With deeper studies on the endocrine axis of growth hormone-releasing hormone-growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor(GHRH-GH-IGF-1),the correlation between molecular analysis of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene,nucleoside acid polymorphism and idiopathic short stature(ISS) have been explored gradually.The GHR gene abnormalities often occurred in extracellular domain of GHR proteins,resulting in dysfunction of intracellular signal transduction of GHR.When the growth hormone couldn't play a role or be insensitive fully,the ISS happened.As reported,GHR single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP),particularly the GHR-exon3 polymorphisms,have closely correlated with the susceptibility to ISS.GHR gene abnormalities and SNP often have been related to the levels of serum IGF-1 and growth hormone binding protein,and the response of recombinant human growth hormone therapy.The screening candidate genes like GHR gene in ISS,the expression of functional protein and analysis of SNP can improve level of genetic diagnosis,and would be important for clearing the etiology and regulating the clinical treatment of ISS.

The comparative study on the chemical components of Cuscuta japonica and Cuscuta chinensis Lam have been carried out with TLC, paper chromatography and HPLC. As a result, both possessed similar chemical components and same polysaccharide compositions. But the polysaccharide recovery of Cuscuta japonica is three times as high as that of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Both of them have 16 kinds, of amino acids. The content of 9 kinds of amino acids of Cuscuta japonica was higher than that of Cuscuta chinensis. These findings suggested that the developement and utilization of resources of Cuscuta japonica be available.

127 cases of benign and malignant breast lesions were observed with silver-binding method of nucleolar organizer region(Ag NOR).The results showed that there is obvious dif- ferenee of Ag NOR counts in nuclei of cells beween benign and malignant lesions and the dis- tributions,sizes and forms of the AgNOR in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and scirrhus among malignant tumors of breast.The higher malignant degree,The more amount of AgNOR the tumor cell has,and The higher proliferation the tumor cell has.This method is useful as a ma- jor assistant criterion to differentiate malignant and benign tumor and to sort the type of breast tumor.

The cerebral salt wasting syndrome and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion are frequent in hyponatremia in patients with intracranial disorders.There is a major problem about the incidence,diagnosis,and differentiation of cerebral salt wasting syndrome and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in patients with acute central nervous system disorders.Clinical presentation of cerebral salt wasting syndrome is similar to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion,but the therapy is different.So differential diagnosis is essential for appropriate management.This paper differentiate two kinds of diseases from the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the similarity of dissolution profiles of self-produced and original drug cefuroxime axetil tab-lets.Methods Based on the dissolution detection method in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the dissolution behaviors of the self-pro-duced preparation and original drug were investigated in pure water,0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid,0.05 mol/L hydrochloric acid, pH4.5 and pH6.8 medium and the rotation speed of 50,25,75 r/mim.The stripping curves were evaluated by the f2 factor method. Results In the rotation speed of 50 r/min,the f2 factors in different mediums were 57.65,79.17,73.56,66.83 and 62.33 respec-tively;the medium was 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid with the rotation speed of 25,75 r/min,the f2 factors were 65.35 and 78.48 re-spectively.Conclusion The stripping curves of self-produced preparation and original drug are similar under various conditions.

BACKGROUND: In association with advanced startover of hypothalamus-pituitary-sexual gland axis, the growth of skeleton is accelerated and epiphyseal fusion occurred earlier in puberty precocity children. In clinic,Chinese drug for nourishing yin and reducing fire retards bone age and the advanced fusion in the disease. At the age of sexual development, Chinese drug for benefiting kidney to supplement essence is replaced to promote sexual development and accelerate skeleton growth. The patients with puberty precocity are the same to that in normal puberty in sexual development and bone growing, just being advanced in time. But, it is still unknown the mechanism of Chinese drugs on bone growth and effects on somatostatin (SS) in bone growth.OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulation of kidney-nournishing Chinese drug on periventricular nucleus (PeVN) SS.DESIGN: Completely randomized group division and control experiment were designed.SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Institute of Pediatrics of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Fudan University from October 2001 to April 2002, in which, 24 SD white rats were employed, of purebred, female and clean grade. 4 groups were randomized, named the control A, the group with drugs of nourishing yin and reducing fire (experiment group No. 1), the control B and group with drugs of nourishing yin and reducing fire + benefiting kidney to supplement essence (experiment group No.2),6 rats in each group.METHODS: ① Control A:physiological saline was applied for gastricperfusion, 5 mL each time, once per day, totally for 1 month. Experiment No. 1 group: Chinese mixture for nourishing yin and reducing fire was applied for gastric perfusion, composed of shengdihuang (Radix Rehmanniae),zhiguiban (Chinemys reevesii.), huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri) and zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae) etc, 5 mL each time, once per day, totally for 1 month. Control B: physiological saline wasapplied for gastric perfusion,5 mL each time, once per day, totally for 2 months. Experiment No.2 group:Firstly, Chinese mixture for nourishing yin and reducing fire was applied for gastric perfusion, 5 mL each time, once per day, totally for 1 month.And then Chinese mixture for benefiting kidney to supplement essence was applied for breeding, composed of shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), guibanjiao (Colla Carapacis Testudinis), xianlingpi, lujiaojiao (Colla Cornus Cervi) etc., 5 mL each time, once per day, totally for 1 month.② In situ hybridization staining procedure with floating and routine immunohistochemical technique. Medical imaging analysis software was used to assay PeVN SS mRNA, SS immunoreactive neuron counts and absorption (A value) of positive cell area that reflects the gene expression and protein expression. Number of positive neurons of unit area refers to the positive neuron counts in each square millimeter.③ Singer-factoranalysis of variance was used for the comparison of measurement data. F test was adopted for difference comparison among groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effects of Chinese drugs for nourishing yin and reducing fire and benefiting kidney to supplement essence on PeVN SS gene mRNA and protein expressionRESULTS: 24 rats were all in result analysis. ① PeVN SS mRNA positive neuron counts, positive neuron counts of unit area and A value of positive cell area: Those in experiment No.1 group was higher remarkably than the those of control A (P ＜ 0.05); and those in experiment No.2 group were lower remarkably than those of experiment No. 1 group (P ＜ 0.05). ② PeVN SS positive neuron counts, positive neuron counts of unit area and A value of positive cell area: those in experiment No. 1 group: those in experiment No.1 group were higher remarkably than those of control A (P ＜ 0.05) and those in experiment No.2 group were lower remarkably than those of experiment No. 1 group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: By controlling hypothalamus SS gene expression and protein expression, Chinese drugs for nourishing yin and reducing fire and benefiting kidney to supplement essence regulate the synthesis and releasing of pituitary growth hormone.

BACKGROUND: Thoracic outlet syndrome can be divided into nervous system type and vascular type according to different compressed structure. Nervous system type has typical clinic manifestations,physical signs,radiological evidence and electromyogram variation. So,there is wide prospect for clinic application about evaluation of compression of nerve in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome by electrophysiological examination.OBJECTIVE: To study diagnostic significance of electrophysiological examination to thoracic outlet syndrome.DESIGN: A completed and randomized research based on patients.SETTING: An electrophysiological department in a municipal hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty patients diagnosed as thoracic outlet syndrome were collected in Neurology and Neurosurgery Department,Hand Surgery Department and Clinic of Dalian Central Hospital from April 1998 to July2002,in which there were 5 males and 15 females,aged 31 -67,average46.0 years,with course of 2 - 7 years,average 4.5 years.METHODS: Nerve conduction velocity,wave amplitude and corresponding muscular needle electrode electromyogram(EMG) of median nerve,ulnar nerve,interior and exterior cutaneous nerve in forearm,suprascapular nerve,axillary nerve,musculocutaneous nerve,radial nerve were tested by keypoint myoelectricity evoked potential equipment made in Denmark.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of nerve electrophysiological examination.RESULTS: The type of compression of nerve trunk manifested as slower sensory and motor conduction velocity of nerve dominated by corresponding trunk across axillary section,lower wave amplitude and loss of nerve of corresponding muscle.CONCLUSION: Nerve electrophysiological examination is of important significance to diagnose thoracic outlet syndrome.

Objective: To study the stability of forsythiaside. Methods: The stability of forsythiaside was studied by using UV spectrum obsiving the changes of spectrums in different conditions. Results: Forsythiaside was very unstable under the condition of alkali (pH=9.40), relatively stable at the pH=6.86, 60?Cand stable at the pH= 4.03 . Conclusion: The stability of forsythiaside can be affected by the condition of the acid, alkali and temperatures obviously.

Object To optimize the best technical parameters through controlling the different factors. Methods Taking spherical degree and pill weight as index, the above factors were observed by orthogonal test. Results PEG4000 as matrix, methyl silicon oil as refrigerant. Internal and external diameter of burette are 4 1 mm and 6 1 mm, dropping into the refrigerant that composed of 40 ℃—50 ℃,10 ℃—30 ℃,0 ℃—4 ℃ by 20 ℃—30 ℃ droppings per minute. Conclusion The highest finished product with good quality can be got through this process.

Objective·To construct effective shRNA-lentiviral vector targeting rat Eap1 gene and explore the effect of Eap1 on Kiss1 at cellular level. Methods·Four shRNA sequences targeting rat Eap1 mRNA and one negative control sequence were designed and synthesized, and then recombined with lentiviral vectors. After DNA sequencing identification, the shRNA recombinant vectors were co-transfected into 293T cells with pGag/Pol, pRev, pVSV-G to packaging lentiviral particles and the virus titers were determined. NRK-52E cells were transfected with all the four lentiviral-Eap1-shRNAs and the negative control lentivirus, and cells were harvested after 72 h. Real-time PCR and Western blotting was performed to detect the change of the mRNA and protein level of Eap1 gene. The most effective LV-Eap1-shRNA was used to infect NRK-52E cells [non-lentivirus and Eap1-shRNA(-) lentivirus as control groups], and then the level of Kiss1 mRNA expression was detected after infection for 72 h. Results·Seventy-two hours after transfection, the Eap1 mRNA and protein expression between blank group and LV-shRNA(-) group showed no significant difference; while Eap1 expression in all LV-Eapl-shRNA groups reduced significantly in comparing to the control groups. In addition, the lentiviral-Eap1-shRNA4 was the most effective in RNA interference. After blocking Eap1 expression in NRK-52E cells, the Kiss1 mRNA level was significantly increased comparing to the control groups. Conclusion·The effective Eap1-shRNA lentiviral vector is established successfully. The Kiss1 gene expression decreases after blocking Eap1 in NRK-52E cell line.