A simple, fast, and visual method for detecting antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) using colloidal gold strips was developed. In this study, the pET-32a-N was transformed into Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) for expression. Hybridoma cell lines were generated by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with splenocytes from immunized mice with the expressed and purified N protein of PPRV. The PPRV N protein was labeled with colloidal gold particles as the gold-labeled antigen. The N protein served as the gold standard antigen and as the test (T) line-coated antigen, while the monoclonal antibody served as the quality control (C) line-coated antibody to assemble the colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strips for detecting antibodies against the N protein of PPRV. Hybridoma cell line designated as 1F1 was able to stably secrete the monoclonal antibody against the N protein of PPRV. The titer of 1F1 monoclonal antibody in ascites was 1:128 000 determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the immunoglobulin subtype of the monoclonal antibody was IgG1, with kappa chain. The obtained monoclonal antibody was able to specifically recognize the N protein of PPRV, as shown by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). The developed colloidal gold test strip method was able to detect PPRV antibodies specifically, and there was no difference between different batches of the test strips. Testing of a total of 122 clinical sera showed that the compliance rate of the test strip with ELISA test was 97.6%.The test strip assay developed in this study has good specificity, reproducibility, and sensitivity, and it can be used for the rapid detection of PPRV antibodies.
Animals ; Mice ; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants/prevention & control* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Reproducibility of Results ; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus ; Antibodies, Viral ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Goats

Eradication can be defined as permanent elimination of the occurrence of a given infectious disease. A joint FAO/OIE announcement of global rinderpest eradication was declared in 2011. The announcement from two international organizations indicates that the rinderpest virus, like the smallpox virus, will remain only in authorized laboratories. After rinderpest eradication, the relevant researchers shifted their focus on next target-peste des petits ruminants, since they mostly share similarities in such characteristics as etiology and pathology. This paper, on the one hand, analyzed objective and subjective factors in global rinderpest eradication, and on the other hand, reviewed the pros and cons of global peste des petits ruminants eradication.
Animals ; Cattle ; Feasibility Studies ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Rinderpest ; epidemiology ; history ; prevention & control

This study measured the clinical prevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) among sheep and goats in India between 2003 and 2009 by analyzing clinical samples from suspected cases of PPR that were submitted to the Rinderpest and Allied Disease Laboratory, Division of Virology, IVRI, Mukteswar for PPR diagnosis. PPR outbreaks were confirmed by detecting PPR virus (PPRV)-specific antigen in the clinical samples. Clinical samples (blood, nasal swabs, spleen, lymph node, kidney, liver, intestine, and pooled tissue materials) were taken from a total of 592 sheep and 912 goats in different states of India and screened for the presence of PPRV antigen using a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA kit. A total of 20, 38, and 11 laboratory-confirmed PPR outbreaks occurred among sheep, goat, and combined sheep and goat populations, respectively. Our findings provide evidence of widespread PPR endemicity in India. The underlying reasons could be variations in husbandry practices in different geographical regions, agro-climatic conditions, and livestock migration. Furthermore, decrease in the number of PPR outbreaks over time might be due to the effectiveness of current live PPR vaccines and timely vaccination of target species. Vaccination against PPR has been practiced in India since 2002 to control this disease.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/*blood ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary ; Goat Diseases/*epidemiology/immunology/prevention & control ; Goats ; India/epidemiology ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology ; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants/epidemiology/immunology/prevention & control/*veterinary ; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Seasons ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/*epidemiology/immunology/prevention & control ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Viral Vaccines/*immunology/therapeutic use

The purpose of the study is to construct recombinant goat pox virus (GPV) expressing Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) H protein, and to evaluate the immunization effect. Recombinant GPV containing PPRV H gene (rGPV-PPRV-H) was selected and purified by gpt and eGFP utilizing plaque purification, and the final selected recombinant GPV was proved to be purified by PCR. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting showed that the recombinant virus could express H protein of PPRV while infecting lamb testis cells. Six goats were immunized with 2 x 10(6) PFU rGPV-PPRV-H through intradermal injection, and were immunized for the second time at 28 days with the same dose recombinant virus after first immunization. Serum was collected after immunization, and was analyzed for the neutralization antibodies. 21 days after first immunization, the neutralization antibodies of GPV were 40, 80, > or = 80, > or = 80, 40, > or = 80 in turn, and neutralization antibodies of PPRV were 80, 80, 80, 80, 40, 40, 10 in turn; 14 days after second immunization, the neutralization antibodies of GPV were all > or = 80, and the neutralization antibodies of PPRV were > 80, 80, > 80, 80, 80 and 40 in turn. This study established a foundation for the industrialization of the PPRV recombinant GPV vaccine.
Animals ; Capripoxvirus ; genetics ; immunology ; Goat Diseases ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Goats ; Hemagglutinins, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Vaccines, Combined ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology