Adolescent ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma ; pathology ; surgery ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Peritoneum ; pathology ; surgery

Hernia, Inguinal/surgery* ; Humans ; Mesothelioma/surgery* ; Mesothelioma, Malignant ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Peritoneum

The theory of membrane anatomy has been widely used in the field of colorectal surgery. The key point to perform high quality total mesorectal excision (TME) and complete mesocolic excision (CME) is to identify the correct anatomical plane. Intraoperative identification of the various fasciae and fascial spaces is the key to accessing the correct surgical plane and surgical success. The landmark vessels refer to the small vessels that originate from the original peritoneum on the surface of the abdominal viscera during embryonic development and are produced by the fusion of the fascial space. From the point of view of embryonic development, the abdominopelvic fascial structure is a continuous unit, and the landmark vessels on its surface do not change morphologically with the fusion of fasciae and have a specific pattern. Drawing on previous literature and clinical surgical observations, we believe that tiny vessels could be used to identify various fused fasciae and anatomical planes. This is a specific example of membrane anatomical surgery.
Humans ; Mesentery/surgery* ; Colonic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Colorectal Surgery ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Peritoneum/surgery* ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Laparoscopy

Trocar placement and camera-dissection in the midline is the most commonly applied method for total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TEP), for which the theory of membrane anatomy has guiding significance. We hereby applies the theories and concepts, such as "fascia lining", "multi-layer", "inter-fascial planes", "combined inter-fascial plane" and "plane transition", to elucidate the key steps of TEP, for instance, space creation, hernia sac dissection, mesh flattening. Camera-dissection is performed along the posterior sheath of the rectus abdominis. Firstly, the camera enters retro-rectus space locating between the rectus abdominis and the transversalis fascia (TF). There are inferior epigastric vessels and their branches in the retro-rectus space, thus over-dissection should be avoided. Secondly, the camera goes downward through the TF into the pre-peritoneal space. The pre-peritoneal space is divided into the parietal plane and visceral plane by pre-peritoneal fascia (PPF). Both bladder and spermatic cord components locate on the visceral plane. Dissection of the median area should be implemented on the parietal plane, namely "surgical space", to protect the bladder. The parietal plane is the "holy plane" of TEP. Dissection of the indirect hernia area should be implemented on the visceral plane, namely "anatomical space", to protect the spermatic cord components. The reduction of direct hernia could be understood as the easy separation of TF and PPF. The reduction of indirect hernia is relatively difficult separation of peritoneum and spermatic cord components. During the transition of parietal and visceral planes, PPF (especially the pre-peritoneal loop) should be dissected for complete parietalization, in order to flatten the mesh.
Abdominal Wall ; Hernia, Inguinal/surgery* ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Peritoneum/surgery* ; Surgical Mesh

Objective: To investigate the anatomic characteristics of the left parietal peritoneum and its surgical implementation while dissecting in left retro-mesocolic space. Methods: A descriptive case series research methods was used. (1) surgical videos of 35 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection (complete mobilization of splenic flexure) of colorectal cancer in Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2018 and December 2018 were reviewed; (2) four specimens after radical resection of rectal cancer performing in June 2020 were prospectively enrolled and reviewed; (3) five specimens of left parietal peritoneum from 5 cadaveric abdomen (3 males and 2 females) were enrolled and reviewed as well; Tissues of 3 unseparated regions, namely the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), the medial region and the lateral region (including kidney tissue), from above the 5 cadaveric abdominal specimens were selected to perform Masson staining and histopathological examination. Results: (1) Surgical video observation: "Staggered layer phenomenon" and typical left parietal peritoneum was found in 77.1% (27/35) of patients when the left retro-mesocolic space was separated from the lateral and central approaches. The left parietal peritoneum presented as a rigid fascia barrier between the lateral and central approaches, which was a translucent dense connective tissue fascia. After the splenic flexure were completely mobilized, the left parietal peritoneum stump continued to the cephalic side. (2) Observation of 4 surgical specimens: The dorsal side of the left mesocolon specimen was studied, and the left parietal peritoneum stump edge was identified. The outside of the stump edge was the left hemicolon dorsal layer, which was continuously downward to the rectal fascia propria. (3) Cadaveric abdominal specimens: The left retro-mesocolic space was separated through lateral and central approaches, and the rigid fascia barrier, essentially the left parietal peritoneum and Gerota fascia, was encountered. Cross-section view showed that the left parietal peritoneum could be further detached from the dorsal layer of the left mesocolon from the outside, but could not be further detached from the inside out. (4) Histological examination: There was no obvious fascia structure in the IMA root region, while outside the IMA root region, the left bundle of inferior mesenteric plexus penetrating Gerota fascia was observed. There were 4 layers of fascias in the medial region, including the ventral layer of the left mesocolon, the dorsal layer of the left mesocolon, left parietal peritoneum and Gerota fascia. Small vessels were observed between the dorsal layer of the left mesocolon and the left parietal peritoneum. In lateral region, renal tissue and renal fascia were observed. Three layers of fascia structures were observed clearly under high power field, including the dorsal layer of the left mesocolon, left parietal peritoneum, and Gerota fascia. Conclusions: The left parietal peritoneum is the anatomical basis of the "staggered layer phenomenon" from the lateral or central approaches during the separation of left retro-mesocolic space. The small vessels in the dissection plane are the anatomical basis of intraoperative microbleeding, which need pre-coagulation. The central part of Gerota fascia is penetrated by the branches of the inferior mesenteric plexus, which results in a relatively dense surgical plane. Thus, during the dissection through the central approach, it is easy to involve in wrong surgical plane by deeper dissection.
Colon, Transverse ; Colonic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Dissection ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Mesocolon ; Peritoneum ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery*

OBJECTIVETo probe into the operation method and clinical result of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

METHODSTwo male patients of prostate cancer underwent extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. The main operation procedures proceeded under the extraperitoneal laparoscope, consisting of dissecting the prostate gland, cutting the bladder shank and the apix of the prostate gland, and then freeing the seminal vesicles followed by removing the prostate anteriorly. The final step was to connect the urethra and bladder neck.

RESULTSThe operation time was 10 and 7 hours and blood loss was 1 000 and 500 ml respectively. The intestinal function resumed 24 hours after the operation. The catheter was removed 3 weeks after surgery and no complication was seen.

CONCLUSIONExtraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a good and least invasive method for local prostate cancer.

Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Peritoneum ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of modified cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa percreta in the third trimester via peritoneum lateral approach. METHODS: Data of 8 patients at 34 weeks or more gestation, who underwent cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa percreta in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, between January 2008 and December 2011, were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into a modified cesarean hysterectomy by peritoneum lateral approach group (modified group, n=4) and a conventional cesarean hysterectomy group (conventional group, n=4), according to the principles of the case-control and the operation performed by the same doctor. The incidence of blood loss, the number of transfusions of RBC, and the ocurrnce of complications were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The blood loss in the modified group and the conventional group was (2280±687) mL and (6150±2023) mL, and the number of transfusions of RBC was (4.5±2.1) U and (11.7±8.9) U, respectively. There was no coagulation disorder and ureteral injury in the modified group whereas there were 2 disorders and 1 injury in the conventional group. Two patients with bladder laceration were observed in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Large amounts of bleeding will be onset in the placenta previa percreta. Modified cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa percreta can reduce the blood loss and the incidence of related complications in the operation.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Peritoneum ; surgery ; Placenta Accreta ; surgery ; Placenta Previa ; surgery ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third

OBJECTIVETo investigate the technique and therapeutic effect of laparoscopy-insisted vaginoplasty with peritoneum in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome.

METHODSFrom May. in the Fifth People' s Hospital of Shenzhen. The therapeutic effect was retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSLaparoscopy-insisted vaginoplasty was successfully completely with peritoneum in patients with androgen in 4 cases. Ileumtivity segyndroment was used instead of peritoneum in one case. Open operation was not adopted in any cases. The ectopic testicles were removed during operation in 4 cases. The average operation time and bleeding volume was 60 min and 20 ml, respectively. Rectum, bladder and urethra were not injured in any case. The average vaginal length was 9 cm (range 8-10 cm) 21-28 days after operation. 6 months after operation, the surface of reconstructed vagina was smooth, ruddy and flexible, with satisfactory anatomical and functional results. Normal sexual activity was achieved in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopy-insisted vaginoplasty with peritoneum could be used for female patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome. The ectopic testicles should be removed. Estrogen supplement and psychological guide after operation are also important.

Adult ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Peritoneum ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Vagina ; surgery ; Young Adult

Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) that was developed to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic resection and conventional endoscopic resection methods (endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection). EFTR can be performed with endoscopy only or combined with a laparoscopic approach. During EFTR, the lesions can be exposed to peritoneum or not. Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a well-known procedure in which the lesion is exposed to peritoneum. Non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery (NEWS) and simple non-exposure EFTR were developed to escape the exposure of the lesions to peritoneum. Submucosal tunneling method may be a good candidate for treatment of subepithelial tumors at the esophagogasric junction and gastric cardia. This review will give an overview about current EFTR techniques to treat subepithelial tumors and adenocarcinoma of stomach.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cardia ; Endoscopy ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; Peritoneum ; Stomach ; United Nations

Management of defects on the hand and foot with exposed tendons remains a major challenge for plastic surgeons. Here, we present a case of hand reconstruction with a totally laparoscopic peritoneal flap. The anterior rectus sheath was preserved in situ. The peritoneal free flap supplied by peritoneal branches of the deep inferior epigastric artery was retrieved by laparoscopy to cover the soft tissue defect of the hand. The defect of the dorsal hand was 17 cm ×12 cm. The peritoneal flap measuring 22 cm × 15 cm survived completely without any complications. A following split-thickness skin graft offered the suc- cessful wound closure. Motor and sensory function improved gradually within the first year follow-up. The totally laparoscopic peritoneal free flap is a good choice for reconstruction of the soft tissue de- fects accompanied by exposed tendons on the hand and foot.
Adult ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Peritoneum ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods