In this article, the author analyzed the present problems of English teaching in medical academies. Guided by the theory of language cognition and second language acquisition, the author pointed out that the cultivation of students' ability of individual study should be intensified and the development in "language intelligence" should be weighted due to its important role in solving the present problems. According to the teaching practice and relevant investigations the author offered some suggestions on contents of the courses, curriculum design and choice of textbooks.

To study the effectiveness of gene therapy for acoustic trauma induced by intensive noise, the replication defective adenovirus that carries human neurotrophin 3 cDNA(Ad NT3) was inoculated into the guinea pig cochlea 3 days after exposure. ABR and CAP were recorded after 14 days and 2 months, respectively. No difference was found 14 days after exposure. At the end of two months, the Ad NT3 treated animals showed less ABR threshold shift, lower CAP threshold and shorter CAP N1 latency by 100dBSPL click. The result suggested that Ad NT3 could be used to express the neurotrophins within the cochlea and reduce noise induced hearing loss in vivo .

OBJECTIVE To construct Hep-2 cell line with stable transfection of siRNA-STAT3 gene, and to explore the relationship between STAT3 expressionand the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. METHODS Specific STAT3 oligonucleotides were designed and synthesized. These oligonucleotides were annealed form the double strands DNA fragments. Then the fragments were cloned into pGPU6/GFP/Neo vector. The recombinant PGPU6/GFP/Neo-siRNA-STAT3 plasmid was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequence analysis at the same time. Positive clones were selected out by G418 and p-STAT3 expression was identified by Western-blot analysis. The growth curve of the Hep-2 cells was drawn based on MTT assay and the growth ability of single Hep-2 cell was measured according to the plate colony formation assay respectively. RESULTS PGPU6/GFP/NEO-siRNA-STAT3 expression vector was successfully constructed. Western-blot analysis identified that p-STAT3 expression declined obviously in siRNA- STAT3 group compared with that in negative control and blank group. The growth curve explained that the Hep-2 cells of siRNA-STAT3 group began to show obvious inhibitory effect until they were inoculated in the culture plate for 3 days(P =0.001).There were pronounced inhibitory effect after 5 days(P=0.000). The results also showed time-effect relationship of the inhibition. Furthermore, the cell colony formation rate of siRNA- STAT3 group was less than the negative control and blank group(P =0.000). CONCLUSION We successfully selected out Hep-2 cell line expressed siRNA-STAT3 gene stably and efficiently in this study. Down regulation of STAT3 correlated with the inhibition of growth of Hep-2 cells.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and associated mechanism of PNS in spinal cord hemisection injury.Methods fifty-five adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,sham group(n =5),spinal cord injury group(n =25),PNS group(n =25).The rats were evaluated in behavioral test with BBB score,pathology and immunohistochemistry at 1 d,3d,7d,14d,21d after the procedures.Results Motor recovery was significantly better in PNS group than the spinal cord injury group at 3d,7d,14d and 21d.Nissl staining showed less neuron necrosis and more integrated neural cells in morphology.cPLA2 expression was inhabited in PNS group,and less number of positive cells were found in the group.Conclusion PNS can inhibit the expression of cPLA2 after spinal cord injury,which may be one of the mechanisms of its effect on promoting motor recovery.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) associated mechanism of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) in spinal cord hemisection injured rats. Methods 55 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group (n=5), spinal cord injury group (n=25) and PNS group (n=25). The rats were evaluated with BBB score, pathology and immunohistochemistry 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after intervention. Results Compared to the spinal cord injury group, motor recovery was significantly better in PNS group 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after intervention (P<0.05). Nissl staining showed less neuron necrosis and more integrated neural cells in morphology in PNS group 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after intervention. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) expression was inhabited, and less number of positive cells were found in PNS group 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after intervention. Conclusion PNS can inhibit the expression of cPLA2 after spinal cord injury, which may be one of the mechanisms of its effect on promoting motor recovery.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the clinical characteristics, in-hospital and three-year outcome in ST-elevation myocardial Infraction (STEMI) patients receiving conservative treatment (CT), thrombolytic treatment (TT) and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Beijing.

METHODSThis 12-month prospective, multicenter registry study was conducted in 19 hospitals with 808 patients with STEMI in Beijing between Jan. 2006 and Dec. 2006, 518 (64%) received PCI, 106 (16.1%) received TT and 184 (22.8%) received CT therapy. Patients were followed up for 3 years.

RESULTSAt baseline, the age of patients in CT group [(64.5 ± 13.5) years] was significantly higher than those in TT group p(57.9 ± 11.0) years] and in PCI group [ (60.4 ± 12.3) years, all P<0.01]; and the median time from symptom onset to hospital in CT group (207 min) was significantly longer than those in TT group (130 min) and PCI group (130 min, all P<0.01). Emergency Medical Service (EMS) use was significantly higher in PCI group (184/518, 35.5%) than in CT group (46/184, 27.3%) and TT group (29/107, 25.0%, all P<0.05). Health insurance holder was the highest in PCI group (P<0.01). PCI was performed less frequently than thrombolytic therapy [66.6% (345/518) vs. 80.2% (85/106)m P=0.02] during off-hours and more frequently performed in tertiary hospitals than in secondary hospitals[66.8%(437/651) vs. 52.6% (81/154, P<0.01)]. The in-hospital mortality and the cardiovascular mortality at 3 year after hospital discharge was significantly higher in CT group [9.2% (17/185) and 9.4% (15/159)] than in PCI group [3.5% (18/518), 4.5% (20/446)] and TT group [6.6% (7/106), 2.3% (2/86), all P<0.01]. Patients in PCI group had the highest adherence level of aspirin, β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers or statins at 3-years follow-up (all P<0.05). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that only PCI was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular death (HR-0.40, 95% CI:0.21-0.73, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSocial and clinical setting may affect the physician's decision to provide reperfusion therapy in Beijing for STEMI patients. Better adherence of secondary preventive drugs and lower cardiovascular death are observed in STEMI patients receiving PCI during the 3-year follow-up

Aged ; China ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prognosis

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of MGIT liquid medium fluorescence instrument manual interpretation method for rapid detection of Mycobacterium. Methods Two hundred sputa with newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients were collected from October 2008 to January 2009 in the district hospitals in Shanghai. Of these 200 sputa, 67 sputa were positive AFB, 133 were negative. All the sputa were isolated by L-J, BacT / Alert 3D system and MGIT liquid medium methods. Results Of the 200 sputa specimens,105(52. 5% ) were isolated as Mycobacterium strains. The positive culture rate of the MGIT, BacT/Alert 3D and L-J method was 49. 5% ( 99/200 ), 48. 0% (96/200) and 45.0% ( 90/200), respectively. The MGIT culture positive rate was significantly higher than that of L-J method (x2 = 5.40, P = 0. 020 1 ). Of the 133 sputa with negative AFB, the positive culture rate was 24. 8% ( 33/133 ), 23. 3% ( 31/133 ) and 18. 8% (25/133) with MGIT, BacT/Alert 3D and L-J method, respectively. The MGIT culture positive rate with the AFB negative sputum was significantly higher than that of L-J method (x2 = 5. 33, P = 0. 020 9 ).The median time of detection with MGIT, BacT/Alert 3D system and L-J method was 11 days, 15 days and 22 days, respectively. Comparing the median time of detection of MGIT with BacT/Alert 3D, the difference was statistically significant ( Z = 3.414 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ). Comparing the median time of detection of MGIT with L-J method, the difference was statistically significant (Z =7.083,P＜0. 01).Conclusions MGIT liquid medium manual method is a rapid detection method of Mycobacterium with a high positive detection rate, and do not need expensive equipment This method may suitable to resource limited medical institutions due to its low cost and short round time.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experience for the reconstruction of upper lip defects in different degrees.

METHODSDifferent treatment methods were selected to reconstruct the upper lip defects according to the subunit, size or location of defects on the upper lip. The therapeutic results were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSFrom Jan. 1998 to Apr. 2012, 243 cases with upper lip defects were treated, including 85 cases of traumatic defects, 110 cases of defects secondary to lip cleft and 48 cases of defects after tumor resection. 48 cases were treated with direct closure, 69 cases with cross-lip flaps, 5 Cases with orbicularis oris muscle flaps, 53 cases with unilateral labial flaps, 42 cases with bilateral labial flaps, 22 cases with lower lip flaps, and 1 case with forehead flap, 1 case with forearm flap and 2 with nasolabial fold flaps. The patients were followed up for 3-18 months with satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSSatisfactory results could be achieved for upper lip defects with appropriate treatment methods according to the defects degree and characters.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cosmetic Techniques ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Lip ; injuries ; surgery ; Mouth Mucosa ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

This article described the background,concept,characteristic and objective of the research-based nursing,systematically introducing the main measures including management mechanism, nursing service,nursing staff training,and nursing scientific development.Other areas covered include innovation management mechanism,updating service philosophy,improving nursing staff training,and constructing scientific research platform.

OBJECTIVETo explore whether ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction can enhance the expression efficiency of plasmid pIRES-rhBMP2-EGFP for bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2) in mice skeletal muscle.

METHODSTwenty four male BALB/c mice were divided into four groups. The naked plasmid was injected into the pretibial muscle or the quadriceps muscle (group A and group C) without ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction method. Micobubbles with plasmid were injected into the pretibial muscle or the quadriceps muscle (group B and group D) with destructing microbubbles by ultrasound immediately. Twelve mice (group A and group B, 30 microg plasmid injected) were killed after 7 days and the tissue samples of the pretibial muscle were obtained to observe the expression of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) by inverted fluorescence microscope, gene transfection efficiencies were quantified by counting EGFP positive fibers on mice skeletal muscle. After 14 days, the other twelve mice (group C and group D, 100 microg plasmid injected) were killed and immunnohistochemical technique was applied to detect the rhBMP-2 gene expression.

RESULTSThe percentage of GFP-positive fibers was significantly lower in the group A than that in the group B. After 14 days, expression of rhBMP-2 was detected in cells and interstitial spaces in the group C and group D, and expression efficiency of rhBMP-2 in the group D was significantly higher than that in the group C.

CONCLUSIONUltrasound-mediated microbubble destruction could enhance the transfection and expression efficiency of rhBMP-2 gene in skeletal muscle of mouse in vivo. It is a new gene therapy method for periodontal regeneration.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Genetic Therapy ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microbubbles ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Plasmids ; Transfection ; Ultrasonics