Identifying remains is an important role of forensic medicine. For identification, dating, i.e., estimating the birth year and death year, is expected as useful, however has not yet been practically applied. A dating method using radiocarbon analysis was recently introduced and related studies have been reported. In this study, we conducted radiocarbon analysis on teeth and aimed to develop a formula to estimate the birth year. Fifteen autopsy cases from the National Forensic Service, from December 2014 to December 2020, with known birth year were selected for inclusion. For each case, dentin of the first molar in mandible was taken, radiocarbon analysis was carried out and the corresponding estimated birth year were calculated using the bomb peak curve. The differences between the birth year and the teeth year were determined and analyzed on the influence of variables. A formula for estimating the birth year was developed and the applicability of the formula was determined. The difference between the birth year and the teeth year was 2.6 years on average for cases born before 1963, and 5.7 years for those born after 1963. The estimation formula of birth year was as follows: (Before 1963) Birth year=0.565×(Tooth year)–0.446×(Age)+875.001, (After 1963) Birth year=Tooth year–5.7. This study is meaningful in that it reduced the error by using only the first molars of the lower jaw as a sample, and presented an estimation formula of birth year that can be applied in practice through radiocarbon analysis of teeth.

The identification for skeletal remains is one of roles of forensic medicine. For this purpose, dating, i.e., estimating the birth year and death year is expected as useful, however has not yet been practically applied. A dating method using radiocarbon analysis was recently introduced and related studies have been reported. In this study, we tried to confirm the applicability of radiocarbon dating for the identification of skeletal remains and to develop formulas to estimate the death year. Thirty-four autopsy cases from the National Forensic Service, from December 2014 to July 2022, with known death year were selected for inclusion. For each case, two samples were taken: the spongy bone of the femur head, and the compact bone of the femur midshaft. For each sample, radiocarbon analysis was carried out and the corresponding femur year were calculated using the bomb peak curve. The differences between the femur year and the death year were determined and analyzed on the influence of variables. A formula for estimating the death year was developed and the applicability of the formula was determined. The results showed that the difference between death year and femur head year was 14.2 years on average. In male, the difference between death year and femur head year increased with age, however, it did not show any difference according to age in female. The estimation formula of death year was as follows: (In male) Death year=0.993×(Femur head year)+0.288×(Age)+15.061, (In female) Death year=0.769×(Femur head year)-0.218×(Age)+489.676. The formula for male had relatively high explanatory power (adjusted R2=0.710), however, the formula for female had low explanatory power (adjusted R2=0.588). This study is meaningful because it is the largest single study of its kind, to date, and uses specific and identical skeleton (femur head/femur midshaft) to increase the accuracy of the death year estimation. We expect that the results of this study will be supplemented through additional research in the future.

The occurrence of acute ischemic stroke in childhood is rare. The etiology of childhood ischemic stroke is different from that of an adult, and coagulation abnormalities are suspected to be related. Protein S is a vitamin-K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits the coagulation system by serving as a cofactor for activated protein C, and the clinical manifestations of its deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C deficiency. We reported the case of a child who presented with right side weakness and who was diagnosed as having a cerebral infarction associated with protein S deficiency as the cause of stroke.
Adult ; Cerebral Infarction ; Child ; Humans ; Plasma ; Protein C ; Protein C Deficiency ; Protein S Deficiency* ; Protein S* ; Stroke*

Uterine adenomyosis, which is known as a benign gynecological disease, can induce hypercoagulable state and be an uncommon cause of cerebral thromboembolism, as cerebral infarction is common in patients with malignant neoplasm. We report a woman with uterine adenomyosis who shows several episodes of cerebral infarction and discuss the stoke mechanism and treatment of this under-recognized etiology of stroke.

Endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma occurs in 1-9% of endometrial adenocarcinomas and adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation in approximately 25%. We report a rare case of mucinous adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation in a 53-year-old woman. Curetting biopsies of the endometrial lesion were taken twice after hormone replacement therapy, which lasted for four months. Because the squamous differentiation was so extensive, the initial diagnosis based on each curetting specimen was squamous papilloma. A total hysterectomy was performed and the tumor was revealed to be a mucinous adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation. We subsequently discussed the pathogenesis and prognosis of this type of tumor.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucins* ; Papilloma ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Infarction*

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a relatively well-recognized complication of bacterial meningitis, but is a rare initial manifestation in acute cryptococcal meningitis. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis initially presenting with bilateral SNHL. Cryptococcal meningitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of abrupt-onset bilateral SNHL.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal*

Syphilis is a rare cause of aortic inflammatory lesion and stroke. A 65-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of right hemiplegia and hemianopsia. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging of the brain revealed bihemispheric cerebral infarctions. Echocardiography demonstrated aortic regurgitation, pericardial effusion, and dilatation of the aortic root. MR aortography showed intramural hematoma in dilated ascending and descending aorta. The serum Venereal Disease Research Laboratory and Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination test were positive. The level of protein in cerebrospinal fluid was increased. After treatment with penicillin for three weeks, her neurological status progressively improved. As syphilis can lead to aortitis and aortic dissection, it should be considered as a treatable cause of stroke.
Aged ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Aortitis ; Aortography ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Dilatation ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemianopsia ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Penicillins ; Pericardial Effusion ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Stroke ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cardiovascular ; Treponema pallidum

Body lateropulsion is a common manifestation of lateral medullary infarction (LMI), and usually associated with vertigo, limb ataxia, sensory disturbance, and Horner's syndrome. However, isolated body lateropulsion as a presenting symptom of LMI is rare, and the responsible lesion for lateropulsion remains uncertain. We report a 71-year-old woman who showed isolated body lateropulsion as a presenting symptom of LMI. Ipsilateral body lateropulsion in our patient may be ascribed to the involvement of the ascending dorsal spinocerebellar tract rather than the descending lateral vestibulospinal tract, which runs more ventromedially.
Ataxia ; Female ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Infarction ; Spinocerebellar Tracts ; Vertigo

Macropsia is a rare disorder of visual perception characterized by the perception of a definite increase in the size of objects. We report a 64-year-old man who presented with left hemimacropsia and left homonymus upper quadrantanopsia. A brain MRI showed a high intensity signal in the right lingual gyrus and fusiform gyrus including the Brodmann area 18 on the T2WI and DWI. Brain MRA showed occlusion of the right proximal PCA. This lesion was mainly in the posterior part of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway.
Brain ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Posterior Cerebral Artery* ; Vision Disorders* ; Visual Pathways ; Visual Perception