OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop search filters able to retrieve the South Korean scientific output and relating the fields of public health, preventive medicine, and physical education, activity, fitness, exercise and sport in MEDLINE between 2000 and 2007. METHODS: The search filters were constructed and applied in MEDLINE accessed through PubMed according to the affiliation and subject. The language and place of publication were identified and the evaluation of the geographical filter performance was done. RESULTS: The search format was successfully elaborated and applied, and the articles originated, published in Korea and/or abroad focusing on the fields of public health, preventive medicine, physical education, activity, fitness, exercise and sport, added to MEDLINE between 2000 and 2007 were retrieved. Publications in six languages originated in South Korea were detected. CONCLUSIONS: A geographic search filter determined the South Korean research output, and combined with additional filters focused on specific areas. The dynamics of the scientific output followed an increased evolution in all categories. Articles were written mainly in English/Korean. Further research is recommended on developing search strategies in order to retrieve precise and reliable information.
Humans ; Korea ; Physical Education and Training ; Preventive Medicine/*methods ; Public Health/*methods ; *Sports

Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletes ; Boxing ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Physical Education and Training ; methods ; Young Adult

Based on the theoretical and experimental researches of neuromuscular electrical stimulation to simulate muscular force training, the results showed: The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is much better than that of muscular electrical stimulation (MES); The increase of muscle force is closely related to the mode and electro properties of electrical stimulation; NMES can fulfill the muscle force training with lower energy consuming, so it is practical helpful method before, during and post training muscle force training; The method of NMES simulating muscle force training can meet the synchronous and harmonious ability of muscle group.
Electric Stimulation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Neuromuscular Junction ; physiology ; Physical Education and Training ; methods ; Physical Endurance ; Physical Exertion

OBJECTIVETo analyze the motor performance status in students of Han nationality in fifteen provinces in china.

METHODSTotally, 161 804 students of Han nationality aged from 7 to 18 years old were involved in the Chinese Surveillance on Students' Physical Fitness and Health in 2004. Motor abilities were accessed with the aid of gripping power, 50 m dash, standing long jump, and 1-min sit-ups. Based on general statistical description, principal component analysis and linear regression, the development characters of students' motor performance were explored.

RESULTSThis research showed some characters similar to those of last ones: motor capability was improved in correlation with age; boys did better than girls, the difference between 18 year-old rural boys and rural girls was 15.3 kg, -2.0 s, 58.6 cm, 8.7/min; the urban students performed better than the rural ones, the difference between 15 year-old urban boys and rural boys was 0.9 kg, -0.2 s, 3.5 cm, 3.5/min. The first principal component might represent the 4 tests greatly. Regression analysis on principal component quantitatively interpreted the influence of factors such as age, sex and area.

CONCLUSIONSThe general principles of exercise quality development of students are still in work. Principal component analysis should be adequate and convenient in motor performance analysis.

Adolescent ; Body Constitution ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Education and Training ; Physical Fitness ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Students ; statistics & numerical data ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of moxibustion pretreatment on the immune function of athletes during the courses of heavy load training.

METHODSTwelve male middle-distance race athletes were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 6) and a control group (n= 6). In observation group, mild moxibustion was applied at Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36) or Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) alternatively once daily, for 4 weeks. In control group, there was no any intervention. The expressions of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were detected by realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR method before heavy load training, after 3 weeks of treatment, after 1 week adjusting training.

RESULTS(1) The ratios of Testosterone/Cortisol (T/C) of (0.017 +/- 0.003) in the control group and of (0.021 +/- 0. 007) in the observation group after heavy load training for three weeks were significant lower than 0.036 +/- 0.009 and 0.037 +/- 0.013 before heavy load training in the same group, respectively (both P < 0.01) (2) IFN-gamma mRNA of (2.76 +/- 1.28) and ratio of IFN-gamma mRNA/IL-4 mRNA of (3.28 +/- 1.76) in the control group after heavy load training for three weeks were significant higher than 1.75 +/- 0.44 and 1.52 +/- 0.76 before heavy load training, respectively (both P < 0.05), and ratio of IFN-gamma mRNA/IL-4 mRNA of (0.86 +/- 0.66) after adjusting training for 1 week reduced significantly as compared with that after heavy load training for three weeks (P < 0.05). (3) In the observation group, IFN-gamma mRNA, IL-4 mRNA and ratio of IFN-gamma mRNA/IL-4 mRNA increased firstly and then restore with the time, but these changes had no significant differences (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion pretreatment can prevent Th1/Th2 imbalance of male middle-distance race athlete during the course of heavy load training.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletes ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; Male ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Physical Education and Training ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Testosterone ; blood ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Isokinetic technology in testing and training is the most advanced practical technique in the evaluation of muscle function. This method is a continuous dynamic test in the full range of the joint motion which has strong pertinence at the aspect of assessing muscle strength, and is an objective and quantitative method for reflecting each point's muscle strength in the range of the joint motion. This article reviews the key concepts, brief history of development and influencing factors of isokinetic technology in testing and training, introduces the progress in the field of rehabilitation medicine and sport science, etc., and discusses the future exploration in forensic science.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Isometric Contraction/physiology* ; Joints/physiopathology* ; Muscle Contraction/physiology* ; Muscle Strength/physiology* ; Muscle Strength Dynamometer ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology* ; Physical Education and Training/methods* ; Physical Exertion ; Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ; Posture ; Range of Motion, Articular/physiology* ; Sports Medicine ; Wounds and Injuries/rehabilitation*

INTRODUCTIONThis study objectively evaluates the effectiveness of a 6-week Preparatory Training Phase (PTP) programme prior to Basic Military Training (BMT) for less physically conditioned conscripts in the Singapore Armed Forces.

MATERIALS AND METHODSWe compared exercise test results of a group of less fi t recruits who underwent a 16-week modified-BMT (mBMT) programme (consisting of a 6-week PTP and 10-week BMT phase) with their 'fitter' counterparts enlisted in the traditional 10-week direct-intake BMT (dBMT) programme in this prospective cohort study consisting of 36 subjects. The main outcome measures included cardiopulmonary responses parameters (VO(2)max and V(O2AT)) with clinical exercise testing and distance run timings.

RESULTSAlthough starting off at a lower baseline in terms of physical fitness [VO(2)max 1.73 +/- 0.27 L/min (mBMT group) vs 1.97 +/- 0.43 L/min (dBMT), P = 0.032; V(O2AT) 1.02 +/- 0.19 vs 1.14 +/- 0.32 L/min respectively, P = 0.147], the mBMT group had greater improvement in cardiopulmonary indices and physical performance profiles than the dBMT cohort as determined by cardiopulmonary exercise testing [VO(2)max 2.34 +/- 0.24 (mBMT) vs 2.36 +/- 0.36 L/min (dBMT), P = 0.085; V(O2AT) 1.22 +/- 0.17 vs 1.21 +/- 0.24 L/min respectively, P = 0.303] and 2.4 kilometres timed-run [mBMT group 816.1 sec (pre-BMT) vs 611.1 sec (post-BMT), dBMT group 703.8 sec vs 577.7 sec, respectively; overall P value 0.613] at the end of the training period. Initial mean difference in fitness between mBMT and dBMT groups on enlistment was negated upon graduation from BMT.

CONCLUSIONPre-enlistment fitness stratification with training modification in a progressive albeit longer BMT programme for less-conditioned conscripts appears efficacious when measured by resultant physical fitness.

Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Exercise Test ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; statistics & numerical data ; Oxygen Consumption ; Physical Education and Training ; methods ; standards ; Physical Fitness ; Program Evaluation ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Running ; physiology ; Singapore ; Time Factors ; Young Adult