OBJECTIVE To discuss the factors and control steps of hospital infection in ophthalmology and to reduce it.METHODS To aim at the cause of hospital infection in ophthalmology,corresponding management countermeasures were taken.RESULTS The hospital infection in ophthalmology was avoided by strengthening knowledge training to increase full cognition;establishing sanity bylaw;strengthening cleanliness and antisepsis of environment,preventing air pollution;strengthening the management of operating room and patient;and insuring the application of unified method,which including cleaning,antisepsis,and sterilization quality for diagnostic and therapeutic devices.CONCLUSIONS Hospital infection in ophthalmology could be effectively prevented by establishing and carrying out seriously the bylaw and measure adapting to the ophthalmology specialty and the control of the hospital infection.

Objective To investigate the causes of the postoperative complications from partial splenic cmbolization (PSE) and make the nursing measures.Methods 18 patients with secondary hypersplenism due to posthepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertension,5F RH type or Cobra catheter was placed selectively into splenic artery through femoral artery by DSA fluoroscopy.60～120 masses of 1 mm×1 mm×1 mm gelfoam mixed with antibiotic and conmist medium were injected fractionally.The routine blood test,hepatic function,serum amylase,urinary amylase,Bmode ultrasonic or CT scan on spleen were tested regularly in week 1,week 2,week 3,week 4 and half-year after PSE.Results The Postoperative Complicatiorm iuchded fever,abdom inal pain,pleural effusion,ascites pertinacions hiccup,splenic abscess impairment of liver and renal function,portal thrombosis left-lower pneumonia and so on.Conclusion Mastering the causes of the complications related to PSE and giving accurate nursing in time may decrease or avoid the incidence of complications and increase the succeas ratio of operation.

In order to further the progress of the quality of adult medical education,several factors need to be considered.We should take into account individualized teaching in accordance to the different knowledge base.We should also consider the different learning abilities of adult students by analyzing their features in medical colleges setting.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the ERK1/2 signal-transduction pathway on differentiation of rat mesencephalic neural stem cells(NSCs)in presence of bone marrow stromal cell-conditioned medium(BMSCs-CM)in vitro.Methods:NSCs were cultured on poly-L-lysine(PLL)coated 35 mm dishes.The neurospheres adhered to the bottom 30 min later;then the culture medium of natural differentiation group was replaced by neurobasal medium containing 2% B27;the control group was replaced with BMSCs- CM;and the inhibition group was replaced with BMSCs-CM containing PD98059(5?mol/L).The proportions of neurons and astrocytes and their morphological difference were observed by immunocytochemistry technique 7 d later.Results:We successfully cultured NSCs from adult rat BMSCs-CM.The proportion of neurons in the natural differentiation group(15.70?10.3)% was lower than that in the control group([51.17?10.30]%,P

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among staffs of Guangdong. Methods One thousand six hundred and fifteen persons were enrolled in this survey. The medical check up data from the physical examination were analyzed. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, obesity, hyper-triglyceridemia, hypo-HDL-C, hypertension, glucose metabolic disorder were 16.3% ,27.6% ,22.7%, 15.0% ,51.8%, 10.7% respectively. The MS prevalence was increased with aging. Prevalences of 0-5 MS components were 31.5% ,31.2% , 22.2% , 10.0% ,4.7%,0.3% respectively. It was significant difference between 2 groups that UA, ALT, AST, CHOL, LDL-ch (t value is 6. 473,4. 238,7. 406,6.810,8. 350, seperatly, P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of MS is high in the staffs of Guangdong. The blood pressure increasing prevalence was maximal. The other components prevalences were high too. MS tends to be a many data abnormality disease, early detection and intervention are important.

Objective To study the associated factors of hospitalization delay in stroke patients. Methods Verified questionnaires were used to investigate all of the 179 stroke patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to prehospital time within or after 6 h. The associated factors of hospitalization delay were analyzed. Results The average prehospital time among 179 patients was (26.2±0.1) h, the median time was 7.5 h. There were significant differences in previous cardiac disease, distance between stroke onset site to hospital, convulsion or disorders of consciousness onset, first visit in emergency room directly or not, arriving at hospital by ambulance or not, time on ambulance between stroke onset site to hospital, time on route to hospital between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed the following factors were related to hospitalization delay: long distance between the site where stroke onset occurred and hospital, long time in out-patient room. Conclusions The phenomena of hospitalization delay is especially eommon and there is a low treatment rate of thrombolysis therapy in iscbemie stroke. The main reason of hospitalization delay lies in ignorance of relevant risk factors, clinical symptoms of stroke and using emergence system sufficiently.

The measures taken by Library of Southern Medical University to improve the use of its electronic re-sources were described according to the major problems in use of electronic resources in domestic college and uni-versity libraries from resources assessment, resources integration and revealing, resources popularization and librarians support, with certain rational suggestions proposed for increasing the utilization ratio of electronic resources, inclu-ding popularization of resources, training of user information literacy, and improvement of users ability.

Objective: To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on dopaminergic neurons and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in the substantia nigra (SN) of mouse with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to disclose the possible mechanisms. Methods: Thirty-two male C57BL/6J mice were equally randomized into normal saline (NS), sham-rTMS (s-rTMS), PD model and rTMS groups. PD model was established with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in mice. The animals in rTMS group received 5 trains of 1 pulse/s for 25 s, at an intensity of 1 Tesla (T) daily for 2 weeks. After the treatment of rTMS, the changes in expression of tyrosinehy droxylase (TH) and BDNF in the SN of animals were observed by immunohistochemical technique; the quantitative analysis was performed by image analysis system. Results: Compared with NS group, the numbers of TH and BDNF immunoreactive(TH-ir and BDNF-ir) cells and the corrected optical density (CD) values in PD and s-rTMS group were significantly lower than those in the NS group (all P<0.01); the numbers in rTMS group were significantly higher compared with those in the PD and s-rTMS groups (all P<0.05); and the numbers were not significantly different between the s-rTMS and PD groups(P> 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the count of TH-ir and BDNF-ir cells (r=0.949, P<0.01); and positive correlation was also noted between the CD values of TH-ir and BDNF-ir cells (r=0.880, P<0.01). Conclusion: It is suggested that rTMS has protective effects on dopaminergic neurons in the SN of PD mice, and the mechanism might be related to the up-regulation of BDNF expression.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine Xiaozuo decoction combined with 0. 025% vitamin A for external use in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods:Totally 86 patients with acne vulgaris were randomly di-vided into the treatment group and the control group with 43 ones in each. The treatment group was treated with Xiaocuo dcoction, 1 dose/day, and the control group was orally treated with erythromycin ethylsuccinate, 0. 25g per time, 3 times per day. The treatment course was 6 weeks, and both groups were treated with 0. 025% tretinoin cream once every night. The clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The obvious effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was 69. 77% and 41. 86%, respectively, and the total effective rate was 88. 37% and 69. 77%, respectively. There was significant difference in the obvious effective rate between the two groups (P<0. 01), while there was significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P<0. 05). Recurrence rates of two groups were 10. 00%and 22. 22%,respectively,and there was no sig-nificant difference (P>0. 05). There were no serious adverse reactions in the two groups. Conclusion: Xiaocuo decoction combined with 0. 025% tretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris has promising clinical efficacy with high safety.

Episodic tension-type headache is the most common headache in the general population and is usually self managed.Chronic tension-type headache may be highly disabling and often prompts medical consultation.Diagnosis is clinical,based on widely accepted and validated criteria and algorithm.Peripheral factors are implicated in episodic tension-type headache,whereas central factors probably underlie chronic tension-type headache.Simple analgesics,such as aspirin,are used for acute treatment.Amitriptyline and biofeedback assisted relaxation training have the best evidence of effectiveness for headache prevention.