Objective To explore the mechanism of aluminum-induced damage of learning and memory by studying the change of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ) in the hippocampus of lactational rats. Methods Three groups of clean pregnant Wistar rats (120-200 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups. On the first day of parturition, the dams of two groups were given 0.3% and 0.6% AlCl3 through drinking water and terminated on the weaning day (21 days). Western blot was used to determine the content and activity of ?-CaMKⅡ. Results The aluminum levels in the blood and brain of aluminum-treated rats were obviously higher than that in the control (P

Objective Study the common symptoms of sub-healthy people. Methods Study the 59 symptoms of the 1 828 cases of sub-healthy people that the study of DME Research on TCM Syndrome of Sub-health State had collected. Select the symptoms by analysis of percentage, mean, correlation and discriminance. Finally, find out the symptomatic characters of the sub-healthy people by the data mining method of decision tree. Result There were 26 variables selected from the 56 symptoms. The result of decision tree showed that low quality of sleep, fatigue, dry in throat, acid and distend in eyes, ache, emptiness in heart had greater relations with sub-health. Conclusion Low quality of sleep, fatigue, dry in throat, acid and distend in eyes, ache, emptiness in heart are the symptoms that have greater relations with sub-health.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzenesulfonates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Pyridines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction

A novel fluorescent imprinted polymer (CDs@ MIP) with selective recognition of hemoglobin was prepared by the sol-gel method using fluorescent carbon dots as the carrier material, 3-aminopropyltrieth-oxysilane as the functional monomer, tetraethoxysilane as the crosslinking agent and bovine hemoglobin as template molecule. The results of IR and scanning electron microscopy showed that the molecularly imprinted polymer was coated on the surface of fluorescent carbon dots. The CDs@ MIP showed selective recognition properties for bovine hemoglobin with an imprinting factor of 4. 60. Also the adsorption ability and specific recognition performance of CDs@ MIP were investigated, and it was found that the CDs@ MIP had high selectivity toward bovine hemoglobin, and the selection factors for ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin and human serum albumin were 4. 38, 4. 73 and 3. 66, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of CDs@ MIP for bovine hemoglobin was 0. 1-10. 0 μmol/ L and the detection limit was 23. 0 nmol/ L. The CDs@ MIP was successfully used for the determination of bovine hemoglobin in bovine blood samples with recoveries of 99. 0％ -102. 5％ .

OBJECTIVETo study the common characters of sub-healthy people.

METHODSQuestionnaire of clinical epidemiological investigation was adopted in the sub-healthy people.

RESULTSThe commonest symptoms and their frequency in sub-healthy people were fatigue 78.7%, poor quality of sleep 73.4%, amnesia 59.9%, fatigue irrelievable after rest 59.1%, dry throat 59.0%, dizziness 58.6%, dry and xerotic eyes 58.3%, ache with distension eyes 57.8%, ache 56.4%, early awakening 52.7%, difficulty in falling asleep 52.5%, irritability 51.8%, etc. The commonest risk factors were lack of relaxation 60.4%, lack of physical exercise 58.0%, working with frequent extra shifts 56.7%, air pollution 56.2%, noise pollution 51.3%, etc. The commonest syndrome types in sub-healthy people were insufficiency of Pi-qi type 10.2%, Gan-qi stagnation and Pi deficiency type 10.1%, deficiency of Xin and Pi type 9.7 %, retention of dampness due to Pi-deficiency type 7.4% and qi deficiency type 4.2%, et al.

CONCLUSIONThe commonest symptoms in sub-healthy people are fatigue, poor quality of sleep, amnesia, irrelievable fatigue after taking rest, dry throat, dizziness, dry and xeritic eyes, ache with distension in eyes, ache, early awakening, difficulty in falling asleep, irritability, etc. The commonest risk factors are lack of relaxation and physical exercise, working with frequent shift, air and noise pollution. The commonest syndromes of sub-healthy people are insufficiency of Pi-qi type, Gan qi stagnation and Pi deficiency type, deficiency of Xin and Pi type, retention of dampness due to Pi deficiency type, qi deficiency type. These provides evidence for prevention and treatment of sub-health with TCM.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Chinese medical soft indexes provided by the four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are the important basis for syndrome differentiation and treatment. Whereas, the difficulty in scientific measurement and objective evaluation of these soft indexes is intensified due to the complexity and nonlinearity of Chinese medical practice and thinking of diagnosis and treatment, as well as the subjectivity and complexity hold by the person, who plays as the host and the guest of practice and research. Referring to the knowledge and technique of sociology, psychology and statistics, it is tried, in this study, to probe in the basic processes for soft index dependent efficacy evaluation of TCM, and build its mode preliminarily, i.e. , standardization - screening and reconstruction - measurement - weighing and quantification - evaluation.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; methods ; standards ; Research Design ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo study the promoter methylation pattern of p16 and hMLH1 genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and reflux esophagitis, and to correlate the results with clinical and pathologic findings.

METHODSTwelve cases of normal esophagus, 13 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 43 cases of reflux esophagitis with basal cell hyperplasia and 21 cases of reflux esophagitis with dysplasia, as confirmed by endoscopic and pathologic examination, were enrolled into the study. Genomic DNA was extracted. The promoter methylation status of p16 was measured by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The promoter methylation status of hMLH1 was measured by sodium bisulfite-restriction enzyme digestion. Immunohistochemical study for p16 and hMLH1 proteins was also carried out.

RESULTSThe rates of p16 methylation in normal esophageal epithelium, basal cell hyperplasia, dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 0/12, 14.0% (6/43), 38.1% (8/21) and 6/13, respectively. The p16 methylation correlated with the progress of esophageal lesions. On the other hand, the hMLH1 methylation was not observed in the normal esophageal epithelium and reflux esophagitis. One case of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma showed the presence of hMLH1 methylation. The hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation did not correlate with the clinical and pathologic features.

CONCLUSIONSThe p16 methylation may be one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and is also observed in reflux esophagitis. Reflux esophagitis may be related to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese population. In contrast, hMLH1 methylation may not be directly involved in the tumorigenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; genetics ; pathology ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Precancerous Conditions ; genetics ; pathology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics

Objective:To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention measures on reducing the mortality rate of infants born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women.Methods:A total of 9 773 infants born to pregnant women with positive HIV antibody and confirmed HIV infection in Sichuan Province from 2005 to 2019 were included. The changes of infant mortality, death composition, time of death, and main causes of death in the whole province and different regions at baseline (2005 to 2016) and after comprehensive intervention measures (from 2017 to 2019) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted by chi-square test and trend chi-square test.Results:After the intervention, the infant mortality rate born to HIV-infected mothers was 49.6‰ (221/4 455), which dropped 40.6% compared to the baseline (83.5‰ (444/5 318)), and that in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture was 53.3‰ (186/3 491), which dropped 48.3% compared to the baseline (103.1‰ (379/3 676)). Furthermore, the infant mortality rate in Sichuan Province and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture decreased with time (trend χ2=42.058 and 60.041, respectively, both P<0.01). The proportions of infant death of HIV-infected mothers among the total infant death in Sichuan Province and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture decreased from 29.3% (130/444) and 25.9% (98/379) to 13.6%(30/221) and 9.7%(18/186), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=19.918 and 20.020, respectively, both P<0.01). The infant death time was mainly delayed from less than one month (31.5%(140/444) and 28.5%(108/379), respectively) to 2-3 months (27.6%(61/221) and 28.5%(53/186), respectively) in Sichuan Province and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=24.642 and 26.009, respectively, both P<0.01). The infant mortality rates due to pneumonia, diarrhea, suspected HIV infection, premature delivery or low birth weight decreased from 44.4‰ (236/5 318), 12.0‰ (64/5 318), 4.9‰ (26/5 318) and 4.3‰ (23/5 318) at baseline to 26.9‰ (120/4 455), 7.6‰ (34/4 455), 1.8‰ (8/4 455) and 0.7‰ (3/4 455), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=21.010, 4.734, 6.691 and 12.182, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Through the implementation of comprehensive intervention measures, the infant mortality rates of HIV-infected mothers in Sichuan Province and the high endemic areas decrease significantly. However, it is necessary to pay more attention to the high death risk and the infant death in the middle or low endemic areas. The infant health care of HIV-infected mothers within six months should be strengthened. The quality of follow-up and health care services targeted to the main cause of death should be improved.

Objective To investigate the new way that can improve the emergency treatment rate on patients with traumatic brain injuries in Guangdong mountain area. Methods New emergency treatment way was adopted from June 2006 to June 2008 in patients traumatic brain injuries and these patients were chosen as experimental group. Control group is composed of patients treated with old emergency treatment way from June 2004 to June 2006. The pre-hospital mortality rate, in-hospital mortality rate and CPR success rate in the 2 groups were compared; the interphase between injury and receiving treatment, and the rescuing radius in these 2 groups were analyzed. Results Control grouphad the in-hospital mortality rate and pre-hospital mortality rate reaching 29.06% (68/234) and 32.76%(114/348), respectively, which was significantly higher than the experimental group (in-hospital mortality rate: 10.49% [28/267], pre-hospital mortality rate:18.10% [59/326]) (P<0.05). The maxima rescuing radius and mean interphase between injury and receiving treatment in the experimental group (10 km, 50min) were statistically different as compared with those in the control group (70 km, 85 min) (P<0.05).CPR success rate in the experimental group (80.32%) was obviously higher man that in the control group (23.24%) (P<0.05). The death rate in the experimental group was increased following the prolonged interphase between injury and receiving treatment. Conclusion The new way, by increasing 120urgent care centre, shortening the rescuing radius and reaction time, strengthening the care technique ofthe doctors and nurses and reinforcing the equipment in the urgent care centre, can obviously increase the emergency treatment rate.

Objective To observe the morphological changes of root canals with aging in maxillary first premolars by using cone-beam computerized tomography(CBCT) in order to facilitate endodontic management of root canals in various aged patients.Methods The digital CBCT data of the maxillary first premolars in 405 cases from the patients in Oral Medical Center of The First Affiliated Hospital,Jinan University from March 2011 to June 2015 were collected.The CBCT images were divided into 6 groups according to the patients' ages:groups 11-20,21-30,31-40,41-50,51-60 and ＞60 years-olds,respectively.Changes of morphologies of root canals with aging including such parameters as types of the root canal,incidence of double root canals in single rooted teeth,distance between both root canal orifices of double rooted canals,and morphological change of the cross section of roots.Chi-square test and liner trend testwere adopted in statistical analysis in the present study.Results The distribution of various types of the root canals were significantly different amongst various aged groups(P＜0.05).Type Ⅳ is the most common type (210/405,51.8％),and the following groups were type Ⅱ (65/405,16.0％),type Ⅰ (55/405,13.6％) and type Ⅲ (27/405,6.7％).Along with aging,the percentages of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ decreased while type Ⅱ increased.However,there were no remarkable changes of type Ⅳ observed.The incidence of double rooted canals in single rooted teeth gradually increased with aging especially in 20-years-old and above groups,e.g.51.7％(31/60) in group 11-20 years-olds and 83.0％(44/53) in group 21-30 years-olds.However,there was no significant increase observed after the age of 40.The distance between both root canal orifices of double rooted canals became shorter with aging except in groups of 40-years-olds and above.The morphologies of the cross sections in most aged groups were flat shaped(1 020/2 105,48.5％) and oval shape (594/2 105,28.2％).Along with aging,the percentage of circular shape gradually increased while flat and oval shapes decreased.Conclusions The morphology of root canal could be clearly showed by the CBCT images.The change of morphologies of the root canals in maxillary first premolars was significantly related to aging.Along with aging,the morphology of the root canal became more and more complicated.