Myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency is rare and its symptoms are not specific; and therefore, it is not easy to identify persons either totally or partially who are myeloperoxidase deficient with every routine analysis. MPO deficiency can be detected by the pattern of the cytogram and the mean peroxidase index (MPXI) using the automated hematology analyzer Technicon H*2. A case of MPO deficiency is reported with some review of the available literatures.
Hematology* ; Humans ; Peroxidase*

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Peroxidase*

No abstract available.
Child ; Eosinophil Peroxidase ; Eosinophils ; Humans

No Abstract Available.
Animals ; Armoracia* ; Cats* ; Horseradish Peroxidase* ; Muscles*

Trochlear motorneurons were identified by applying horseradish peroxidase(HRP) to superior oblique muscle in cats. Ninety five to ninety seven percent of the contralateral trochlear nucleus were stained 3-5% of ipsilateral side also labelled by HRP. These findings showed that superior oblique muscle was innervated by trochlear nuclei on both side.
Animals ; Armoracia* ; Cats* ; Horseradish Peroxidase* ; Trochlear Nerve

Two white rot fungi, Ceriporia sp. ZLY-2010 (CER) and Stereum hirsutum (STH) were used as biocatalysts for the biotransformation of (-)-alpha-pinene. After 96 hr, CER converted the bicyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon (-)-alpha-pinene into alpha-terpineol (yield, 0.05 g/L), a monocyclic monoterpene alcohol, in addition to, other minor products. Using STH, verbenone was identified as the major biotransformed product, and minor products were myrtenol, camphor, and isopinocarveol. We did not observe any inhibitory effects of substrate or transformed products on mycelial growth of the fungi. The activities of fungal manganese-dependent peroxidase and laccase were monitored for 15 days to determine the enzymatic pathways related to the biotransformation of (-)-alpha-pinene. We concluded that a complex of enzymes, including intra- and extracellular enzymes, were involved in terpenoid biotransformation by white rot fungi.
Biotransformation* ; Camphor ; Enzymes ; Fungi* ; Laccase ; Peroxidase

A newly isolated white rot fungal strain KU-RNW027 was identified as Trametes polyzona, based on an analysis of its morphological characteristics and phylogenetic data. Aeration and fungal morphology were important factors which drove strain KU-RNW027 to secrete two different ligninolytic enzymes as manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase. Highest activities of MnP and laccase were obtained in a continuous shaking culture at 8 and 47 times higher, respectively, than under static conditions. Strain KU-RNW027 existed as pellets and free form mycelial clumps in submerged cultivation with the pellet form producing more enzymes. Fungal biomass increased with increasing amounts of pellet inoculum while pellet diameter decreased. Strain KU-RNW027 formed terminal chlamydospore-like structures in cultures inoculated with 0.05 g/L as optimal pellet inoculum which resulted in highest enzyme production. Enzyme production efficiency of T. polyzona KU-RNW027 depended on fungal pellet morphology as size, porosity, and formation of chlamydospore-like structures.
Biomass ; Laccase ; Manganese ; Peroxidase ; Porosity ; Trametes*

To systemically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of oral preparation of Xiakucao with levothyroxine(LT4) on Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT), so as to provide the evidence for its clinical application in the future. All the included studies were retrieved from four Chinese databases and three English databases from their inception to December 2019. ROB assessment tool of cochrane system and the evidence classification recommended by GRADE were used to evaluate the quality of evidences in all included studies. RevMan 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis of the outcomes. Software TSA 0.9(trail sequential analysis) was used to estimate the sample size for Meta-analysis. The results showed that 11 randomized controlled trials and totaling 1 215 patients were included. Preparation of Xiakucao combined with LT4 was adopted as intervention in experimental group, while patients in control group were treated with LT4 alone. Meta-analysis results showed that as compared with control group, the rate of total efficacy in experimental group was significant improved, including improvement of thyroid function and thyroid autoantibodies, shrinkage of thyroid gland and nodule, and improvement of clinical symptoms such as fatigue and cold intolerance(RR=1.15, 95%CI[1.09, 1.21]). The experimental group significantly decreased the serum level of thyroperoxidase antibody TPO-Ab(SMD=-0.91, 95%CI[-1.40,-0.41]), and reduced the size of left thyroid lobe(MD=-1.46, 95%CI[-1.82,-1.11]), right thyroid lobe(MD=-1.45, 95%CI[-1.96,-0.94]) and isthmus of thyroid gland(MD=-1.08, 95%CI[-1.20,-0.95]). After evaluation based on GRADEpro, the results showed that the evidence quality of all included studies was low or very low. The result of TSA showed that the cumulative sample size had reached the expected value. However, the pooled results may be affected by one study with high bias risk, with not so high effect intensity of evidences. From this review, we can see that in treatment of HT, intervention of preparation of Xiakucao combined with LT4 has advantages on improvement of clinical efficiency, decreasing serum level of TPO-Ab and shrinkage of thyroid gland. However, due to the quality of evidence, more rigorously designed and high-quality trials are needed in the future to verify the clinical efficacy and safety of preparation of Xiakucao in treating HT.
Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Iodide Peroxidase ; Prunella ; Thyroxine

The ultrastructural parameters related to synaptic release of endings which are presynaptic to tooth pulp afferent terminals (p-endings) were analyzed to understand the underlying mechanism for presynaptic modulation of tooth pulp afferents. Tooth pulp afferents were labelled by applying wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase to the rat right lower incisor, whereafter electron microscopic morphometric analysis with serial section and reconstruction of p-endings in the trigeminal oral nucleus was performed. The results obtained from 15 p-endings presynaptic to 11 labeled tooth pulp afferent terminals were as follows. P-endings contained pleomorphic vesicles and made symmetrical synaptic contacts with labeled terminals. The p-endings showed small synaptic release-related ultrastructural parameters: volume, 0.82 ± 0.45 µm³ (mean ± SD); surface area, 4.50 ± 1.76 µm²; mitochondrial volume, 0.15 ± 0.07 µm³; total apposed surface area, 0.69 ± 0.24 µm²; active zone area, 0.10 ± 0.04 µm²; total vesicle number, 1045 ± 668.86; and vesicle density, 1677 ± 684/µm². The volume of the p-endings showed strong positive correlation with the following parameters: surface area (r=0.97, P<0.01), mitochondrial volume (r=0.56, P<0.05), and total vesicle number (r=0.73, P<0.05). However, the volume of p-endings did not positively correlate or was very weakly correlated with the apposed surface area (r=-0.12, P=0.675) and active zone area (r=0.46, P=0.084). These results show that some synaptic release-related ultrastructural parameters of p-endings on the tooth pulp afferent terminals follow the "size principle" of Pierce and Mendell (1993) in the trigeminal nucleus oralis, but other parameters do not. Our findings may demonstrate a characteristic feature of synaptic release associated with p-endings.
Animals ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Incisor ; Mitochondrial Size ; Rats ; Tooth* ; Trigeminal Nuclei

To analyze the developmental changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons, wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into the digastric muscle and visualized the retrogradely HRP-labeled motoneurons through tungstate/tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and following diaminobenzidine (DAB) reactions. The results obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal days 1 (P1), 10 (P10) and 30 (P30) indicated as follows: firstly, soma diameters of digastric motoneurons showed unimodal distribution in all postnatal days examined; secondly, the period of P1 to P10 (period 1) showed about 2 times faster growth rate than that of P10 to P30 (period 2); thirdly, the smallest soma examined in each postnatal day exhibited slower growth rate with that of the largest one (increase ratio in soma diameters from P1 to P30, smallest vs. largest =1.62 : 1.93); Finally, relative growth rates a day showed again that period 1 had faster growth rate than that of period 2. Consequently, developmental changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons resulted in very different growth rates between both periods. This implies that the growth of the soma is almost completing within P10 and thereafter growing slowly. The period 1 and 2 are corresponding to sucking and sucking/masticatory period, respectively. Therefore present study providing morphological changes in soma diameters of digastric motoneurons suggests that both periods and their different growth rates of the motoneurons in each period may closely be related with each other.
Animals ; Carisoprodol* ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley