HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH ; BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ; INTERNSHIP AND RESIDENCY ; RESEARCH ; OPTHALMOLOGY ;

Human ; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE ; GLAUCOMA, ANGLE-CLOSURE ;

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of sibutramine on intraocular pressure (IOP) and body-mass index (BMI). METHODS: Thirty obese females (body-mass index>30 kg/m2) treated with sibustramine (10 mg/day) plus plus diet restriction for 3 months were included in the study. IOP, BMI, and blood biochemical parameters were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment. Results were evaluated statistically by paired t-test, analysis of variance, and least-significant difference test. RESULTS: A statistically significant decrease was observed in the mean body-mas index (p<0.001) ans serum triglyceride (p<0.001), while a statistically significant increase was observed in IOP (p=0.54). CONCLUSION: While sibustramine provided an effective means for weight loss, it caused a slight increase in IOP, although this was not statistically significant. Nevertheless, it is prudent to monitor IOP in selected obese patients treated with sibustramine.
Human ; Female ; Adult ; OBESITY ; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE

OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of frozen orbit caused by an unsuspected intraorbital foreign body. METHOD: This is a case report. RESULTS: A 31-year old Chinese man presented with a 6-month history of painless progressive right caruncular growth with mucoid discharge. He also had bilateral progressive reduction in ocular movements. His best-corrected vision was 6/9 bilaterally. A conjunctival granuloma arising from the right caruncle and extending to the cornea and associate with ophthalmoplegia was also present. Orbital computed tomography showed a dense rod-like structure traversing the nasal area, extending from the superomedial wall of the right orbit to the apex of the left orbit with surrounding inflammatory reaction but sparing the optic nerve. The intraorbital foreign body, a 6 cm chopstick splinter, was successfully removed via right lateral rhinotomy. CONCLUSION: Intraorbital foreign bodies are not uncommonly seen and, generally, the diagnosis is straightforward. Nevertheless, diagnosis, could be missed if it is not suspected.
Human ; Male ; Adult ; WOUNDS AND INJURIES ; EYE FOREIGN BODIES ; EYE DISEASES ;

One hundred eighty-five male high school students of the University of the Philippines were tested with the Ishihara's Pseudoisochromatic plates and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test (FM 100).One hundred seventy-one passed both tests.Five failed the Ishihara but passed the FM 100.Five passed the Ishihara but turned out to be blue-yellow deficient by the FM 100 test.Four failed both test all of which were identified as having red-green color deficiency.The Ishihara test is a highly sensitive test useful for jobs requiring identification of red-green colors.After testing with the Ishihara, failures can be required to undergo testing with the FM 100 to remove false positives.The FM test can be utilized for jobs requiring identification of colors in the whole color spectrum and in detecting blue-yellow deficiencies,The test can also be used for color normals in jobs requiring a superior degree of hue discrimination.
Human ; Male ; Adolescent ; CONGENITAL COLOR VISION

To determine changes in intraocular pressure before and after breastfeeding, 21 lactating mothers, aged 20 - 36 (mean age = 28), who delivered vaginally without complications, were studied.After instillation of topical anesthetics, the Tonopen was used to take the intraocular pressure (IOP) in millimeters Mercury (mm Hg) 1 hour prior to and immediately after breast-feeding.Three pressure readings were recorded and averaged in each determination.Using the paired T-test, a post-lactation increase in IOP of 0.6 +_ 3.1 mm Hg;(p=0.412) was noted on the right eye;an IOP increased of 2.3+_ 3.7 mm Hg;(p=0.010) was noted on the left eye.
Human ; Female ; Adult ; BREASTFEEDING ; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT ; LACTATION ; OXYTOXIN

To analyze the results of intraocular pressure reduction by diode laser contact transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) in eyes with neovascular glaucoma, six eligible eyes (6 patients) diagnosed with neovascular glaucoma, were treated with the IRIS Medical Oculight SLx diode laser (810 nm) system.19-20 laser applications at 1.25 to 2.0 W and 2.0 second duration were done with the G-Probe fiberoptic delivery system.Mean pre-treatment IOP was 41+_ 8.334 mm Hg (range 30 to 55 mm Hg).All eyes were painful.Vision ranged from 2o/200 to LP.After average follow up of 7 months (13 to 1 month), mean IOP reduction was 23.33 +_ 8.358 mm Hg (range 18 to 40 mm Hg)Vision did not worsen in all eyes,Two eyes depost-operative hyphema, which cleared spontaneously within days.None developed phthisis bulbi.Contact diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation reduces pain and intraocular pressure in eyes with neovascular glaucoma.
Human ; GLAUCOMA

The main objective of this study is to compare the mydriatic effect of tropicamide and epinephrine in rabbits.Preliminary test was done to compare mydriatic effect of balanced salt solution epinephrine and tropicamide.Minimal dose of tropicamide with maximal mydriasis was likewise done using three dilutions.Lastly, comparison of mydriatic effect of tropicamide with epinephrine was done.Preliminary test showed comparable results between tropicamide and epinephrine, with no notable change in size of pupils using BSS.Determination of minimal dose of tropicamide was found to be 0.1 nl of original 0.5% solution diluted with 0.5 ml of BSS, showed maximal mydriasis.Tropicamide showed slower onset of 30 seconds, but onwards until 30 minutes after, it is comparable with sustained mydriasisby epinephrine.This study showed that intracameral tropicamide has comparable mydriatic effect with epinephrine in rabbits.
Animal ; CATARACT ; EPINEPHRINE ; TROPICAMIDE

Dapiprazole produces miosis by blocking the alpha 1 receptors in the dilator muscle of the iris.Intraocular dapiprazole for reversing mydriasis has been compared with intraocular carbachol.Ten adult rabbits of same breed, weight, and age group were used.Both pupils were dilated with one drop each of 2.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide.After 10 minutes, when full mydriasis was present, 0.2 ml of aqueous humor was removed from the anterior chamber of each eye through a limbal puncture and replaced with equal amount of 0.5% dapiprazole solution on one eye, and with 0.01% carbachol on the other eye.Pupillary diameter recordings were performed immediately before and a few minutes after drug injection, as well as 24 hours after limbal puncture.Intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell count, and protein in the aqueous humor were evaluated prior to surgery and one day postoperatively.The results showed no difference in the miotic efficacy of dapiprazole and carbachol.The level of aqueous humor protein was significantly higher in the carbachol-treated eyes than in the dapiprazole-treated eyes.No significant difference in intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, and corneal endothelial cell density was noted.Intraocular 0.5% daapiprazole is comparable to 0.1% carbachol in efficacy and safety with less effect on the blood-aqueous barrier.
Animal ; CARBACHOL ; CATARACT ; DAPIPRAZOLE

To determine if retrobulbar administration of chlorpromazine can alleviate the pain and promote lowering of intraocular pressure in absolute glaucoma, ten patients with painful absolute glaucoma received retrobulbal injection of 1.5 cc each of xylocaine and chlorpromazine. Pre- and post- injection intraocular pressures and pain grading were compared and analyzed statistically using the T test (L=0.01, 99.9%).Signs and symptoms of hypotension were monitored.A 75% reduction of pain was noted one hour post-injection and 95% three months post-injection in 9/10 patients.Intraocular pressure decreased by 30% in 7/10 patients one day post injection.Pressure-lowering effect however was not sustained for three months
Human ; GLAUCOMA ; CHLORPROMAZINE ; XYLOCAINE