OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a neonate with Pierre-Robin sequence. METHODS: The child was subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array)-based comparative genomic hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. RESULTS: The child has featured microgthnia, glossoptosis, upper airway obstruction, mandible dehiscence and short neck. He was found to have a karyotype of 46,XY,der(4)add(4)(q34). Her mother's karyotype was determined as 46,XX,t(1;4)(q43;q34), while his father was 46,XY. SNP-array analysis suggested the child to be arr [hg19] 1q42.2q44 (232 527 958-249 202 755)× 3; 4q34.3q35.2 (168 236 901-190 880 409)× 1. The result of SNP-array for both parents was normal. FISH analysis confirmed that his mother has carried a balanced t(1;4)(q42;34) translocation. The aberrant chromosome 4 in the child has derived from his mother's translocation, which gave rise to partial 1q trisomy and 4q monosomy. CONCLUSION The 1q42.2q44 duplication and 4q34.3q35.2 deletion of the child probably underlay his abnormal phenotype of Pierre-Robin sequence.
Child ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Monosomy ; Pierre Robin Syndrome/genetics* ; Translocation, Genetic ; Trisomy/genetics*