No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) primarily occurs in preterm infants suffering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and kept under mechanical ventilator care. Therefore, this study aimed to examine various risk factors for PIE, to identify conditions that can decrease the possibility of PIE development. METHODS: PIE classification was conducted for 183 patients diagnosed to have RDS and receiving mechanical ventilator care with pulmonary surfactant between March 2000 and February 2007. The characteristics of each patient were analyzed through retrospective examination of their medical histories. RESULTS: Among 183 patients, 17 had PIE; all factors, including birth weight, gestational age, RDS grade III or above, chorioamnionitis, and premature rupture of membranes, were statistically significant (P<0.05). The period of mechanical ventilator use was statistically significant, but the peak mean airway pressure and peak partial pressure of inspired oxygen were not. PIE mainly occurred on the right side or both sides rather than the left side and mostly developed within 72 h. The PIE group showed higher mortality rate than the control group, and the major cause of mortality was pneumothorax. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for PIE in infants suffering from RDS and kept under mechanical ventilator care include low gestational age, low birth weight, chorioamnionitis, and premature rupture of membranes. If any risk factors are noted, the infant must be observed closely for at least 72 h after birth.
Birth Weight ; Chorioamnionitis ; Emphysema ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Membranes ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Parturition ; Pneumothorax ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Surfactants ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Stress, Psychological ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the relationship between local factors and survival rate of dental implant which had been installed and restored in Seoul Veterans Hospital dental center for past 10 years. And when the relationship is found out, it could be helpful to predict the prognosis of dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of patients receiving root-shaped screw-type dental implants placed from January 2000 to December 2009 was conducted. 6385 implants were placed in 3755 patients. The following data were collected from the dental records and radiographs: patient's age, gender, implant type and surface, length, diameter, location of implant placement, bone quality, prosthesis type. The correlations between these data and survival rate were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of Kaplan-Meier analysis, Chi-square test and odds ratio. RESULTS: In all, 6385 implants were placed in 3755 patients (3120 male, 635 female; mean age 65 +/- 10.58 years). 108 implants failed and the cumulative survival rate was 96.33%. There were significant differences in age, implant type and surface, length, location and prosthesis type (P<.05). No significant differences were found in relation to the following factors: gender, diameter and bone quality (P>.05). CONCLUSION: Related factors such as age, implant type, length, location and prosthesis type had a significant effect on the implant survival.
Dental Implants ; Dental Records ; Hospitals, Veterans ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Prognosis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Humans

In order to compare the efficacies of some surgical procedures for correction of congenital muscular tortiollis, we evaluate 36 patients who had been treated either by unipolar release (19 patients) or bipolar release (17 patients) of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle at Seoul National University Children Hospital from August 1985 to June 1993. The average follow up period was 4.1 years (range, 1 year to 7 years and 8 months). The average ages at the time of operation was 3.4 years (range, 11 months to 7 years and 1 month) in the unipolar group and 9.7 years(range, 4 years and 5 months to 16 years and 11 months) in the bipolar group. Postoperatively, flexion and extension range of motion of the neck was not limited of limited less than 10 degrees, if present, in all cases. In rotation motion, 89.4% of the unipolar group and 94.1% of the bipolar group showed no limitation or limitation of less than 10 degrees when compared to the normal side postoperatively. In lateral bending, however, 21.1% of the unipolar group and 21.5% of the bipolar group showed limitation of more than 10 degrees when compared to the normal side postoperatively. Facial asymmetry, which was present in 89.4% of the unipolar group and all cases of bipolar group preoperatively, disappeared in 73.7% of the unipolar group and 23.5% of the bipolar group and improved in 94.1% of the unipolar group and 64.7% of the bipolar group. The over-all functional and cosmetic results were assessed according to the modified Ling's criteria. In function results, 14 patients(73.3%) had excellent or good results in unipolar group and 12 patients(70.6%) in bipolar group. In cosmetic results, 15 patients(78.9%) had excellent or good results in unipolar group and 11 patients(64.7%) in bipolar group. Recurrence rate was higher in the unipolar group (15.8%) than in the bipolar group (5.8%). In conclusion, limitation of lateral bending was more resistant to the treatment than the limitation of rotation. Bipolar release of SCM muscle would be recommendable even in young children in terms of recurecce.
Child ; Facial Asymmetry ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neck ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Torticollis

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the influence of low-dose oxygen (FiO2 <25%) therapy through nasal cannulae on the progress and prognosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as well as methods of preventing ROP. METHODS: Our subjects comprised premature infants (gestation period <37 weeks; birth weight <1,750 g) born in Daegu Fatima Hospital between February 1,2001 and January 31,2006. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the medical records of 273 patients who were available for eye examination and follow up over 6 months. RESULTS: The factors maximally influencing the occurrence of ROP were low gestation age and low birth weight. We observed that the incidence of ROP increased with the increasing duration of low-dose oxygen therapy. ROP onset was delayed during ongoing oxygen therapy; however, rapid progression of ROP occurred after the discontinuation of oxygen therapy among premature infants up to the prethreshold stage. CONCLUSION: To prevent of occurrence of severe ROP and its rapid progression, the period of low-dose oxygen therapy needs to be shortened. Moreover, frequent eye examinations should be performed after the discontinuation of oxygen therapy.
Birth Weight ; Catheters ; Diterpenes ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lung Diseases ; Medical Records ; Oxygen ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Early surfactant treatment and minimal ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia needed prolonged oxygen supplement is a problem. This study aimed to report the effects of early surfactant treatment and minimal ventilation on the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 139 premature newborn infants (gestational age, 36 weeks; birth weight, 1,500 gm) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Daegu Fatima Hospital between January 2001 and December 2006. We analyzed the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with respect to ventilator care and surfactant treatment. RESULTS: The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was significantly higher with prolonged ventilator care, moderate to severe respiratory distress syndrome, and low Apgar score (P<0.001). Despite early surfactant treatment and minimal ventilation, mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia occurs in a considerable number of patients with mild respiratory distress syndrome. The patient group with low Apgar scores required ventilator care for a prolonged period (P=0.020). CONCLUSION: Early surfactant treatment and minimal ventilation shortens the duration of ventilator care; however, the preventive effe cts on bronchopulmonary dysplasia are limited. The refore, not only early surfactant treatment and minimal ventilation but also appropriate management in the delivery room is essential.
Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Delivery Rooms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Oxygen ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND: The end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is defined as a partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of an exhaled breath. And it has been found to correlate with cardiac output during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in animal model. The purpose of this study is to determine that the assessment of ETCO2 could provide a highly sensitive predictor of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during CPR. METHODS: Prospective, observational study was performed from Oct 1996 to Mar 1997 at the Severance hospital. All patients were endotracheally intubated and connected immediately to mainstream capnography sensor. We measured ETCO2 with Escort II model 20100 monitor(Medical Data Electronics, Inc, USA). It works on the principle of nondispersed infrared absorption with radiometric single beam optics. RESULTS: This study included 70 patients (52 were men) with a mean age of 54+/-15 years. ROSC was obtained in 43 patients. The initial ETCO2 averaged 15.5 +/-8.2 mmHg in survivors and 6.5+/-5.3 mmHg in nonsurvivors (p<0.01), and during the first 20 minutes of CPR, the maximal ETCO2 averaged 29.7+/-10.3 mmHg in survivors and 10.2+/-8.9 mmHg in nonsurvivors (p<0.01). ETCO2 was not significantly different in relation to initial rhythm, survival time after ROSC and possible cause of arrest. There is no cutoff value of ETCO2 satisfying greater than 90% of both sensitivity and specificity in predict ROSC. When maximal ETCO2 was less than 12 mmHg, we observed sensivity of 100% in predicting ROSC. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that ETCO2 measurement represents a valuable, noninvasive, and clinical tool for monitoring patients during CPR.
Absorption ; Capnography ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Observational Study ; Partial Pressure ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Survivors

Although the sternalis muscle has been well known to anatomists, it is quite unfamiliar to clinicians. During routine educational dissection, we came across a well-defined bilateral double sternalis muscle innervated by the intercostal nerve, respectively. The right sternalis muscle 1) became tendinous to insert into the sternum and 2) crossed midline and then intermingled with the left pectoralis major muscle, which could be classified into a double with single cross based on Snosek et al.'s criteria. The left sternalis muscle was composed of two bellies, which were combined at the midway, and became tendinous to insert into the contralateral manubrium, which could be classified into a bicipital diverging with double cross based on Snosek et al.'s criteria. The detailed knowledge on the sternalisis is important for clinicians as well as for anatomists, since the clinical importance of the sternalis muscle has been highlighted in recent years.
Anatomists ; Cadaver* ; Humans ; Intercostal Nerves ; Manubrium ; Sternum