Anatomic Landmarks ; Dental Occlusion ; Dentofacial Deformities ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Maxillary Osteotomy ; Orbit ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: This study was to compare the characteristics between parthenogenetic mES (P-mES) cells and in vitro fertilization mES cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mouse oocytes were recovered from superovulated 4 wks hybrid F1 (C57BL/6xCBA/N) female mice. For parthenogenetic activation, oocytes were treated with 7% ethanol for 5 min and 5microgram/ml cytochalasin-B for 4 h. For IVF, oocytes were inseminated with epididymal perm of hybrid F1 male mice(1x106/ml). IVF and parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in M16 medium for 4 days. Cell number count of blastocysts in those two groups was taken by differential labelling using propidium iodide (red) and bisbenzimide (blue). To establish ES cells, blastocysts in IVF and parthenogenetic groups were treated by immunosurgery and recovered inner cell mass (ICM) cells were cultured in LIF added ES culture medium. To identity ES cells, the surface markers alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1, 3, 4 and Oct4 staining were examined in replated ICM colonies. Chromosome numbers in P-mES and mES were checked. Also, in vitro differentiation potential of P-mES and mES was examined. RESULTS: Although the cleavage rate (> or =2-cell) was not different between IVF (76.3%) and parthenogenetic group (67.0%), in vitro development rate was significantly low in parthenogenetic group (24.0%) than IVF group (68.4%) (p<0.05). Cell number count of ICM and total cell in parthenogenetic blastocysts (9.6+/-3.1, 35.1+/-5.2) were significantly lower than those of IVF blastocysts (19.5+/-4.7, 63.2+/-13.0) (p<0.05). Through the serial treatment procedure such as immunosurgery, plating of ICM and colony formation, two ICM colonies in IVF group (mES, 10.0%) and three ICM colonies (P-mES, 42.9%) in parthenogenetic group were able to culture for extended duration (25 and 20 passages, respectively). Using surface markers, alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1 and Oct4 in P-mES and mES colony were positively stained. The number of chromosome was normal in ES colony from two groups. Also, in vitro neural and cardiac differentiation derived from mES or P-mES cells was confirmed. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that P-mES cells can be successfully established and that those cell lines have similar characteristics to mES cells.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Antigens, CD15 ; Bisbenzimidazole ; Blastocyst ; Cell Count ; Cell Line ; Embryonic Stem Cells* ; Embryonic Structures ; Ethanol ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Male ; Mice* ; Oocytes ; Propidium

Objectives : The proper development of the facial structures relies upon a sequence of tightly regulated signaling interactions between the ectoderm and mesoderm involving the participation of several families of signaling molecules. Among these, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been suggested to be a key signal that regulates the development of the mandible and the initiation and morphogenesis of the teeth. The aim of this study was to examine the artificial development of the mandibular structures and to examine the role of BMPs on tooth morphogenesis and differentiation using an organ culture system. Materials and Methods : The tooth germs from Ed 11.5, 13.5 mice were dissected, and transplanted into the diastema of the mandible primordia. The mandibles containing the transplanted tooth germs were cultured in vitro. During this period, beads soaked with BMP4 were implanted around the transplanted tooth germs. In addition, a diastema block containing the transplanted tooth germ was dissected, then transferred to an adult mouse kidney. After the organ culture, the developing mandibular explant was removed from the kidney and prepared for the tissue specimens. Odontogeneis of the transplanted tooth germs was examined after Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson-trichrome staining. Results : Proliferation and differentiation of the tooth germs cultured in the diastema was observed. In the BMP4-treated tooth germs, the formation of the first and second molars was noted. The crown of the developing tooth showed the formation of a mature cusp with the deposition of enamel and dentin matrix. In conclusion, it was confirmed that BMP4 is involved in the formation of a dental crown and the differentiation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts of the molar tooth during the development of the transplanted tooth germs.
Adult ; Ameloblasts ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins* ; Crowns ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Diastema ; Ectoderm ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mandible ; Mesoderm ; Mice ; Molar ; Morphogenesis ; Odontoblasts ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Tooth Germ ; Tooth*

Ameloblastoma of the maxilla is an unusual epithelial tumor of odontogenic origin. According to many authors and reports, ameloblastoma account for approximately 1% of all tumors of the jaws, but when pseudo-tumors and cysts are excluded, the ratio rises to 11%. Of these tumors,80% originate in the mandible, while 20% originate in the maxilla. Although it is considered benign histopathologically, it can behave in a slowly growing infiltrative fashion, with multiple recurrences and eventual intracranial, or even distant, spread. We clinically analyzed common site in maxilla, radiographic findings, recurrence rate, duration between treatment and recurrence, the presence and site of distant metastasis in 15 patients who were diagnosed as ameloblastoma of the maxilla and took treatments from 1985 to 1999 in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Hospital, Seoul National University. In this paper, treatment outcomes and our clinical experiences of maxillary ameloblastoma are reported with review of literatures.
Ameloblastoma* ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible ; Maxilla* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Surgery, Oral

BACKGROUND: Fetal bovine serum is widely used as a growth supplement for cell culture medium; however, animalbornepathogens increase the risk of transmitting infectious agents. Platelet-rich fibrin is recently considered as a successfulalternative but leukocytes present limits to its allogeneic feasibility. The aim of this study was to explore the effects ofallogeneic fibrin clot (AFC) without leukocytes on inducing odontogenic/cementogenic differentiation of human dentalpulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: AFC was prepared by high-speed centrifugation and leukocytes were almost removed, and AFC serum wasobtained through three freeze–thaw cycles. hDPSCs and hPDLSCs were treated with AFC serum to investigate theodontogenic or cementogenic associated markers by real-time polymerase chain reaction. hDPSCs were treated with AFCserum and placed inside of dentin canal, hPDLSCs were treated with AFC serum to wrap outside of dentin, the mixture wasthen transplanted into the subcutaneous of nude mice for 12 weeks. RESULTS: AFC serum exhibited enough growth factors and cytokines to induce odontogenic/cementogenic differentiationof hDPSCs and hPDLSCs in vitro. Furthermore, AFC seurum could induce hDPSCs to differentiate into odontoblastslikecells and pulp-like tissues, and hPDLSCs to regenerate cementum-like tissues. CONCLUSION AFC could be an alternative safe source with growth factors for the expansion of human dental mesenchymalstem cells (hDMSCs).

BACKGROUND: Fetal bovine serum is widely used as a growth supplement for cell culture medium; however, animalbornepathogens increase the risk of transmitting infectious agents. Platelet-rich fibrin is recently considered as a successfulalternative but leukocytes present limits to its allogeneic feasibility. The aim of this study was to explore the effects ofallogeneic fibrin clot (AFC) without leukocytes on inducing odontogenic/cementogenic differentiation of human dentalpulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: AFC was prepared by high-speed centrifugation and leukocytes were almost removed, and AFC serum wasobtained through three freeze–thaw cycles. hDPSCs and hPDLSCs were treated with AFC serum to investigate theodontogenic or cementogenic associated markers by real-time polymerase chain reaction. hDPSCs were treated with AFCserum and placed inside of dentin canal, hPDLSCs were treated with AFC serum to wrap outside of dentin, the mixture wasthen transplanted into the subcutaneous of nude mice for 12 weeks. RESULTS: AFC serum exhibited enough growth factors and cytokines to induce odontogenic/cementogenic differentiationof hDPSCs and hPDLSCs in vitro. Furthermore, AFC seurum could induce hDPSCs to differentiate into odontoblastslikecells and pulp-like tissues, and hPDLSCs to regenerate cementum-like tissues. CONCLUSION AFC could be an alternative safe source with growth factors for the expansion of human dental mesenchymalstem cells (hDMSCs).

Pigmented villonodular synovitis(PVNS) usually presents as a benign proliferative monoarticular arthritis that affects the knee in 80% of cases, followed in frequency by the hip, ankle, and calcaneocuboid joint. PVNS rarely affects temporomandibular joint area. Patients typically complain of pain, locking, and recurrent swelling. Tumor progression limits the range of movement of the joint and causes it to become stiff and firm. Sometimes a palpable mass can be appreciated. Aggressive form of PVNS invades into adjacent bones and soft tissues, is confused with other types of neoplasia. Here we report 2 cases of the PVNS on a temporomadibular
Ankle ; Arthritis ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular* ; Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*

OBJECTS: With the advancement of tissue engineering techniques, the effort to develop bioartificial mucosa have been actively delivered. The problem we met with this technique is the lack of mechanical strength between kerationocyte layer and dermal layer, where in the normal skin and mucosa, they are tightly bound with rete ridge structure. The purpose of this study is to understand the 2D and 3D structure of rete ridge of mucosa and skin paddle for rendering more biomimetic structure to the artificial mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral mucosa and skin from the patients who received the oral surgery and maxillofacial reconstruction were harvested. The epidermis was separated from the dermis after treating with dispase for 12-16 hours. H and E staining was performed for 2D(dimensional) structure study and confocal LASER and SEM study were performed for 3D structure. Mean height(Sc) and arithmetic mean deviation(Sa) of all surface height were calculated. RESULTS: The average height of rete ridge of skin flap was between 67.14micrometer and 194.55micrometer. That of oral mucosa was between 146.26micrometer and 167.51micrometer. Pressure bearing area and attached gingiva of oral mucosa showed deeper rete ridges. CONCLUSION: To obtain the adequate strength of artificially cultured keratinocyte skin and mucosa flap, it is necessary to imitate the original skin and mucosa structure, especially rete ridge. Through this study, 2D and 3D rete ridge structure of normal mucosa and skin was obtained. These results can be used as basis for substrate morphology for keratinocytes culture.
Biomimetics ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Mouth Mucosa* ; Mucous Membrane ; Skin* ; Surgery, Oral ; Tissue Engineering

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and clinical features of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Korea. METHODS: Web-based (www.armd-nova.or.kr) registration was conducted for AMD patients aged 50 or more who were newly diagnosed by retinal specialists in Korea from August 20, 2005 to August 20, 2006. Patient data including ophthalmologic examination, fundus photography, fluorescein angiogram and/or indocyanin green angiogram (ICG), past medical history, behavioral habit, combined systemic diseases were up-loaded. RESULTS: Among finally enrolled 1,141 newly diagnosed AMD patients, 690 patients (60.5%) were male and 451 patients (39.5%) were female. The average age of AMD patients was 69.7+/-8.0. Early AMD was observed in 190 patients and 951 patients had late AMD. Classic choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) was observed in 18.6% of exudative AMD patients and 63.4 % had occult CNVM. Subfoveal CNVM was observed in 80.4% of the patients with CNVM. Among the 580 exudative AMD eyes that performed indocyanin green angiography (ICG), 184 eyes (31.7%) had polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and 36 eyes (6.2%) showed retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Age, male gender, smoking, diabetes and hypertension significantly increased the risk of the AMD among Koreans. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the low rate of participation by retinal specialists, definite incidence of AMD was not obtainable. However, the estimated 1-year AMD incidence in the Pusan area of Korea is at least 0.4%. In contrast to Western people, 31.7% of exudative AMD cases were revealed to be PCV and 6.2% were revealed to be RAP. This discrepancy between ethnic groups should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment modality selection of Korean AMD patients.
Aged ; Angiography ; Choroid ; Ethnic Groups ; Eye ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Korea ; Macular Degeneration ; Male ; Membranes ; Photography ; Retinaldehyde ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Specialization