Several theories have been advanced to explain the formation of primary acquired or attic refraction Cholesteatomas including invagination of the pars flaccida, basal cell hyperplasia, otitis media with effusion, and perforation of the pars flaccida membrane with epithelial ingrowth. The study suggests it is the VA to be the cause of the otitis media with effusion and the attic Cholesteatomas.
cholesteatoma ; otitis media

Between 1978 and 1995, 63 patients with facial nervous palsy were treated. From them, 60 cases have petrosal origin and 3 cases - extra petrosal origin, including otitis, especially otitis with cholesteatoma, Bell paralysis, trauma (temporal bone fracture, frequently involving facial nerve). Among them 40 cases required surgical exploration of the facial nerve. 20 cases were treated by medicines.
Therapeutics ; Facial Paralysis

It is a radical technique. With delicate modified instruments, this technique can improve considerably the function because of the advances in technology that emphasize mucosal preservation
Vocal Cords ; Immunity, Mucosal ; surgery ; Laryngeal Diseases

The use of electro-acoustic impedance instrument to obtain a tympanogram is an excellent way for determining the status of tube function. The presence of a middle-ear effusion of high negative middle-ear press can be determined by this method. Unfortunately, assessment of the tympanograms is not simple. They always change.
diagnosis ; Middle Ear Ventilation ; physiology ; ear

Fat submucous injection into the vocal cord for treating unilateral vocal cord paralysis is a simple and effective technique. It can restore vocal cord function. This technique can be performed easily with the conventional modified instruments
Vocal Cord Paralysis ; therapeutics ; Adipocytes ; infection

32 patients with retraction pocked in different stages. Patients had clinical examination, otolaryn endoscopy and having tests such as: hearing measure, impedance audiometry and X ray. The main aim of treatment was to recover the ventilation of recessus epitympanicus but there was not any complete surgery method, each stage required the different techniques. Using surgery method on ventilation tube combined with a cartilage placed in the tympanic cavity in order to against the adhesion of otopiesis had effectiveness higher than simple technique
Diagnosis ; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases ; Otolaryngology ; Therapeutics

A study on 32 retraction pocked patients at various stages showed that: each stage of the retraction pocked should be done by one kind of technique. Four cases were treated by ventilation tube alone and 21 cases treated by ventilation tube combining with a cartilage placed in the tympanic cavity gave best result, 7 cases treated by ventilation tube combining with open the above ear . Ventilation tube alone did not improve hearing as well as the recovery of eardrum at surgery position. Ventilation tube combining with a cartilage placed in the tympanic cavity to prevent eardrum attack gave best results
retraction pocked