Objective: To explore the association of spicy food consumption and risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers (LOCPs) in Chinese adults. Methods: Based on the baseline survey and long-term follow-up of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for associations between spicy food consumption and LOCPs incidence. Results: Of the 510 145 participants included at baseline, 30.1% reported daily spicy food consumption. During a mean follow-up of 10.8 (2.0) years, we documented 767 LOCPs cases. Multivariate adjusted analyses showed that the risk of LOCPs incidence decreased with the frequency of spicy food intake (trend P=0.003), with HR of 0.69 (95%CI:0.54-0.88) for daily spicy food consumers, compared with never or occasional consumers. Participants who preferred moderate pungency degrees had the lowest risk of LOCPs, with a 33%[0.67(95%CI:0.52-0.87)] reduced risk compared to those who consumed spicy food less than once per week. The later the starting age, the lower the risk (trend P=0.004). Those who started eating spicy food after 18 years old had the lowest risk of LOCPs incidence, with adjusted HR (95%CI) of 0.70(0.54-0.92). Conclusions: Spicy food intake might be associated with a decreased risk of LOCPs incidence. Such association was independent of healthy lifestyles. Advocating moderate-pungency spicy food consumption and healthy lifestyles might help prevent LOCPs.
Adolescent ; Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Lip ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Spices

OBJECTIVETo analyze the incidence and mortality of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer in cancer-registration areas of China in 2009.

METHODSWe collected data about incidence of oral cavity and pharyngeal from 72 cancer registry sites of National Central Registry Database in 2009, covering 85 470 522 person (57 489 009 were from urban areas, 27 981 513 were from rural areas).Incidence and mortality rates, proportions, cumulative rate (0-74 years old), cut rate (35-64 years old), age-specific rate were then calculated and analyzed respectively. The age-standardized rate was calculated and adjusted by the Chinese standard population in 1982 as well as the Segi's world standard population.

RESULTSThere were 2803 new diagnosed oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer cases, 1793 male and 1010 female, with the sex ratio at 1.78: 1. The crude incidence rate of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer was 3.28/100 000(2803/85 470 522). The crude incidence rate of males was 4.15/100 000(1793/43 231 554) while it was 2.39/100 000(1010/42 238 968) among females. The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and the world standard population were 1.72/100 000 and 2.23/100 000 respectively, and the cumulative rate and cut rate was separately 0.26% and 4.02/100 000. The crude incidence and ASIRC of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers were 3.87/100 000 (2225/57 489 009) and 1.97/100 000 in urban areas, whereas in rural areas, they were 2.07/100 000(578/27 981 513) and 1.17/100 000. There were 1172 death cases, including 825 males and 347 females. The crude mortality rate was 1.37/100 000 (1172/85 470 522), while it was 1.91/100 000(825/43 231 554) among males and 0.82/100 000(347/42 238 968) among females. The age-standardized incidence rates were 0.64/100 000 and 0.88/100 000 respectively, by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and the world standard population. The cumulative mortality rate (0-74 age years old) and cut rate were separately 0.10% and 1.34/100 000. The mortality and ASMRC were 1.59/100 000(915/57 489 009) and 0.72/100 000 in urban areas, whereas in rural areas, they were 0.92/100 000(257/27 981 513) and 0.48/100 000 respectively.

CONCLUSIONSBoth the incidence and mortality of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer in China were still low in 2009.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Rural Population ; Sex Distribution ; Survival Rate ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the locations, predisposing factors, managements and outcomes of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) following total laryngectomy in patients with advanced stage hypopharyngeal or laryngeal carcinomas. METHOD: One hundred and ninety-eight patients with advanced hypopharyngeal or laryngeal carcinomas who were performed by total laryngectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The multiple predisposing factors, including age, sex, preoperative radiotherapy, previous tracheostomy, stage, differentiation, site, neck dissection and postoperative fever, were analyzed. RESULT: The incidence of PCF was 16.7%. The situations of orificium fistulae lied in 69.7% superior segment, 21.2% inferior and 9.1% middle segment respectively. The incidence of PCF was 24.7% in hypopharynx and 11.6% in larynx respectively. There were significant differences between them. The differences of postoperative continuous fever beyond 5 days were statistical significance between the group of PCF and no PCF. In them, 28 patients of PCF were healed spontaneously and 5 of them were healed by surgical operation. CONCLUSION PCF is often situated in tongue base and post-superior of trachea stoma. Tumor locations and postoperative fever are important predisposition.
Adult ; Aged ; Cutaneous Fistula ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Incidence ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Laryngectomy ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies