No abstract available.
Petrolatum*

BACKGROUND: The high rates of infestation, treatment failures and treatment costs have created the search for new therapies againts head lice.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the efficacy and safety of scalp occlusion with petroleum jelly (PJ) versus permethrin 1% shampoo against Pediculus humanus capitis among school-aged children

METHOD: Seventy-seven children were diagnosed with Pediculosis capitis. Thirty-eight subjects did eight-hour scalp occlusion with PJ, and 39 used permethrin shampoo, both followed by nit combing. Treatments were applied once weekly for three consecutive weeks. Patients were assessed at weeks 1,2,3 and 11. The primary outcome was the proportion of cured subjects and change in quality of life (QOL) scores om week 3 of follow-up. Cure was defined as the absence of variable lice on the hair/scalp or nits on the hair shaft attached within one centimeter from the scalp on visual examination.Secondary outcomes were relapse rate at week 11 ,cosmetic acceptability and adverse events. Effects on QOL were measured using the Dermatology Life Quality Index at baseline and at the end of the third week of treatment.

RESULTS: At Week 3, cure achieved in 47% (18/38) in PJ group 52% (17/33) in permethrin group (RRR 6.7%, 95% Cl: -40.4% to 38%). Relapse rate in the 12th week were 44% (8/18) and 58% (10/17), respectively (p=0.486, Fisher's test ). The differences in treatment effects were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: Petroleum jelly scalp occlusion was comparable in cure rates to permethrin. PJ can be a safe, affordable alternative to permethrin as a pediculicide.

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Petrolatum

Investigations were carried out into the time-and dose-related changes in acute skin reaction following graded single dose (20, 30 and 40 Gy) of x-ray irradiation in Wistar rats, in order to evaluate the radioprotective effect of Diethon on skin. For the duration of skin response over 1. 5 score in dose of 40 Gy, the Diethone group of 24.7 days was significantly different (p<0.02) from that of control (29.8 days) and vaseline (29.2 days) groups, it was 17.1% diminution of skin response period compared with that of control group. By the averaging daily scores for 10 days during peak skin reaction the mean scores were obtained. Mean score of Diethone group (2.43+/-0.22) was significantly different (p<0.01) from that of control (2.91+/-0.23) and vaseline (2.81+/-0.18) groups of 40 Gy dose. By iso-effect dose obtained at level of 2.5 score the dose reduction factor(DRF) was 1.41 which reduced radiation dose of 41% by radioprotective effect of Diethone. From this experimental data, it may be possible to give higher radiation dose to large and/or radioresistant tumor mass rather than conventional treatment doses for improving therapeutic ratio by using topical application of skin radioprotector.
Animals ; Petrolatum ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Moisturize's were thought to increase the hydration of the outer layer of the epidermis. During recent years, new noninvasive methods for assessment of skin hydration have become available. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluat and compare the cutaneous hydration effect of three moisturizers (hydrophilic base, urea and petrolatum) in healthy females with dry leg skin. METHODS: The regression method was applied for evaluating and comparing the effect of moisturizers. The hydration state was evaluated by Skicon-200(R) and skin dryness was evaluated by Biosit's method. RESULTS: Three moisturizers improved the dry skin condition for the treatment period and for the 10 day regression period. Improvement of the hydrophilic base treated site continued for 20 days during the regression period and superior to petrolatum treated site. CONCLUSION: Three moisturizers improve the stratum corneum hydration state significantly and its improvement has been continued for about 14days after treatment. Hydrophilic base moisturizers showed a better effect than petrolatum based ones.
Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Petrolatum* ; Skin ; Urea*

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of lid scrub with petroleum jelly versus lid scrub with tea tree oil and tea tree facial wash in patients with symptomatic blepharitis associated with above-normal Demodex counts Methods: Patients with symptomatic anterior blepharitis (AB), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), or mixed blepharitis (MB) were recruited into the study. Pertinent data, including ocular symptoms and findings, were recorded. Digital photographs of the lid margins were taken. Lash sampling was done using the modified Coston method for lash epilation. Patients with below-normal Demodex counts (DC <5) were excluded while those with DC ≥5 were randomly assigned to one of either treatment regimen: (1) lid scrub with tea tree oil and tea tree facial wash (The Body Wash®, control group), or (2) lid scrub with petroleum jelly (Apollo Pure Petroleum Jelly®, study drug). Lid scrub with the tea tree oil (TTO) or petroleum jelly was administered at the clinic during the initial visit and at 2-week intervals thereafter for 6 weeks. Patients were instructed to apply tea tree (TT) facial wash or petroleum jelly at home on specified intervals daily. DC posttreatment was recorded, and digital photographs of the eyelids were taken at the end of treatment. Results: Thirteen patients were included in the study; 5 in the TTO and 8 petroleum jelly. In the TTO group, 3 patients had decrease in DC and 2 an increase, but all patients reported decrease in the severity and frequency of ocular symptoms. In the petroleum jelly group, 5 patients had decrease in DC after 6 weeks, while the remaining 3 had opposite results. All reported a general improvement in their symptoms. No adverse reactions were observed in either treatment groups. Conclusion Lid scrub with petroleum jelly caused a significant reduction (p<0.05) in Demodex counts compared to lid scrub with tea tree oil and tea tree facial wash. Petroleum jelly may have some effect in the eradication of Demodex mites in cases of Demodex-induced blepharitis. Although lid scrub with petroleum jelly and tea tree oil and tea tree facial wash both produced a decrease in Demodex counts and a decrease in the frequency and severity of ocular symptoms after 6 weeks of treatment, the presence of some conflicting results suggests that further studies with more patients should be initiated.
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ; Petrolatum ; Tea Tree Oil

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the causative agents for the dermatological problems associated with the polypropylene manufacturing process. METHODS: The study subjects consisted of 44 male workers involved in the polypropylene manufacturing process. Twenty-seven of them had been exposed to additives, and the remaining 17 had not. Among the 27 exposed, 10 had been exposed previously, and 17 are currently being exposed through their duties. Patch test were performed with three different concentrations, 0.1%, 1% and 10% of 10 different additives that was diluted with Vaseline. RESULTS: 18 subjects (41%) had positive reactions to the patch tests. Exposed group had a higher reaction rate (51.9%) than the control group (23.5%). When the positive reactions were further classified, 7, 6 and 5 were compatible with probably irritant, probably allergic, and multiple hypersensitivity reactions respectively. The most frequent reactions were from Ultranox-626 followed by Millad 3988, Armoslip-E and Songstab Sc-100. CONCLUSIONS: When considering the significantly higher probability of an allergic reaction rate among the currently exposed group compared to non- or previously-exposed groups, the nature of dermatological problems in a polypropylene plant is probably allergic. Ultranox-626, Millad3988, Armoslip-E and Songstab Sc-100 were the main causatives agents found in the process.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Irritants ; Male ; Patch Tests ; Petrolatum ; Plants ; Polypropylenes*

Immobilization of skin graft is essential in split thickness skin graft. A common practice to ensure immobilzation is tie-over dressing. Tie-over dressing is used to secure skin graft and to avoid complications such as fluid accumulation and hematoma formation. But the traditional technique of tie-over dressing is a time-consuming tedious task. Various modifications of this method have been developed. But almost all the methods required the silk tie as well as special devices. We designed simple and effective immobilization method of skin graft that is neither threads nor securing devices are required. After skin graft is applied to recipient bed, skin staples are used to tack the graft. Vaseline gauze is applied over the graft. A fluffy gauze bolus is placed over the vaseline gauze and wrapped around the bolus with mesh gauze. The skin staples are used to secure the free ends on the bolus dressing applying proper tension. These free ends of the mesh gauze, acting like two-dimensional threads, put a pressure on the bolus dressing and the graft. This method has been used in 30 patients and has proven satisfactory.
Bandages* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Petrolatum ; Silk ; Skin* ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: Recently, in an experiment using animals, radiation therapy using a laser or Tending Diancibo Pu (TDP) has been shown to be effective in treating scars on the skin by increasing the production of fibroblast cell and collagen and by accelerating the process of epithelization. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of TDP radiation therapy in treating human burn injuries in terms of the frequency of treatment, the timing of eschar separation, and the duration of treatment. METHODS: In the treatment group, the burn area of the patients was first sterilized with saline solution and potadin solution and covered with one vaseline gauze. Then, the burn area was radiated every other day by using TDP for 20 minutes at distance of 20-25 cm, at radiant plate temperature of 250-280oC. In the cases of control group, the burn area of the patients was first sterilized with saline solution and potadin solution and covered with one vaseline gauze. Then, the area was covered with one burn gauze and bandaged. The treatment was conducted every other day. RESULTS: In cases of superficial second degree burn injuries, the difference between the treatment and the control groups was 1.34 in terms of the frequency of treatment. In the cases of both superficial and deep second degree burns, the differences between the treatment and the control groups were 3.47 in terms of the frequency of treatment, 0.63 weeks in terms of the timing of eschar separation, and 6.03 days in terms of the duration of treatment. All these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: From the experiment, it can be concluded that TDP radiation therapy is more effective in treating human burn injuries than conventional treatment in terms of the of the frequency of treatment, the timing of eschar separation, and the duration of treatment.
Animals ; Burns* ; Cicatrix ; Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Petrolatum ; Skin ; Sodium Chloride

63 of 348 patients patch tested with an European standard series, had positive reaction to either a fragrance mix or Balsam of Peru. Twelve showed positiv reaction to bot,h patches. The number of positive patch tests to the fragrance mix was 56, while those to Balsarn of Peru was 19 out, of the 63 patients, manifesting sensitivities of 83% and 30% repectively. The fragrance mix was considered a useful screening patch for fragrance allergies. Twenty-five of the patients showing fragrance allergy were further analysed with 8 individual fragrance ingredients at 2% petrolatum. Cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamic alcohol were considered as she most frequent and important. sensitizers.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Mass Screening ; Patch Tests* ; Peru ; Petrolatum