The study was performed on 496 healthy children under five year- old age living in Hagiang and Quangninh province to discover of carrying of H.influenzae and S.pneumoniae. The results showed that: The carries with H.influenzae in Vixuyen (Hagiang) were 24% and 14.7% in Vandon (Quangninh). Ones with S.pneumoniae were 10.7% in Vixuyen (Hagiang) and 15% in Vandon (Quangninh). Antibiotic resistance level of H.influenzae in Hagiang: co-trimoxarol 34.6%, chloramphenicol 23.1%, ampicillin 7.7%; in Vandon (Quangninh): co-trimoxarol 15%, chloramphenicol 12.8%, ampixiclin 7.5%..; no one of these strains resisted to cefuroxim axetil and norfloxacin. Antibiotic resistance level of S.pneumoniae in Vixuyen (Hagiang): co-trimoxarol 17.5%, chloramphenicol 12.5%, ampixiclin 7.7%.., no one of these strains resisted to benzyn-penixiclin; In Vandon (Quangninh): co-trimoxarol 17.5%, chloramphenicol 12.5%, no one of these strains resisted to benzyn-penixiclin.
Child ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; epidemiology

From 1991 to 2000, 1,606 pathogenous strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from acute respiratory infections, meningitis, septicemia, etc. The results showed that there was a high and rapid drug resistance, especially Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistance against penicillin (PRSP) and co-trimoxazole
Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; epidemiology

175 specimens of expectorated sputa and cerebrospinal fluids of 106 HIV/AIDS patients hospitalized in the Institute for Clinical Research in Tropical Medicine between January 2002 and October 2003 were tested by Ziehl-Nelsen stain and cultured by MGIT media for AFB. The results showed that: 14.9% positive patients with AFB detected by microscopic stains and 49.4% positive cases with Mycobacteria detected by cultures, including 76.2% Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and 23.8% M. non-tuberculosis strains
Hiv ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mycobacteriaceae

By Kirby-Bauer technique, authors determined the resistence to antibiotics of 2193 strains of Salmonella typhi isolated in various Hospital of Dong Thap, Pasteur Hospital in Ho Chi Minh city, Binh Dinh, Da Nang, Hue, Thanh Hoa, Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Quang Ninh. The antibiotic resistances were very high to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole. 93.5% of salmonella typhy strains were resistant to nalidixic acid. After 6 years of treatment, only < 1% resistant to ciprofloxacine and ceftriaxone
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Salmonella ; Salmonella typhi

Antibiotic resistance of P.aeruginota from 1991 to 2001 was determined on 44102 samples of bacteria. The rate of isolated P.aeruginosa varried from 6.5% to 19% in different time point. Amikacin resistance were found to increase rapidly. High resistance to gentamycin, to bramycin, cefotaxin, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime was reported. Antibiotics of new generation – cefepime and imipenem also became antibiotic resistant after a short term of treatment
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Pseudomonas ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The study was performed from 11/2001 to 3/2002 in Thua Thien Hue, Tay Ninh and Can Tho. 734 healthy children under 6 years of age were investigated for nose-throat staphyloccoccus aureus carriage. Results showed their 11.2 % – 32.7% carried S. aureus, among them benzyl-penicillin resistance in Thua Thien Hue accounted for 92.8%, in Can Tho 95.2% and Tay Ninh 97.6%; Crythromycine 25%, 35.7% and 32.9% respectively; Chloramphenicol resistance 14.8%, 50% and 58.5% respectively. No resistance to almost cephalosporine, gentamycine, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin was reported in S.aureus
Child ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Drug Resistance ; epidemiology

Antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolated (1,134) from 1991 to 2000 was highest with Co-trimoxazole (54.2%), then with ampicilline (44.9%), gentamicine (11.6%) and chloramphenicol (8.1%). Ceftriaxone was the least antibiotic resistance (1.4%) for 4 year surveillance. The percentage of H. influenzae strains producing Chloramphenicol – Axetyl – Transferase enzyme had been increasing by time and associated with the trend of chloramphenicol resistance (P<0.01)
Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Haemophilus influenzae ; epidemiology