The present study was designed to identify bioactive compounds similar to those isolated from Dendrobium genus from its relative specie Eria bambusifolia. Compounds 1-10 were isolated and purified using silica gel, MCI CHP-20 gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Lichroprep RP-18 chromatography methods. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against five human cancer cell lines was tested. Erathrins A and B (1 and 2) were new compounds, and compound 1 represented a novel carbon framework having a phenanthrene-phenylpropane unit with a dioxane moiety. Moreover, compound 1 showed selective cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cells (IC50 = 14.50 μmol·L(-1)). These results provided a basis for future development of these agents as anticancer lead compounds.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Phenanthrenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Geobiontic type medicinal plants subjected to Orchidaceae family are used as important traditional Chinese medicine. Scientists are paying more attentions to their chemical components and pharmacology recently. This paper reviewed their chemical components involved in phenanthrene, bibenzene, flavone, sterol, terpenes, alkoloids and pharmacology such as antibacterium, cytotoxic activity, antihyperliposis effects. All these information are beneficial to reveal the relative among these medicinal plants in Orchidaceae family and are helpful to develop new drugs.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Phenanthrenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal

OBJECTIVETo confirm the amount of fertilizer and the ration of fertilizer.

METHODThrough the experiment of planting Salvia miltiorrhiza in pot and in field were carried out.

RESULTWhen N:P = 1:1, The production was 1.8 times more than the contrast group in plotting experiment, and in field the production of the highest fertilizer plot were 2.5 times more than the contrast and the higher and high fertilizer plot is 2.25 and 1.2 times respective were than those in the contrast group.

CONCLUSIONThe proper ration of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphorous fertilizer is 1:1. Nitrogen shows negative effects to the accumulation of tanshinon IIA, the more the nitrogen ous fertilizer, The less the content of tanshinon IIA. In contrast, phosphor ous fertilizer shows good effects on the accumulation of tanshinon IIA. Phosphorous fertilizer could alleviate the decline of the content of tanshinon IIA by using nitrogenous fertilizer. The accumulation peak of the tanshinon IIA emerge in the period of 150 d.

Diterpenes, Abietane ; Fertilizers ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; analysis ; Phosphorus ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development

Tumors are major chronic diseases and seriously threaten human health all over the world. How to effectively control and cure tumors is one of the most pivotal problems in the medical field. At present,surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still the main treatment methods. However,the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy cannot be underestimated. Therefore,it is of great practical significance to find new anti-cancer drugs with low toxicity,high efficiency and targeting to cancer cells. With the increasing incidence of tumor,the anti-tumor effect of traditional Chinese medicine has increasingly become a research hotspot. Triptolide,which is a natural diterpenoid active ingredient derived from of Tripterygium wilfordii,as one of the highly active components,has anti-inflammatory,immunosuppressive,anti-tumor and other multiple effects. A large number of studies have confirmed that it has good anti-tumor activity against various tumors in vivo and in vitro. It can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells,inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,inducing autophagy of cancer cells,blocking the cell cycle,inhibiting the migration,invasion and metastasis of cancer cells,reversing multidrug resistance,mediating tumor immunity and inhibiting angiogenesis. On the basis of literatures,this paper reviews the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of triptolide,and analyzes the current situation of triptolide combined with other chemotherapy drugs,in order to promote deep research and better clinical application about triptolide.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

The study is aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on yield and quality of the Salvia miltiorrhiza. The plant growth regulators was spraying on Salvia plants in July or August in field experiment, then the yield, ingredient content and the antioxidant activity were determined. The results showed that plant growth regulator 'Zhuanggenling' could increase the yield of Salvia with root-planting by 38.45%. Plant growth regulator 'Duoxiaozuo' could increase the yield of Salvia with seedling planting by 14.19%. Both plant growth regulator significantly reduced the antioxidant activity of Salvia in vitro, but they had no significant effect on active ingredient contents.
Diterpenes, Abietane ; analysis ; Phenanthrenes ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development

The article reviewed the research on the pharmacological effects of Danshen on hemorheology. We discussed the action mechanism of Danshen and its preparations from the points of hemorheology, blood and vessel endothelium cell. Danshen and its preparations can obviously improve the hemorheological characteristic by various ways.
Animals ; Benzofurans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hemorheology ; drug effects ; Hemostasis ; drug effects ; Lactates ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Oxides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Quercetin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Diterpenes ; chemical synthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; Humans ; Phenanthrenes ; chemical synthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

To further understand triptolide, this paper has introduced the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, the clinic application and semi-synthesis of triptolide on basis of importance and significant contents of reference which have been consulted in the past twenty years. Presently triptolide and Tripterygium wilfordii have been a hot spot of modernization of Chinese traditional medicine. It is very important to develop a new dosage form of high effect and low toxicity by making use of advanced technology according to its characteristics.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; pharmacology ; Antispermatogenic Agents ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes ; chemical synthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Epoxy Compounds ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of polysaccharide fraction of Cordyceps sinensis (PSCS) on triptolide (TPL)-induced apoptosis in the HL-60 cells and the involved molecular mechanism.

METHODSThe cultured leukemia HL-60 cells were divided into three groups: control group, TPL group (cells were treated with 5 ng/ml TPL only), and PSCS+TPL cells group (cells treated with 5 ng/ml TPL and 100 microg/ml or 200 microg/ml PSCS for 18 h). Cell viability was tested by MTT assay and apoptotic cells were quantitatively measured by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double stain.The expressions of Caspase-3, 6, 7, 9 and NF-kappa B proteins were tested by Western blot.

RESULTMTT assay showed that different concentrations of PSCS inhibited the cell viability. Flow cytometry indicated that TPL markedly increased the apoptosis rate of the HL-60 cells, and PSCS enhanced the apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot showed that TPL did not inhibit the expression of the Caspase-3, 6, 7, 9 and NF-kappa B proteins, and when cells were treated with PSCS, the expression of proteins decreased with the PSCS concentration rising.

CONCLUSIONPSCS can enhance TPL-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells and inhibit the expression of NF-kappa B and Caspase 3,6,7,9,which might be the possible signaling pathway of inducing apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology