Results obtained from the investigation showed that: the management of pesticides in Tien Giang, Can Tho, Khanh Hoa and Thua Thien - Hue provinces is not properly. The farmers keep pesticides in their houses (90.8%). High percentage of exposed farmers have poisoning symptoms/signs. From 1993 to 1996 there were 4.899 cases of pesticide poisoning among them 286 died, 98% used pesticides for their suicide. We have made some practical recommendations for the prevention of poisoning and health protection for farmers.
Pesticides ; Poisoning

In our retrospective study on the contamination of pesticides during 1995-1999, mainly depending on cholinesterase index in blood, 101 workers were interviewed directly by available questionnaire. The results showed that 60 cases of contamination were discovered, this prevalence decreased gradually every year, there were 4 cases (3.96%) in 1999. The types of intoxication were changed little by little from the organic phosphorum to perythroid. The protection and occupational safe and hygiene had been given much attention and brought into play of the preventive effects
Pesticides ; Poisoning

A study on 41 white male rats with ages of 2 - 2.5 months, weight of 130-150g was carried out. Materials included the sun oil and Bassa 50EC of Novatis. The authors found that renal lesions occurred in some positions and become more severe after 7 days of poison. The lesions included early and long lasting vasodilative congestion in the glomerular and interstitial tissues, cellular proliferation, basement tissular proliferation in glomeruli of kidney cavity and plasma surrounding the cellular nuclear in the renal tubular cells. The images of regeneration of the parenchyma appeared after 7 days of poison
Pesticides ; Poisoning ; Rats

A retrospective study was carried out on 94 children (from 2 months to 15 years of age) with acute pesticide poisoning treated in HCM city Children Hospital N01 from Jan 1997 to 1 Mar 2002. Result showed, it was a rate of 9.2% in comparing with total number of all poisoning cases, among them there was 33 cases of suicide in children (35.1%). Male/female ratio was 1.3/1. Most of poisonous cases were due to insecticides, and the most common cause was organic phosphore and carbamat, however paraquat was the most common killer. 100% of victims lived in rural regions and the cases accidented indoor or in near environment. For treating it needs informations, manual material on pesticide, available in emergency rooms to early diagnose and to treat properly in time.
Child ; Pesticides ; Poisoning

Humans ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; prevention & control

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of pesticide poisoning in South Korea and the relevant epidemiologic characteristics. During the period of 1996-2005, an approximate average of twenty-five hundred fatalities occurred per year due to pesticide poisoning, while age-standardized mortality rates by pesticide poisoning significantly increased from 4.42 to 6.42 per 100,000 population. Intentional self-poisoning was the primary cause of death due to pesticides (84.8% of total pesticide poisoning deaths). The prevalence of non-fatal pesticide poisoning among farmers varied from 5.7% to 86.7%. Paraquat was the leading causative agent for pesticide poisoning, followed by organophosphate insecticides. A variety of work-related factors such as pesticide usage, pesticide application days, hazardous practices and poor personal hygiene were significantly related with pesticide poisoning. The majority of the poisoned were male, elderly individuals possessing low levels of education and residing in rural areas. The number of pesticide poisoning cases was the highest during the growing season of May to August. Further evaluation of the incidence and risk factors of pesticide poisoning at the national level in South Korea is warranted to reduce the number of victims of pesticide poisoning.
Pesticides ; Poisoning aspects ; South Korea ; seconds ; Poisoning

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effectiveness of severe and acute organophosphate poisoning (AOPP) treated with plasma exchange in China.

METHODSResearches about effectiveness of severe AOPP treated with plasma exchange were analyzed by Review Manager 4.2 and fixed effect model of meta-analysis method were used.

RESULTSSix trials including 433 patients were identified. Treatment group including 211 patients adopted traditional physician therapy plus plasma exchange, and control group including 222 patients received physician therapy only. The case-fatality rate of the treatment group was lower than the control one [RR=0.30, 95%CI (0.19-0.49), P<0.01].

CONCLUSIONPlasma exchange can improve the cure rate of severe AOPP.

Appropriate early atropinization is important for the recovery and prognosis of the organophosphate pesticides poisoning patient. However, recommended guidelines of atropine regimen in the treatment of organophosphate pesticides poisoning is not present in Korea. The authors analyzed the domestic literatures and books to investigate a trend of the regimen of atropine for organophosphate pesticides poisoning. We found 11 papers and 6 books about organophosphate pesticides poisoning that published in Korea. Then calculates elapsed time for atropinization by the each regimen of atropine. References recommendations varied markedly - atropinization of an average patient, requiring the mean dose of 23.4 mg, would have taken 15 to 432 minutes; atropinization of a very ill patient, requiring maximum dose of 75 mg, would have taken 20 to 1,385 min, Recently, it suggested atropine regimen that doubling the dose for organophosphate pesticides poisoning in Korea. So it needs to study for ensure a higher validity and application of organophosphate pesticides poisoning patients.
Atropine* ; Humans ; Korea ; Pesticides* ; Poisoning* ; Prognosis

Data concerning clinical cases of pesticide poisoning/disorders were collected from members of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine during 2001-2003, and were analyzed statistically.A total of 194 cases of poisoning/disorders by pesticide exposure were reported from 36 hospitals and other medical institutions. Suicide cases accounted for 74% of the total number of cases, which was followed by the cases caused by exposure during spraying (17%) and drinking/eating by mistake (7%).In 144 suicide cases, those of males accounted for 52%, the middle-aged and older people constituted the majority. By types of clinical manifestations, almost all of the cases were acute or subacute pesticide poisoning (98%). Organophosphate insecticides were the most frequent inducers of the cases (39%), which was followed by bipyridylium herbicides (23%). When it comes to the outcome, more than 80% of suicide cases with paraquat products resulted in death.There were 39 cases of pesticide poisoning/disorders resulting from exposure during spraying, preparation or settling, and working in sprayed area. In these cases, males accounted for 70% the middle-aged and older people made up the majority. By types of clinical manifestations, the cases of acute or subacute pesticide poisoning accounted for 39%, which was followed by acute dermatitis (33%), chemical burn (14%), and ocular disorders (11%). The pesticides that induced clinical cases varied greatly. Main factors contributing to the onset of pesticide poisoning/disorders were insufficient protective clothing (44%), self conceit (19%), insufficient information (14%), and carelessness (12%).
Pesticides ; Clinical ; Poisoning aspects ; Acute ; Cases

Acute Disease ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; epidemiology