1.Effects of the dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides on the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in Miichthys miiuy fries.
Tian-xing WU ; Zeng-fu SONG ; Li-sheng CAI ; Xue-yan DING ; Qing-sen YU
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 2005;6(8):798-802
Effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides on the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in Miichthys miiuy fries were investigated. Nine hundred Miichthys miiuy fries were divided into 3 groups, each with triplicates. The basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with carnitine groups were considered as the negative and positive controls respectively. Results showed that the nitrogen concentration in excreted feces decreased significantly in fries fed the diet supplementation with 1000 x 10(-6) fructooligosaccharides and 200 x 10(-6) carnitine (P<0.05). The ammonic-nitrogen concentration decreased significantly in the carnitine group only (P<0.05), indicating the decreasing tendency caused by the supplementation with fructooligosaccharides. Supplementation with both did not have significant effects on the concentration of phosphorus in feces of Miichthys miiuy fries.
Administration, Oral
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Animals
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Dietary Supplements
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Feces
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Fishes
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metabolism
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Nitrogen
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metabolism
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Oligosaccharides
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administration & dosage
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Phosphorus
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metabolism
2.Mineral compositions in breast milk of healthy Chinese lactating women in urban areas and its associated factors.
Ai ZHAO ; Yibing NING ; Yumei ZHANG ; Xiaoguang YANG ; Junkuan WANG ; Wenjun LI ; Peiyu WANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2014;127(14):2643-2648
BACKGROUNDOptimal mineral intakes are important for infant growth and development. However, data on mineral compositions of breast milk in Chinese women are scarce, and most were acquired before 1990. The objectives of this study were three-fold: (1) to investigate the mineral compositions of Chinese healthy mothers' breast milk in different lactation stages; (2) to explore correlations among mineral concentrations in breast milk; and (3) to explore the associated factors affecting mineral compositions in breast milk.
METHODSThe inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze mineral concentrations in breast-milk of 444 healthy lactating women from three cities in China. A questionnaire was used to survey socio-demographic characteristics and pregnancy history. Food intakes by lactating women were measured using both food frequency questionnaire and one cycle of 24-hour dietary recall.
RESULTSMineral compositions of breast milk varied in different regions. Concentrations of most minerals were higher in the first one or two months of lactation, and then decreased with time, except for magnesium and iron. Inter-mineral correlations existed among several minerals. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio was above 2:1 in each lactation stage. Women with caesarean section had higher concentration of iodine in the transitional milk (349.9 µg/kg) compared to women with natural delivery (237.5 µg/kg, P < 0.001). Dietary mineral intakes, supplements, food intake frequencies in the recent 6 months, maternal age and maternal BMI did not show significant correlations with concentrations of milk minerals (all P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONSMilk minerals decreased with time, and changed most rapidly in the first one or two months of lactation. Caesarean section might affect the iodine level in transitional milk.
Adult ; Calcium ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Humans ; Iodine ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Lactation ; metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Milk, Human ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Minerals ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Phosphorus ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Pregnancy
3.Nutritional Status of Vitamin D and the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Korean Breast-fed Infants.
Mi Jung KIM ; Bomi NA ; So Jung NO ; Heon Seok HAN ; Eun Hwan JEONG ; Wonkuk LEE ; Younghee HAN ; Taisun HYEUN
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2010;25(1):83-89
We investigated the vitamin D status and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in Korean breast-fed infants. The healthy term newborns were divided into 3 groups; A, formula-fed; B, breast-fed only; S, breast-fed with vitamin D supplementation. We measured serum concentrations of vitamin D (25OHD3), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (AP), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and bone mineral density (BMD) at 6 and 12 months of age. Using questionnaires, average duration of sun-light exposure and dietary intake of vitamin D, Ca and P were obtained. At 6 and 12 months of age, 25OHD3 was significantly higher in group S than in group B (P<0.001). iPTH was significantly lower in group S than in group B at 6 months (P=0.001), but did not differ at 12 months. Regardless of vitamin D supplementation, BMD was lower in group B and S than in group A (P<0.05). Total intake of vitamin D differed among 3 groups (P<0.001, A>S>B), but total intake of Ca and P were higher in group A than in group B and S (P<0.001). In conclusion, breast-fed infants show lower vitamin D status and bone mineralization than formula-fed infants. Vitamin D supplementation (200 IU/day) in breast-fed infants increases serum 25-OH vitamin D3, but not bone mineral density.
Alkaline Phosphatase/blood
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Bone Density
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*Breast Feeding
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Calcifediol/*blood
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Calcium/blood
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Cholecalciferol/blood
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*Dietary Supplements
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Female
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Humans
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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Parathyroid Hormone/blood
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Phosphorus/blood
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Questionnaires
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Republic of Korea
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Vitamin D/*administration & dosage
4.Predicting postoperative total calcium requirements after parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Byung Heon KANG ; Soon Young HWANG ; Jeong Yeop KIM ; Yu Ah HONG ; Mi Yeon JUNG ; Eun Ah LEE ; Ji Eun LEE ; Jae Bok LEE ; Gang Jee KO ; Heui Jung PYO ; Young Joo KWON
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2015;30(6):856-864
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To prevent hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy (PTX), parenteral calcium is required in addition to oral calcitriol and calcium. After switching to oral calcium, patients can be discharged from the hospital. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PTX performed at a single Korean center and to investigate the associated laboratory factors used to analyze the total amount of postoperative calcium required. METHODS: We enrolled 91 hemodialysis patients undergoing PTX from November 2003 to December 2011. We collected clinical and laboratory data preoperatively, 12 and 48 hours postoperatively, at discharge, and 3 and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: In total, 59 patients underwent PTX with autotransplantation (AT), 6 underwent total PTX without AT, 11 underwent subtotal PTX, and 15 underwent limited PTX. Total PTX without AT showed the lowest recurrence rate. At all postoperative time points, the mean levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) decreased significantly, compared with preoperative levels; however, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly from 48 hours postoperatively to discharge (p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, the total amount of injected calcium during hospitalization showed a significant correlation with preoperative ALP (p < 0.001), preoperative iPTH (p = 0.037), and Deltaphosphorus at 48 hours (p < 0.001). We developed an equation for estimating the total calcium requirement after PTX. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative ALP, preoperative iPTH, and Deltaphosphorus at 48 hours may be significant factors in estimating the postoperative calcium requirement. The formula for postoperative calcium requirement after PTX may help to predict the duration of postoperative hospitalization.
Administration, Intravenous
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Administration, Oral
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Adult
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Aged
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Biomarkers/blood
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Calcium/blood
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Calcium Carbonate/*administration & dosage
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Calcium Compounds/*administration & dosage
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Calcium Gluconate/*administration & dosage
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*Decision Support Techniques
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*Dietary Supplements
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Female
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Humans
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Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/blood/diagnosis/*surgery
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Hypocalcemia/diagnosis/etiology/*prevention & control
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Lactates/*administration & dosage
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Linear Models
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Models, Biological
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Multivariate Analysis
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Parathyroid Hormone/blood
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Parathyroidectomy/*adverse effects
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Phosphorus/blood
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Recurrence
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Republic of Korea
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Retrospective Studies
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Risk Factors
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Time Factors
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Treatment Outcome
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Young Adult
5.Low dietary inorganic phosphate affects the lung growth of developing mice.
Cheng Xiong XU ; Hua JIN ; Youn Sun CHUNG ; Ji Young SHIN ; Soon Kyung HWANG ; Jung Taek KWON ; Sung Jin PARK ; Eun Sun LEE ; Arash MINAI-TEHRANI ; Seung Hee CHANG ; Min Ah WOO ; Mi Suk NOH ; Gil Hwan AN ; Kee Ho LEE ; Myung Haing CHO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2009;10(2):105-113
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a critical role in diverse cellular functions, and regulating the Pi balance is accomplished by sodium-dependent Pi co-transporter (NPT). Pulmonary NPT has recently been identified in mammalian lungs. However, to date, many of the studies that have involved Pi have mainly focused on its effect on bone and kidney. Therefore, current study was performed to discover the potential effects of low Pi on the lung of developing transgenic mice expressing the renilla/firefly luciferase dual reporter gene. Two-weeks old male mice divided into 2 groups and these groups were fed either a low PI diet or a normal control diet (normal: 0.5% Pi, low: 0.1% Pi) for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of the diet, all the mice were sacrificed. Their lungs were harvested and analyzed by performing luciferase assay, Western blotting, kinase assay and immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that low Pi affects the lungs of developing mice by disturbing protein translation, the cell cycle and the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2. These results suggest that optimally regulating Pi consumption may be important to maintain health.
Animals
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Blotting, Western
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Carrier Proteins/metabolism
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Immunohistochemistry
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Lung/drug effects/enzymology/*growth & development/metabolism
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Transgenic
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Phosphoproteins/metabolism
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Phosphorus, Dietary/*administration & dosage
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Phosphorylation
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Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/metabolism
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
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Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa/*metabolism