Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on controlling endemic fluorosis in Shaanxi Province between 2004 and 2006. Methods Hanbin, Pingli, Ziyang and Hanyin were selected for the investigation in 2004;in addition to the four areas, Zhengping, Shiquan and Langao were also for the investigation in 2006. Two schools were selected in each area, and 2 villages as the investigation spots. Fifty pupils in the fifth grade in each school, and 30 housewives between 25 - 50 years old in each village were chosen as the research subjects. Referring to the health education questionnaire in Technique Scheme of Endemic Disease Prevention Granted by Central Government of 2004, the degree of health education of endemic fluorine, arsenic poisoning in pupils and housewives were investigated. Results In 2004 and 2006, the average mark of pupils in school was 54.7 and 83.6, the pass rate was 57.5% (230/400) and 90.2% (629/697), respectively;the average mark of housewives was 59.7 and 83.9, the passing rate was 59.6% (143/240), 87.6%(338/386) respectively, indicating that the outcome was improved obviously in 2006 compared to that in 2004. Conclusions In the past three years, health knowledge of endemic arsenic and fluorosis has been improved among pupils and housewives in these areas.

Animals ; Cromolyn Sodium ; administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Intestines ; blood supply ; Mast Cells ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; mortality ; pathology ; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine ; administration & dosage

Objective To investigate the distribution and projective feature of cat olivocochlear neurons. Methods Eleven adult cats were divided into two groups randomly. The experimental group of eight cats was injected of I% cholera toxin B (CTB) to the left cochlea, while injected of 5% fluoro gold (FG) to the right cochlea. The control group of three cats was injected of saline to bilateral cochlea. After a survival time of 7 days, serial frozen sections were cut in the cat brainstem. All the sections were processed by immunofluoreseent procedure for CTB and FG, and the labeled olivocochlear neurons were observed byfluorescent microscope. Results In the experimental group, the mean total of olivocochlear neurons labeled by CTB and FG was 3210 ± 168, including lateral olivocochlear neurons (LOC, 2298 ± 120) and medial olivocochlear neurons (MOC,913 ± 64). The labeled neurons were divided into three different types according to their feature of projection: neurons which only projected to the ipsilateral cochlea, neurons which only projected to the contralateral cochlea, and double-labeled neurons which projected both to the ipsilateral and contralateral cochlea, but the double-labeled neurons comprised 3.9% and 15. 1% in the LOC and MOC system respectively. No labeled neurons were found in the control group. Conclusions There are three types of neurons in the cat olivocochlear system. The neurons which projected to the bilateral cochlea may distribute both in the LOC and MOC system.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal MRI in the detection of abnormal placental cord insertions (APCIs) comparing with prenatal ultrasound and pathological examination.Methods:A retrospective data collection was conducted on 440 patients who underwent both prenatal placental ultrasound and MRI at the Foshan Women and Children Hospital from December 2013 to December 2021. Among them, 37 cases were APCIs confirmed by surgery or pathology. The prenatal placental MRI findings were analyzed and compared with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. The diagnostic efficacy of prenatal MRI and ultrasound in diagnosing APCIs was calculated.Results:Among the 37 cases of APCIs confirmed by surgery or pathology, 17 cases had marginal cord insertion (MCI), 13 cases had velamentous cord insertion (VCI), 5 cases had vasa previa (VP), and 2 cases had VCI combined with VP. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound diagnosis for APCIs were 59.5% (22/37) and 97.8% (394/403), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI diagnosis for APCIs were 86.5% (32/37) and 98.5% (397/403), respectively. Among the 37 cases of APCIs, prenatal MRI missed diagnosis of 2 cases of MCI, 2 cases of VCI, and misdiagnosed 1 case of VCI as an accessory placenta. MRI identified 10 cases of APCIs missed by ultrasound, including 5 cases of MCI, 2 cases of VP, 2 cases of VCI, and 1 case of combined VCI with VP. Additionally, ultrasound misdiagnosed 4 cases of APCIs, including 2 cases of VCI misdiagnosed as MCI and 2 cases of MCI misdiagnosed as VCI.Conclusions:For APCIs complicated with abnormalities of placental location or morphology, or placental accretion spectrum disease in late pregnancy, MRI has a higher diagnostic efficacy than ultrasound.

O bjective To understand the effects and clinical significance of the 2019 guidelines for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) detection. Methods:According to the 2014 guidelines, 548 cases of invasive breast cancer with equivocal HER2 (2+) detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in Taizhou Enze Medical Center, Zhejiang Province, China from 2013 to 2019 were selected. The results of IHC and HER2/CEPl7 double-probe were reevaluated and divided into groups according to the 2019 guidelines for the comparative analysis.Results:Among the 548 IHC HER2 (2+) invasive breast cancers, the number of positive, equivocal and negative cases for HER2 were 96 (17.52%), 81 (14.78%) and 371 (67.70%), respectively, according to the 2014 guidelines. However, according to the 2019 guidelines, 10 cases (1.82%) were reclassified as IHC 1+, 2 cases in the group 2 were reclassified as negative, and all the originally equivocal cases in group 4 were reclassified as negative. Finally, the total number of positive and negative cases for HER2 were 94 (17.15%) and 454 (82.85%), respectively.Conclusions:After applying the 2019 guidelines, the number of IHC 2+ cases decreases, and the positive rate for HER2 also decreases slightly due to the reevaluation change in groups 2 and 4, leading to reclassification of the cases that were deemed equivocal according to the 2014 guidelines. In general, the new 2019 guidelines are more reasonable and easier to use.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of simvastatin on vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 protein expression in the aorta in a rat model of atherosclerosis.

METHODSThirty-six rats were randomized into control group (n=10), atherosclerosis model group (n=13) and simvastatin intervention group (n=13). In the latter two groups, rat models of atherosclerosis were established by intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 combined with high-fat feeding for 6 weeks, and the control rats were fed with regular diet. In the intervention group, the rats were further fed with high-fat diet with daily simvastatin treatment for 4 weeks. After the treatments, the pathological changes and plaque in the thoracic aorta were observed, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected with immunohistochemistry. TUNEL assay was used to determine the apoptosis index (AI) of the vascular endothelial cells.

RESULTSCompared with that in the control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in the aorta of atherosclerotic rats was significantly decreased (P<0.05); simvastatin treatment obviously increased the expression of Bcl-2 protein in atherosclerotic rats (P<0.05) to a level similar to that in the control group. The AI was the highest in the model group (P<0.05) and comparable between the control and simvastatin treatment group.

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of simvastatin against atherosclerosis is probably mediated by up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein, which inhibits vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in rats with aortic atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture-moxibustion on negative emotions and plasma tryptophan (Trip)-kynurenine (Kyn) metabolism in the patients with Crohn's disease (CD) at the mild and moderate active stage. METHODS: A total of 66 CD patients were randomized into an observation group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (33 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the observation group, acupuncture was applied in combination with moxibustion. In the control group, the sham-acupuncture was used in combination with sham-moxibustion. In both of the observation group and the control group, acupuncture was applied to Zhongwan (CV 12), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Gongsun (SP 4), Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Taixi (KI 3) and Taichong (LR 3), and moxibustion was applied to Tianshu (ST 25) and Zusanli (ST 36). The treatment was given once every two days, 3 times a week, totally for 12 weeks. Separately, before and after treatment, the score of the hospital anxiety-depression scale (HADS) and the score of intestinal core symptoms (degree of abdominal pain and frequency of diarrhea) were observed in the patients of the two groups. The concentration of plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and the ratios of Kyn/Trp, QuinA/Kyn, KynA/Kyn and KynA/QuinA were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, the scores of HADS-A and HADS-D in the observation group and the score of HADS-A in the control group were all reduced after treatment ( CONCLUSION Acupuncture and moxibustion relieve the negative emotions of anxiety and depression in CD patients at mild and moderate active stage, which is probably related to the regulation of plasma Trp-Kyn metabolic pathway.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Crohn Disease/therapy* ; Emotions ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Plasma ; Treatment Outcome ; Tryptophan

Antrodia cinnamomea is extensively used as a traditional medicine to prevention and treatment of liver cancer. However, its comprehensive chemical fingerprint is uncertain, and the mechanisms, especially the potential therapeutic target for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unclear. Using UPLC‒Q-TOF/MS, 139 chemical components were identified in A. cinnamomea dropping pills (ACDPs). Based on these chemical components, network pharmacology demonstrated that the targets of active components were significantly enriched in the pathways in cancer, which were closely related with cell proliferation regulation. Next, HCC data was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and DisGeNET were analyzed by bioinformatics, and 79 biomarkers were obtained. Furtherly, nine targets of ACDP active components were revealed, and they were significantly enriched in PI3K/AKT and cell cycle signaling pathways. The affinity between these targets and their corresponding active ingredients was predicted by molecular docking. Finally, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that ACDPs could reduce the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and downregulate the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, contributing to the decreased growth of liver cancer. Altogether, PI3K/AKT-cell cycle appears as the significant central node in anti-liver cancer of A. Cinnamomea.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of health education in the treatment of pneumoconiosis patients with bronchoalveoar lavage( BAL) during perioperative period. METHODS: Ninety-six pneumoconiosis patients treated with BAL in hospital were divided into observation group and control group( 48 cases in each group). The patients in the control group were given routine perioperative health education, and the patients in the observation group implemented perioperative health education in accordance with the health education pathway. Adverse reactions in hospital were collected,and the awareness of perioperative health knowledge of BAL was surveyed. RESULTS: Before implement of the health education pathway,there was no difference( P > 0. 05) in the health knowledge between the 2 groups. After implementation of the health education pathway,the awareness of health knowledge of observation group and control group were higher than that of the same group before implementation of the health education pathway( P < 0. 01). The awareness of 15 items of health knowledge was higher( P < 0. 05) and the incidences of intraoperative cough and postoperative low fever were lower in the observation group than in the control group( 4. 2% vs 25. 0%,2. 1% vs 16. 7%,P < 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Executing effective healthy education pathway in perioperative BAL is helpful to improve the knowledge of disease prevention and control in pneumoconiosis patients,and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions during BAL.