1.Imbalanced free radicals and antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenia: a comparative study.
Hui-chun LI ; Qiao-zhen CHEN ; Ying MA ; Jun-fu ZHOU
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 2006;7(12):981-986
OBJECTIVETo examine changes of blood oxidative-antiovidative level in schizophrenic patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms.
METHODSForty-six Chinese patients met DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV) criteria for schizophrenia and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Baseline psychiatric symptom severity was assessed with brief psychiatric rating scale, positive and negative syndrome scale on the blood draw day. Fresh blood samples were collected to measure levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells by spectrophotometric assays simultaneously.
RESULTSComparison of the biochemical parameters indicated that the level of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide increased in patient group, which represented a positive correlation with positive scale scores; while the activities of three critical enzymes decreased and showed a negative linear correlation.
CONCLUSIONThis study showed that there are dysregulation of free radical metabolism and poor activities of the antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenic patients. Excess free radicals formation may play a critical role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Using antioxidants might be an effective therapeutic approach to partially alleviate or prevent the symptoms of schizophrenia.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Female ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxides ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Schizophrenia ; etiology ; metabolism
2.Effects of ginsenoside-Rb on blood lipid metabolism and anti-oxidation in hyperlipidemia rats.
Xin-mu ZHANG ; Shao-chun QU ; Da-yuan SUI ; Xiao-feng YU ; Zhong-zhi LV
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2004;29(11):1085-1088
OBJECTIVETo observe effects of ginsenoside-Rb (G-Rb) on total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and anti-oxidation in experimental hyperlipidemia rats.
METHODHyperlipidemia rats were respectively given G-Rb 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) ig for twelve days. Total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents, prostacycline (PGI2), thromboxane (TXA2), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood viscosity were measured. Fat accumulation in liver was also observed.
RESULTTriglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in serum, TXA2 in plasma, LPO in serum and liver, and blood viscosity were decreased significantly. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) in serum, PGI2 in plasma and SOD in serum and liver were significantly increased by G-Rb (100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) in experimental hyperlipidemia rats. In addition, G-Rb could decrease TC/HDL-c, LDLc/HDL-c ratio, increase PGI2/TXA2 ratio and inhibit fat accumulation in liver.
CONCLUSIONG-Rb could have anti-arteriosclerosis effect by improving cholesterol and lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism, suppressing lipid peroxidation, increasing anti-oxidase activity and PGI2/TXA2 ratio.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Female ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxides ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
3.Effects of t-butyl hydrogen peroxide on single SR calcium release channels.
Jung Hoon SHIN ; Kwang Ho KIM ; Chang Kook SUH
Yonsei Medical Journal 1998;39(1):56-60
Using lipid bilayer reconstitution technique, we investigated the oxidation effect of t-butyl hydrogen peroxide (tBHP) on the single channel activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release channels isolated from canine latissimus dorsi muscles. When 0.7% tBHP was added in the cytosolic side, the channel activity became suppressed (n = 7), and it was recovered by changing the solution to the control solution. The suppression was due to the change in the gating mode of the channel: before tBHP the channel opened to four sub-conductance levels, but it opened to only one level after tBHP. These effects by tBHP were different from the previous finding using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which may be explained by different oxidation patterns between the two oxidants.
Animal
;
Calcium Channels/drug effects*
;
Dogs
;
Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
;
Peroxides/pharmacology*
;
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
;
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects*
;
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
4.Protection of Phagocytic Macrophages from Peroxidative Damage by Selenium and Vitamin E.
Sang Hwan OH ; Myung Ho LEE ; Chang Jo CHUNG
Yonsei Medical Journal 1982;23(2):101-109
The Protective effect of vitamin E and selenium against peroxidative damage in white blood cells was studied. Forty-eight male rats (~100g BW) were divided into four groups and were fed with a torula yeast based diet deficient in Vit.E and Se. Vit.E (100IU/Kg diet) and Se (0.3ppm) supplementation increased the total peritoneal cell (P.C) population and cell survival rate. Selenium supplementation decreased the hydrogen peroxide generation (half of the control) significantly and Vit.E supplementation reduced the malonaldehyde production during phagocytosis in vitro. However, superoxide generation was not affected by the supplementation of Vit.E or Se. There were no significant differences in catalase activity between groups but glutathione peroxidase activity was increased about twofold by Se supplementation with no effect of Vit.E. In a separate experiment, activated alveolar macrophages were obtained from BCG infected rabbits fed a diet supplemented with Vit.E (100 IU/Kg diet) or Se (0.3 ppm). Se supplementation increased glutathione peroxidase in cells, and both Vit.E and Se increased the cell survival rate during phagocytosis as compared to the control. Both Vit.E and Se are necessary to protect host cells from peroxidative damage during phagocytosis.
Animal
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Macrophages/drug effects
;
Macrophages/physiology*
;
Male
;
Peroxides/metabolism*
;
Phagocytosis/drug effects*
;
Rats
;
Selenium/pharmacology*
;
Vitamin E/pharmacology*
5.Effects of head point-through-point electroacupuncture on SOD and LPO in the patient of Parkinson's disease.
Shun WANG ; Yu-ying CAI ; Yan-jie SHANG ; Lu JIN-RONG
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2006;26(4):240-242
OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of head point-through-point electroacupuncture on Parkinson's disease and the mechanism.
METHODSSeventy-six cases of Parkinson's disease were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=37) treated with head point-through-point electroacupuncture and oral administration of madopa, and a control group (n=39) with only oral administration of madopa. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipids peroxides (LPO) were determined before and after treatment.
RESULTSThe effective rate was 97.3% in the treatment group and 61.5% in the control group with a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). SOD activity and LPO content were significantly improved after treatment in the treatment group (P < 0.01), with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONHead point-through-point electroacupuncture can improve SOD activity and LPO content in the body so as to cure Parkinson's disease.
Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; methods ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxides ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism
6.Effect of thymic factor on oxygen free radical and antioxidans in old male rats.
Xiao-Peng LIU ; Zong-Gen PENG ; Gui-Yang GUO
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 2003;19(4):344-409
Aging
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physiology
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Animals
;
Catalase
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metabolism
;
Circadian Rhythm
;
Free Radicals
;
metabolism
;
Lipid Peroxides
;
metabolism
;
Male
;
Melatonin
;
metabolism
;
Nitric Oxide
;
metabolism
;
Rats
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Superoxide Dismutase
;
metabolism
;
Thymus Hormones
;
pharmacology
7.Protective Role of Prx(Peroxiredoxin) I and II against H2O2-Induced Apoptosis of MCF7 Cell Lines.
Soo Jung AHN ; Ji Yeon BAE ; Ryung Ah LEE ; Wonshik HAN ; Seok Won KIM ; Ho Zoon CHAE ; Dong Young NOH
Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2003;6(2):68-74
PURPOSE: Apoptosis is known to be induced either by direct oxidative damage from oxygen free radicals or hydrogen peroxide, or from their generation in cells by injurious agents. Peroxiredoxin plays an important role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of Prx (peroxiredoxin) enzymes during the cellular response to oxidative stress. METHODS: The presence of Prx isoforms was demonstrated by immunoblot analysis using Prx isoforms-specific antibodies, and RT-PCR using Prx isozyme coding sequences. Annexin V-FITO apoptosis detection method was used to measure the cell death following exposure to H2O2. RESULTS: Treatment of MCF7 cell lines with H2O2 resulted in the dose-dependent expression of Prx I and II. Observed decreases in the mRNA expressions of Prx I and II, analyzed by RT-PCR, correlated well with the results of immunoblot analysis. The treatment of normal breast cell line, MCF10A, with H2O2 resulted in rapid cell death, while the breast cancer cell line, MCF7, was resistant. In addition, we confirmed that Prx I and II transfected MCF10A cells were more prone to cell death than MCF10A transfected with vector alone, after H2O2 treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that Prx I and II have an important function as inhibitors of cell death during the cellular response to oxidative stress.
Antibodies
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Apoptosis*
;
Breast
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Breast Neoplasms
;
Cell Death
;
Cell Line
;
Clinical Coding
;
Free Radicals
;
Hydrogen Peroxide
;
MCF-7 Cells*
;
Metabolism
;
Oxidative Stress
;
Oxygen
;
Peroxides
;
Peroxiredoxins
;
Protein Isoforms
;
RNA, Messenger
8.Age-Related Changes of Lipid Metabolism and Thrombogenic Capacity in Rats.
Min Young UM ; Kyoung Ah RHO ; Mi Kyung KIM
The Korean Journal of Nutrition 2004;37(7):525-532
This study was performed to investigate the age-related changes of the lipid metabolism and thrombogenic capacity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at the ages of 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 months old. Total lipid, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol in plasma and liver, HDL-cholesterol concentration, and eicosanoid contents in plasma were measured. Lipid peroxides were determined by the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in LDL fraction. Body weight was increased continuous until 16 months and decreased after 20 months. Epididymal fat pad (EFP) weight was increased continuously until 20 months and decreased at 24 months. Total lipid and TG concentrations in plasma were increased until 20 months and then rapidly decreased at 24 months but plasma cholesterol was increased continuously with aging. HDL-cholesterol level was increased continuously until 12 months, but decreased at 16 months and maintained there after. The TBARS levels in LDL fraction were the highest level at 24 months. Liver total lipid, TG, and total cholesterol concentrations were shown a tendency to increase with aging, and especially TG concentration was increased rapidly from 12 months to 16 months. Plasma thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 (6-keto-PGF1) contents did not change with aging, but the ratio of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 was increased with aging, especially from 8 to 12 months. These results showed that lipid levels in plasma and liver, TBARS levels in LDL fraction, and TXB2/6-keto- PGF1 ratio were increased with aging.
Adipose Tissue
;
Aging
;
Animals
;
Body Weight
;
Child, Preschool
;
Cholesterol
;
Humans
;
Lipid Metabolism*
;
Lipid Peroxides
;
Liver
;
Plasma
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
;
Thromboxane B2
;
Triglycerides
9.Plasma levels of ascorbic acid and vitamin E in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Xin-liang LU ; Zheng-liang ZHANG ; Jun-fu ZHOU ; Jian-ting CAI ; Ke-da QIAN
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2003;32(6):533-535
OBJECTIVETo investigate the plasma levels of ascorbic acid and vitamin E in patients with liver cirrhosis and to explore their significance.
METHODSThe plasma levels of ascorbic acid,vitamin E and lipoperoxides in patients with liver cirrhosis were measured, and the results were compared with those of sex-and age-matched healthy subjects.
RESULTThe plasma levels of ascorbic acid, vitamin E and lipoperoxides in the patients group were (42.94 +/-6.99)micromol/L, (17.99 +/-3.51)micromol/L and (14.09 +/-1.28)micromol/L, respectively, while those in the control group were (53.30 +/-9.45)micromol/L (t=9.50, P=0.000), (24.59 +/-7.22)micromol/L (t=7.94, P=0.000) and (12.11 +/-1.20)micromol/L (t=17.21, P=0.000), respectively.
CONCLUSIONThe levels of ascorbic acid and vitamin E in patients with liver cirrhosis decrease significantly,which may indicates the disturbance of balance between oxidation and antioxidation.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ascorbic Acid ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxides ; blood ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin E ; blood
10.Protective effect of Jiechangning decoction in treating experimental ulcerative colitis in guinea pigs.
Wu-jun XIONG ; Qi-yu QIU ; De-kai QIU
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2005;11(1):49-53
OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects and mechanism of Jiechangning (JCN) decoction on carrageenan induced experimental ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODSAfter sensitizing guinea pigs with carrageenan, we established UC animal models by free drinking water containing 2% acid degraded carrageenan (ADC). JCN decoction was orally administered once a day for 2 weeks after carrageenan treatment. Salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) and normal saline were given to the other two groups as control. The levels of colon lipid peroxide (LPO), acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured; colitis activity score (CAS) was carried out for assessment of the degree of tissue inflammation and injury; the colonic pathological changes were examined simultaneously with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and toluidine blue staining used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of JCN decoction and SASP.
RESULTSExperimental colitis models resembling human UC were successfully induced. The levels of tissue LPO, ACP activity and the content of tissue TNF-alpha were markedly increased in the model group as compared with the normal control group (P < 0.01) and were positively correlated with CAS. JCN decoction could reverse these changes like SASP. HE staining showed that JCN decoction and SASP could reduce CAS and the degree of tissue injury, toluidine blue staining revealed that mucosa and submucosa red metachromasia pellets in JCN group and SASP group were markedly fewer than those in the model group.
CONCLUSIONJCN decoction is effective in treating experimental UC, which provides theoretical basis for its clinical application.
Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Carrageenan ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colon ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Agents ; pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Lipid Peroxides ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology ; Sulfasalazine ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism