Objective To explore the possible mechanism for KiSSI gene in control gonadotropin - releasing hormone(GnRH)secretion participating in sexual development onset and normal reproduction regulation by investigating the changes in expression of KiSS1,GnRH in hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),and estradiol(E2 )in serum by using RNA interference mediated by lentivirus - based vectors,after interfering expression of KiSSI. Methods Ninety female Sprague - Dawley rats of 21 days were randomly divided into 3 groups:interference virus group receiving intracerebroventricular injection of KiSSI - microRNA interference lentivirus;lentivi-rus - control group given intracerebroventricular injection of lentivirus without interference effect;9 g/ L saline control group given intracerebroventricular injection of 9 g/ L saline. Ten rats in each group and the animals were sacrificed at 30 - day - old,35 - day - old,45 - day - old,respectively. Then the expressions of KiSSI and GnRH mRNA were detec-ted in the rat hypothalamus with real - time PCR,the LH,FSH,and E2 in serum was examined with chemiluminescence method. Results The levels of KiSSI mRNA in interference virus group were significantly reduced after being infected with recombinant lentivirus compared with those of 9 g/ L saline control group( at 30 d:0. 106 ± 0. 018;at 35 d:0. 218 ± 0. 025;at 45 d:0. 215 ± 0. 033,all P = 0. 000). The level of GnRH mRNA in interference virus group was sig-nificantly reduced after being infected with recombinant lentivirus compared with that of 9 g/ L saline control group(at 30 d:0. 230 ± 0. 040;at 35 d:0. 407 ± 0. 030,all P = 0. 000). The level of LH in interference virus group was lower than the other 2 groups at 35 d[(0. 101 ± 0. 004)IU/ L,P = 0. 467]. The level of FSH in the interference virus group was lower than that of the other 2 groups at 35 d[(0. 235 ± 0. 014)IU/ L,P = 0. 015]. The level of E2 in the interfe-rence virus group was lower than that of the other 2 groups at 35 d and 45 d[at 35 d:(171. 750 ± 11. 050)nmol/ L, P = 0. 000;at 45 d:(192. 310 ± 13. 100)nmol/ L,P = 0. 010]. Conclusions Lentivirus with KiSSI - microRNA can affect the expression of GnRH mRNA and the levels of sex hormone. Lateral cerebral ventricle microinjection of KiSSI -microRNA lentivirus can delay sexual development of Sprague - Dawley female rats.

Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Coagulants ; blood ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood ; drug therapy ; Signal Transduction ; Thromboplastin

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic self-expanded metal stent for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction.

METHODSFifty-six cases of gastric outlet obstruction, collected from March 1999 to January 2008, were treated by endoscopic self-expanded metal stents. The success rate, complication rate and survival were evaluated.

RESULTSAmong the 56 cases, the male to female ratio was 33 to 23, and the average age was [65+/-14 (24-86)] years. Seventeen cases were gastric cancer, 4 duodenal carcinoma, 7 peri-ampulla carcinoma, 13 metastasis cancer and 15 presented recurrence after operations. The success rate of stent implantation was 98.2% (55/56). Forty-nine cases (87.5%) could eat liquid food 1-3 days after operations and eat semifluid food 4-9 days later. Forty-two cases (76.4%)could eat normal food after 10-16 days. The main complications included 14.5% of cases with pain, 1.8% with stent shift, 25.5% with bleeding and no one with perforation. Until January 20, 2008, 53 cases (96.4%) had been followed up. The mean survival time was [139+/-15 (14-332)] days, and the median survival time was 135 days. The re-stenosis rate was 5.7%, including 3 cases, happened in 143, 158 and 190 days after the operations respectively, and was successfully treated by second stent implantation.

CONCLUSIONEndoscopic implantation of self-expanded metal stent is a micro-invasive, safe, effective method for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Serum cytokine concentrations were determined in patients with Graves'disease(GD)before and after treatment of thiamazole.Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)level was markedly raised before treatment as compared with normal subjects and returned to normal after 3 month therapy.Serum IL-8 level was lowered in GD patients and showed no change after 3 month therapy.No relationship between IL-8 and other markers was found.Serum IL-1?,IL-6 and TNF-?levels in GD patients showed no difference with those in normal controls.

Hereditary opalescent dentin is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disease of dentin development. A case of hereditary opalescent dentin was reported, and the pathogenesis, family tree and restoration methods were reviewed.
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ; Humans ; Pedigree

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of huai qi huang, a traditional Chinese medicine, on cytokines Th1, Th2 and Th17 levels and alveolar macrophage phagocytosis in asthmatic rats sensitized by ovalbumin (OVA).

METHODSForty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control, untreated asthma, budesonide-treated, huai qi huang-treated and budesonide+huai qi huang-treated asthma (n=8 each). Asthma was induced by OVA sensitization and challenge. The levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and IL-17 in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using ELISA. The phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages which were isolated and purified from BALF was evaluated by the colorimetric assay.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-4 and IL-17 increased, in contrast, the IFN-γ level decreased in plasma and BALF in the untreated asthma group compared with those in the normal control group. The IFN-γ level in the huai qi huang-treated asthma group was higher than that in the untreated asthma group. The IFN-γ level increased and the IL-17 level decreased more significantly in the budesonide+huai qi huang-treated asthma group when compared with the budesonide and huai qi huang alone treatment groups. The phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in the untreated asthma group was lower than that in the normal control group. Huai qi huang alone or combined with budesonide increased the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages compared with the normal control, untreated asthma and budesonid-treated asthma groups. The levels of IFN-γ in plasma and BALF were positively correlated with the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages.

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of IL-4 and IL-17 increase and the IFN-γ level decreases in plasma and BALF, and the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages decreases in asthmatic rats. Huai qi huang treatment may increase the IFN-γ expression in plasma and BALF and the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in asthmatic rats. There is a synergistic effect between huai qi huang and glucocorticoids.

Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Cytokines ; biosynthesis ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

BACKGROUNDSurgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms is often compromised by incomplete exclusion of the aneurysm or stenosis of parent vessels. Intraoperative microvascular Doppler (IMD) is an attractive, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool. The present study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of IMD for guiding clip placement in aneurysm surgery.

METHODSA total of 92 patients with 101 intracranial aneurysms were included in the study. IMD with a 1.5-mm diameter, 20-MHz microprobe was used before and after clip application to confirm aneurysm obliteration and patency of parent vessels and branching arteries. IMD findings were verified postoperatively with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or dual energy computed tomography angiography (DE-CTA). Ninety consecutive patients, harboring 108 aneurysms, who underwent surgery without IMD was considered as the control group.

RESULTSThe microprobe detected all vessels of the Circle of Willis and their major branches. Clips were repositioned in 24 (23.8%) aneurysms on the basis of the IMD findings consistent with incomplete exclusion and/or stenosis. IMD identified persistent weak blood flow through the aneurismal sac of 11 of the 101 (10.9%) aneurysms requiring clip adjustment. Stenosis or occlusion of the parent or branching arteries as indicated by IMD necessitated immediate clip adjustment in 19 aneurysms (18.8%). The mean duration of the IMD procedure was 4.8 minutes. The frequency of clip adjustment (mean: 1.8 times per case) was associated with the size and location of the aneurysm. There were no complications related to the use of IMD, and postoperative angiograms confirmed complete aneurysm exclusion and parent vessel patency. About 8.3% (9/108) aneurysms were unexpectedly incompletely occluded, and 10.2% (11/108) aneurysms and parent vessel stenosis without IMD were detected by postoperative DSA or DE-CTA. IMD could reduce the rate of residual aneurysm and unanticipated vessel stenosis which demonstrated statistically significant advantages compared with aneurysm surgery without IMD.

CONCLUSIONIMD is a safe, easily performed, reliable, and valuable tool that is suitable for routine use in intracranial surgery, especially in complicated, large, and giant aneurysms with wide neck or without neck.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods

Stem cell marker LIN28, related closely with SOX2 and OCT4, has been studied as a biomarker for the maintainance of pluripotent cells in several malignancies. Our previous study showed that SOX2 and OCT4 were negative predictors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the predictive value of LIN28 in HCC outcome is still undetermined. We hypothesized that LIN28 may also play a role as a biomarker for HCC. To test this hypothesis, we examined the expression of LIN28 in 129 radically resected HCC tissues using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and analyzed the association of LIN28 expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis. Our study showed that LIN28 was expressed at a higher frequency in tumor tissues than in non-HCC tissues (45.0% vs. 21.7%, P = 0.020). Moreover, LIN28 expression was significantly increased in cases with large tumor size (P = 0.010). Univariate analysis did not reveal a significant correlation between LIN28 expression and overall survival or recurrence-free survival. For HCC patients who met the Milan criteria, stratified analysis revealed shorter overall survival (P = 0.007) and recurrence-free survival (P < 0.001) in those with detectable LIN28 expression compared to those with no detectable LIN28 expression. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that LIN28 was a negative independent predictor for both overall survival (hazard ratio= 7.093, P = 0.017) and recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio=5.518, P = 0.004) in patients who met the Milan criteria. Taken together, our results suggest that LIN28 identifies low-risk and high-risk subsets of HCC patients meeting the Milan criteria who undergo hepatectomy.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of high dose chemotherapy combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) for the treatment of neural ectodermal solid tumor originated from neural crest in children.

METHODSTwenty-three children at a medium age of 5.8 + or - 3.5 years with neural ectodermal solid tumor originated from neural crest were enrolled. Of the 23 children, 20 with stage IV neuroblastoma (9 were in complete remission, 7 were in partial remission and 4 were in progressive disease), 2 with stage IV primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) in complete remission, and 1 with retinoblastoma in partial remission. Before APBSCT the children received 8.0 + or - 4.3 courses of chemotherapy. During chemotherapy the autologous peripheral blood stem cells were harvested and the tumor excision was performed. Then APBSCT was performed.

RESULTSThe reconstruction of the hematopoietic system was noted in 19 of 20 children with stage IV neuroblastoma 16.5 + or - 0.9 days after transplantation. A follow-up (median 15.8 months) was done in these children. The follow-up showed that the survival rate in children in complete remission before transplantation was 100%, 57% in those in partial remission, and none of children in progressive disease survived (P<0.05). The total survival rate was 67% in children with neuroblastoma. The child with retinoblastoma had complete remission in a 6-months follow-up. The tumors recurred in children with PNET 5 to 8 months after transplantation and all died within one year after transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSHigh dose chemotherapy combined with APBSCT can result in a good outcome in children with neural ectodermal solid tumor originated from neural crest in complete remission before transplantation and can improve the outcome in patients in partial remission before transplantation. However, the children with PNET, even in complete remission before transplantation, do not respond to the therapy.

Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neural Crest ; pathology ; Neuroblastoma ; therapy ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; therapy ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous

Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Coronary Sinus ; surgery ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry ; pathology ; surgery