Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Coagulants ; blood ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood ; drug therapy ; Signal Transduction ; Thromboplastin

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) and computerized tomography (CT) in evaluating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

METHODSTwenty-two NAFLD patients were selected, according to the Chinese Medical Association standard, and compared with 20 healthy persons (as the control group). Their body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and blood pressure (BP) were examined. The serum ALT, the concentration of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and uric acid (UA) were tested simultaneously. The severity of hepatosteatosis was evaluated by 1HMRS and CT scans of their livers. The intrahepatic content of lipid (IHCL) and CT liver and spleen ratios were measured.

RESULTSThe BMI, WHR, serum ALT, FBG, TG, and UA were all elevated significantly in the NAFLD group and were (28.4+/-2.4) kg/m2, 0.91+/-0.04, (71.5+/-24.8) U/L, (5.67+/-0.61) mmol/L, (2.48+/-1.46) mmol/L, (420.7+/-57.5)micromol/L, respectively, P less than 0.01 or 0.05. Meanwhile, in the NAFLD group, the IHCL calculated by 1HMRS were increased and CT value ratios were decreased significantly compared with those of the control group (27.49%+/-12.27% vs 1.34%+/-0.79%, P less than 0.01). However, there was no correlation between the clinical features and the IHCL and between the clinical features and CT value ratios, but a negative correlation existed in the CT value ratio and IHCL.

CONCLUSIONSThe intrahepatic content of lipids can be measured precisely by 1HMRS, and 1HMRS is better than CT in quantitative evaluations of NAFLD.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Fatty Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Aged ; Anaphylaxis ; etiology ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Insect Bites and Stings ; complications ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Wasps

Objective To establish an easy and repeatable method for determination of pulmonary vascular resistance in normal and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) rats.Methods Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups:control group,low dose monocrotaline (MCT) group (50 mg/kg) and high dose MCT group (60 mg/kg).Rats in PAH groups received single subcutaneous injection of MCT.We measured pulmonary artery pressure by right heart catheterization using an improved hand-made PE-50 catheter.Cardiac output was calculated through thermodilution method.Pulmonary vascular resistance equals the mean pulmonary artery pressure divided by cardiac output.Results The total percentages of success to detect pulmonary artery pressure,cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance were 98％,100％ and 96％ respectively in 3 groups.Twenty-one days after MCT injection,mean pulmonary artery pressure significantly increased in MCT group compared to control group [ (43.1 + 0.8 ),(54.8 +2.2) vs.(17.4 + 1.0) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),P ＜0.001 ],and the mPAP was also significantly higher in high dose MCT group than in low dose MCT group (P ＜ 0.001 ).Cardiac output was significantly lower in PAH rats than in control rats [(77.5 ±6.9),(71.0 ±6.7) vs.(126.8 ±3.9) ml/min,P ＜0.001 ].Pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly increased in PAH rats compared with control rats [(0.56 +0.06),(0.76+0.08) vs.(0.13 ±:0.01) mm Hg · min-1 · ml-1,P＜0.001].There were significant differences in both MCT-treated groups (P =0.01 ).Conclusions Pulmonary vascular resistance in rats could be reliably detected using the improved hand-made PE-50 right heart catheter.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences in Haversian system between human and animal bones through imaging analysis and morphology description. METHODS: Thirty-five slices grinding from human being as well as dog, pig, cow and sheep bones were observed to compare their structure, then were analysed with the researchful microscope. RESULTS: Plexiform bone or oeston band was not found in human bones; There were significant differences in the shape, size, location, density of Haversian system, between human and animal bones. The amount of Haversian lamella and diameter of central canal in human were the biggest; Significant differences in the central canal diameter and total area percentage between human and animal bones were shown by imaging analysis. CONCLUSION (1) Plexiform bone and osteon band could be the exclusive index in human bone; (2) There were significant differences in the structure of Haversian system between human and animal bones; (3) The percentage of central canals total area was valuable in species identification through imaging analysis.
Adult ; Animals ; Bone and Bones/ultrastructure* ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Haversian System/ultrastructure* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Microscopy, Electron ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Swine ; Tibia/ultrastructure*

BACKGROUNDSurgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms is often compromised by incomplete exclusion of the aneurysm or stenosis of parent vessels. Intraoperative microvascular Doppler (IMD) is an attractive, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool. The present study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of IMD for guiding clip placement in aneurysm surgery.

METHODSA total of 92 patients with 101 intracranial aneurysms were included in the study. IMD with a 1.5-mm diameter, 20-MHz microprobe was used before and after clip application to confirm aneurysm obliteration and patency of parent vessels and branching arteries. IMD findings were verified postoperatively with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or dual energy computed tomography angiography (DE-CTA). Ninety consecutive patients, harboring 108 aneurysms, who underwent surgery without IMD was considered as the control group.

RESULTSThe microprobe detected all vessels of the Circle of Willis and their major branches. Clips were repositioned in 24 (23.8%) aneurysms on the basis of the IMD findings consistent with incomplete exclusion and/or stenosis. IMD identified persistent weak blood flow through the aneurismal sac of 11 of the 101 (10.9%) aneurysms requiring clip adjustment. Stenosis or occlusion of the parent or branching arteries as indicated by IMD necessitated immediate clip adjustment in 19 aneurysms (18.8%). The mean duration of the IMD procedure was 4.8 minutes. The frequency of clip adjustment (mean: 1.8 times per case) was associated with the size and location of the aneurysm. There were no complications related to the use of IMD, and postoperative angiograms confirmed complete aneurysm exclusion and parent vessel patency. About 8.3% (9/108) aneurysms were unexpectedly incompletely occluded, and 10.2% (11/108) aneurysms and parent vessel stenosis without IMD were detected by postoperative DSA or DE-CTA. IMD could reduce the rate of residual aneurysm and unanticipated vessel stenosis which demonstrated statistically significant advantages compared with aneurysm surgery without IMD.

CONCLUSIONIMD is a safe, easily performed, reliable, and valuable tool that is suitable for routine use in intracranial surgery, especially in complicated, large, and giant aneurysms with wide neck or without neck.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods

Objective To investigate the health status and nutrition-related diseases of residents in Pudong New Area,Shanghai and provide information for shaping the relevant national policies and guiding the people''s health dietary.Methods By means of a stratified multi-stage cluster random household sampling survey were performed questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory assay for 737 residents above the age of 15.Results The mean±standard deviation of the men''s height was (168.79±6.81) cm,and the women''s mean height (157.47±6.53) cm.And the rates of malnourishment,overweight,obesity and central obesity were 4.37%,48.91%,14.48% and 49.25%,and the prevalence rate of hypertension was 45.18%.Among residents above 18 years old,the abnormal rate of total cholesterol and triglycerides were 28.69% and 23.50%.Conclusion Nutrition-related chronic diseases will be an important public health problem in Pudong New Area.

Current quality control patterns are limited to industrial application, for most of the natural chemical reference substances are expensive and unavailable. Herein, a method, quantitative analysis of multi-components with single marker (QAMS), was established and validated to simultaneously determine nine ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd) in P. ginseng and four ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, Rh1, Rb1, Rd) in P. notoginseng. Using ginsenoside Rb1 as the contrast, the relative correction factors (RCF) of the other eight ginsenosides were determined by HPLC-DAD. Within the linear ranges, the values of RCF of ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd were 1.400, 1.215, 1.517, 1.801, 0.944, 1.012, 1.143, and 1.135, respectively. The RCF had a good reproducibility in various instruments, chromatographic columns (RSD = 0.30% - 3.9%). According to their RCF, we simultaneously determined nine ginsenosides in P. ginseng only using one marker. In addition, the RCF of ginsenosides were used to simultaneously quantitative analysis of four ginsenosides in P. notoginseng. The results of QAMS method were validated by comparing with that of external standard method, and no obvious significant difference was found.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

To explore the fumigation and moxibustion therapy in treatment of ulcer and sore of yin syndrome. The fumigation and moxibustion therapy is the combination of fumigation and moxibustion, in which, smoking fumigation is provided with warming effect and the actions as moxibustion. This therapy works on the efficacy of both fumigation and moxibustion. In treatment, different herbal medicines can be selected flexibly, acting on dispersing yin and rescuing yang. The fumigation and moxibustion therapy can drain toxin and remove ulcer and sore. It contributes to the treatment of boils and chronic sores of yin syndrome and promotes wound healing.
Fumigation ; methods ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Pain Management ; Syndrome ; Ulcer ; therapy ; Yin-Yang

OBJECTIVETo extract tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) from MKN-45 gastric cancer which is similar to "muddy phlegm" in Chinese medicine and observe influences of MKN-45 tumor interstitial fluid (MKN-45 TIF) intervention on metastasis of gastric cancer and on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), kinase insert domain containing receptor (KDR), epithelial-cadherin (E-cad), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and telomerase genes and proteins in primary tumor tissue.

METHODSAn MKN-45 tumor-bearing model was established in 50 nude mice. The modeled animals were equally randomized to 5 groups: the simple tumor-bearing group (model group), the normal saline (NS) via tail vein injection (i.v.) group (NS i.v. group), MKN-45 TIF i.v. group (TIF i.v. group), NS intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) group (NS i.p. group), and MKN-45 TIF i.p. group (TIF i.p. group). The TIF and NS intervention groups received injection (i.p. or i.v.) of MKN-45 TIF or NS twice a week, 0.2 mL at a time. After 8 weeks, the primary tumors were removed, weighed and HE stained to observe tumor metastasis. The primary tumor tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR to detect expressions of VEGF, KDR, E-cad, COX-2, ICAM-1, and telomerase genes and proteins in different groups.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in tumor weight between TIF intervention groups and the model and NS intervention groups. Tumor metastasis was observed in all 5 groups, but the tumor metastasis rate in TIF intervention groups was significantly higher than those in the model and NS intervention groups. The gene and protein expressions of gastric cancer-related factors VEGF, KDR, COX-2, ICAM-1 and telomerase were unregulated while the gene and protein expressions of E-cad were downregulated in TIF intervention groups.

CONCLUSIONSTIF promotes tumor growth, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. These findings provide preliminary experimental clues for verifying the hypothesis of "tumor-phlegm microenvironment".

Animals ; Cadherins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Extracellular Fluid ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secondary ; Telomerase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; genetics ; metabolism