosin staining, and blood glucose (BG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), food intake and body weight recorded.

RESULTSSimilar AMPKα mRNA levels were found in the Dan-gua Fang group and normal group, slightly higher than the values obtained for the remaining groups (P<0.05). AMPKα protein expression in the Dan-gua Fang group animals was similar to other diabetic rats, whereas phospho-AMPKα (Thr-172) protein levels were markedly higher than in the metformin group and simvastatin group (P<0.05), respectively. However, phosphor-AMPKα/AMPKα ratios were similar in all groups. Dan-gua Fang reduced fasting blood glucose with similar strength to metformin, and was superior in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as improving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in comparison with simvastatin and metformin. Dan-gua Fang decreases plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly.

CONCLUSIONDan-gua Fang, while treating phlegm-stasis, could decrease BG and lipid in type 2 diabetic GK rats fed with high-fat diet, and effectively protect liver histomorphology and function. This may be partly explained by increased AMPK expression in liver. Therefore, Dan-gua Fang might be an ideal drug for comprehensive intervention for glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Feeding Behavior ; Glycolipids ; metabolism ; Liver ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats, Wistar ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors