Objective To investigate the expressions of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and to explore the mechanism of pathogenesis in COPD.Methods A total of 40 patients undergoing lung resections for pulmonary tumor were selected.Patients were divided into 2 groups according to COPD diagnostic criteria:the control group [patients without COPD,13 males,7 females,with an average age of (61.7±8.8) years] and the COPD group [patients with COPD,15 males,5 females,with an average age of (60.5 ± 9.4) years].Peripheral lung tissues from tumor lesions were detected in this study.The qualitative and quantitative expressions of NF-κB were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot,respectively.TGF-β31 mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The levels of TGF β1 mRNA and NF-κB protein and the NF-κB nucleus positive rate were significantly higher in the COPDgroup than in the control group [(0.42±0.11) vs.(0.34±0.13),(0.24±0.08) vs.(0.12±0.04),57.9％ vs.26.7％,respectively,all P＜0.05].The TGF-β31 mRNA level was positively correlated with the NF-κB protein expression in the 2 groups (r=0.497,0.618,both P＜0.01).The ratio of 1 second forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV1/ FVC) was negatively correlated with TGF-β1 mRNA level and NF-κB protein expression (r=-0.624,r=-0.659,both P ＜0.01) in the COPD group.Conclusions The expression levels of NF-κB and TGF-β1 are significantly increased in patients with COPD,and there is a positive correlation between TGF-β1mRNA level and NF-κB protein expression.NF-κB may participate in regulating TGF-β1 mRNA expression and in contributing to the airway remodeling,thereby in effecting pulmonary function.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the proliferation of air?way smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBPα) and calreticulin. Meth?ods (1) The ASMCs were stimulated with different concentrations of CSE for twenty-four hours. According to the concentra?tions of CSE,the cells were divided into control group, 2.5%CSE group, 5%CSE group and 10%CSE group. The prolifera?tion of ASMCs was measured by MTT colrimetric method. The CEBPαmRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR. Western bloting as?say was performed to detect the levels of CRT and CEBPαprotein. (2) In 10%CSE group, transfection of the siRNA respec?tively for negative control or calreticulin was performed in accordance with instructions. The cell proliferation and the expres?sion of calreticulin and CEBPαwere compared in negative control siRNA group and calreticulin siRNA group. Results (1) With the increasing of the concentrations of CSE, the protein expression of CEBPαdecreased gradually (P<0.05), while the proliferation of ASMCs and the protein expression of calreticulin increased (P<0.05), but the expression of CEBPαmRNA in ASMCs showed no significant difference in groups with different concentrations of CSE (P>0.05). (2) Under the 10%CSE, the expression of CEBPαwas significantly higher in CRT siRNA group than that in negative control group (P<0.05),but the cell proliferation and CRT were significantly lower in the calreticulin siRNA group than those in negative control siRNA group (P<0.05). Conclusion The CSE exposure contributes to the expression of calreticulin protein,and then inhibits the translation of CEBPαmRNA,thus promotes the proliferation of ASMCs.

Catechols ; urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Electrochemistry ; methods ; Humans ; Hydroquinones ; urine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of life of cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and discuss the factors to provide the oretical basis for improving the quality of life of these parents and promoting the healthy growth of children with cleft lip and/or palate.

METHODSA total of 115 parents whose children had cleft lip and/or palate surgery treatment were selected as the experiment group, and another 198 parents (with healthy children having a similar age with those in the experiment group) as the control group. The experiment group was divided into three subgroups according to different types of cleft lip and/or palate: cleft Lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), cleft lip and palate (CLP). The experiment group and the control group were both divided into four subgroups according to age: 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old, and more than 6 years old. The experiment group and the control group were both divided into three subgroups according to education: junior middle school and the following, high school and technical secondary school, junior college degree or above. The GQOLI-74 scale was selected to assess the experiment group and the control group. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze data.

RESULTS1) The experiment group had no significant difference with the control group in terms of the overall score and the scores of various children ages. 2) The scores of every item had no significant difference in CL, CP, CLP subgroup (P > 0.05). 3) The quality of life scores and scores of psychological function dimension and social function dimension of parents with 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P<0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P < 0.05). The other items had no significant difference. 4) The scores of material life dimension and social function dimension of parents with junior college degree or above were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with high school and technical secondary school degree were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNo difference was observed in the quality of life between cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and normal group. The parents with the low age children with cleft lip and/or palate and low-levels of education need more help and support to improve quality of life.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; psychology ; Cleft Palate ; psychology ; Humans ; Infant ; Quality of Life ; Social Adjustment ; Software

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are generally associated with respiratory and enteric infections and have long been recognized as important pathogens of livestock and companion animals. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a widely studied model system for Coronavirus replication and pathogenesis. In this study, we created a MHV-A59 temperature sensitive (ts) mutant Wu"-ts18(cd) using the recombinant vaccinia reverse genetics system. Virus replication assay in 17C1-1 cells showed the plaque phenotype and replication characterization of constructed Wu"-ts18(cd) were indistinguishable from the reported ts mutant Wu"-ts 18. Then we cultured the ts mutant Wu"-ts 18(cd) at non-permissive temperature 39.5℃, which "forced" the ts recombinant virus to use second-site mutation to revert from a ts to a non-ts phenotype. Sequence analysis showed most of the revertants had the same single amino acid mutation at Nsp16 position 43. The single amino acid mutation at Nsp16 position 76 or position 130 could also revert the ts mutant Wu"-ts 18 (cd) to non-ts phenotype, an additional independent mutation in Nsp13 position 115 played an important role on plaque size. The results provided us with genetic information on the functional determinants of Nsp16. This allowed us to build up a more reasonable model of CoVs replication-transcription complex.

0.05)in the frequency of alleles and genotypes between controls and coronary heart disease.In additional,at the 325 position,the TAFI antigen of the Thr325Thr was higher[(114.89?2.53)%]than that of the other genotype(Thr325Ile and Ile325Ile),there was significant difference between the TAFI antigen of the Thr325Thr and the others(P 0.05).But the TAFI activity of the Ile325Ile was lower(3.08?3.63 ?g/ml)than that of the other genotypes(Thr325Ile and Thr325Thr),there was significantly difference between the TAFI activity of the Thr325Thr and the other(P

Objective To study the clinical significance of the gene protein expression of p16,nm23 and PTEN in bile duct carcinoma.Methods The expression of p16,PTEN and nm23 gene protein in tissues of 63 cases of malignant tumors of biliary system(33 cases of bile duct carcinoma,30 cases of carcinoma of gallbladder) and 20 cases of benign bile duct lesion were studied by SP immunohistochemical technique and analyzed together with clinicopathologic data.Results The positive expression of p16,PTEN and nm23 in bile duct carcinoma tissue was low to medium,their expression rate was 36.5%,38.1% and 23.8%,(respectively),and was significantly lower than that of bile duct benign lesions(P

Objective To explore the causes of biliary complications related with liver donor fol- lowing liver transplantation.Methods Ninty-nine patients with improved liver donor treatment during liver transplantation from May 2005 to April 2006 were followed up and the clinical data were ana- lyzed.At the same time,the rate of biliary complications was compared with that occurring on 43 pa- tients with unimproved liver donor treatment.Results Only 4 in 99 patients with improved liver donor treatment had biliary leakage with the rate of biliary complications being 4% in comparison with 11% in those with unimproved liver donor treatment.Conclusion The improvement of liver donor treat- ment,including shortening heat-ischemia time,completely washing bile duct and remaining the whole blood supply of bile duct,can decline the occurrence of biliary complications.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of arterial stiffness on systolic deformation in hypertensive disease.MethodsSixty essential hypertensive patients were enrolled, including 25 cases with left ventricular normal geometric (group LVN) and 35 cases with left ventricular hypertrophy (group LVH) in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University during July 2013 to March 2014. Thirty patients in the control group were enrolled in the same period. The peak systolic strains and strain rates were determined by using velocity vector imaging. Stroke volume was obtained by using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. And pulse pressure/stroke volume was used as a surrogate index of arterial stiffness. Pulse pressure/stroke volume, the differences of strain and strain rate in three groups were compared by analysis of variance, and SNK-q test was used for further comparison between two groups. Multiple linear regression was performed to estimate predictors for systolic longitudinal deformation. Pearson?s correlation was used to analysis the relevance of systolic longitudinal strain and body mass index, triglyceride, left ventricular ejection fraction, age, left ventricular mass index, pulse pressure/stroke volume.ResultsPulse pressure/stroke volume were (1.26±0.45) mmHg·m2·ml-1, (1.53±0.59) mmHg·m2·ml-1, (1.82±0.43) mmHg·m2·ml-1 (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) in the control group, LVN, LVH respectively. The systolic strains and strain rates in the control group, LVN, LVH were recorded as follows:systolic longitudinal strains were (23.60±1.94)%, (19.69±2.56)%, (17.34±2.48)%, the systolic longitudinal strain rates were (1.64±0.17) s-1, (1.52±0.14) s-1, (1.38±0.18) s-1; the systolic radial strains were (28.69±5.2)%, (30.81±4.14)%, (26.53±3.50)%, the systolic radial strain rates were (2.51±0.56) s-1, (2.60±0.45) s-1, (2.00±0.41) s-1; the circumferential strains were (24.50±5.21)%, (24.01±4.60)%, (21.00±3.70)%, the circumferential strain rates were (1.38±0.38) s-1, (1.30±0.30) s-1, (1.10±0.26) s-1. Pulse pressure/stroke volume was higher in LVN and was more pronounced in the LVH group compared with the control (LVN/LVH with the control group:q=2.90, 6.56, LVN with LVH:q=3.22, allP<0.05). The strains and strain rates in LVH were lower than those of LVN and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. (longitudinal strains:q=15.22, 5.43; longitudinal strain rates:q=8.88, 4.54; radial strains:q=2.85, 5.36; radial strain rates:q=6.10, 6.81; circumferential strains:q=4.42, 3.61; circumferential strain rates:q=5.04, 3.42; allP<0.05). The strains and strain rates in LVN were lower than the normal group, the signiifcant differences of the longitudinal strains and longitudinal strain rates were found (q=8.73, 3.77, bothP<0.05) while there were no statistically signiifcant differences of radial strains and radial strain rates, circumferential rates and circumferential strain rates. In a multivariate analysis, LVMI and AS were found to be predictors for systolic longitudinal strain. Body mass index, triglyceride, left ventricular ejection fraction, age, left ventricular mass index and pulse pressure/stroke volume were negatively related to systolic longitudinal strain (r=-0.10,-0.09,-0.14,-0.42,-0.56, allP<0.05) by Pearson?s correlation, while LVEF was positively related to mean systolic longitudinal strain (r=0.13,P<0.05).ConclusionArterial stiffness is suitable as an predictor for left ventricular systolic deformation in hypertensive disease.

0.05).The mRNA expression of Cyclin B1 of IMRT group was significantly higher than that of ART group at each dose point(P