OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from n-BuOH fraction of the stems of Periploca forrestii.

METHODThe compounds were separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques and recrystallisation. The physico-chemical properties and spectral data were applied to identify structure of these compounds.

RESULTSix glycosides were isolated and identified as emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), physcion-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (6).

CONCLUSIONThese six compounds were obtained for the first time from this plant.

Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Periploca ; chemistry

To study the chemical constituents of Periplocae Cortex, the separation and purification of 70% alcohol extract were carried out by column chromatographies on AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel and preparative HPLC. The structure of the compounds were identified by NMR and TOF-MS. A new compound was isolated and identified as 21-O-methyl-Δ5-pregnene-3β, 14β, 17β, 21-tetraol-20-one-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl (1), named as periplocoside P.
Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Pregnenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Tanshinone II A, which was known unique to the salvia, was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallisation from an ethyl acetate-soluble portion (the anti-inflammatory active portion) of ethanol extract of Periploca forrestii. The diterpenoid quinone was obtained from the Periploca for the first time.
Diterpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Quinones ; analysis ; isolation & purification

The chemical constituents of Periploca forrestii were studied by means of macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS column chromatography and PHPLC. Nine compounds were isolated from this plant. By using ESI-MS and NMR, the structures of the nine compounds were determined as scopoletin (1), trans-3, 4-methylenedioxycinnamyl alcohol (2), syringaresinol (3), syringaresinol 4-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 6'-0-(E)-feruloylsucrose (5), loliolide (6), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyl-benzaidehyde (7), delta5-pregnene-3beta, 17alpha, 20alpha-triol (8) and delta5-pregnene-3 beta, 17alpha, 20 alpha-triol-20-0-beta-D-canaropyranoside (9), respectively. Compounds 1, 2 and 5-7 are isolated from Periplocagenus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyze the content of periplocin in different part of the Periploca sepium in vitro plantlet and study its dynamic variation during the process of differentiation.

METHODThe seeds were generated seedling under aseptic condition, and the cut hypocotyl was induced to form the callus and adventitious buds on the MS culture medium with the hormone of IBA 0.1 mg x L(-1) + BA 1 mg x L(-1). The seedling was cut down when the buds grew up to 3 cm and then the root was cultured in the 1/2 MS culture medium with the hormone of IBA 0.5 mg x L(-1) to form intact plantlet. Different parts of it were collected and the content of periplocin was measured during the process of differentiation.

RESULTThe contents of periplocin varied widely in different parts during the process of differentiation, with the highest in the roots and then callus, stem and leaf of intact plantlet, stem and leaf of plantlet without root from high to low.

CONCLUSIONThe periplocin of the secondary metabolite is more likely to be produced and accumulated in root and callus. Periplocin in stem and leaf is probably transported by conducting tissue.

Periploca ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Saponins ; analysis ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques

Hevea brasiliensis is the main source of natural rubber. Restricted by its tropical climate conditions, the planting area in China is limited, resulted in a low self-sufficiency. Periploca sepium which can produce natural rubber is a potential substitute plant. cis-prenyltransferase (CPT), small rubber particle protein (SRPP) and rubber elongation factor (REF) are key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene, the main component of natural rubber. In this study, we cloned the promoter sequences of CPT, SRPP and REF through chromosome walking strategy. The spatial expression patterns of the three promoters were analyzed using GUS (β-glucuronidase) as a reporter gene driven by the promoters through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The results showed that GUS driven by CPT, SRPP or REF promoter was expressed in leaves and stems, especially in the leaf vein and vascular bundle. The GUS activity in stems was higher than that in leaf. This study provided a basis for analyzing the biosynthesis mechanism of natural rubber and breeding new varieties of high yield natural rubber.
Peptide Elongation Factors/genetics* ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Periploca/metabolism* ; Rubber ; Plant Breeding ; Cloning, Molecular

The aim of the paper was to develop a HPLC method for the quality control of Periploca forrestii Schltr. The 18 samples were analyzed on a Hypersil C18 column. The mobile phase was methanol-water (33:67) and the flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was at 370 nm and column temperature was 25 degrees C. The linear relationship was good (r = 0.999 9) in the range of 0.204 4-2.044 microg for quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside. The average recovery was 97.78% (RSD 0.8%, n = 9). The contents of 18 samples varied from 0.171% to 0.264%. The method showed high precision, good repeatability and stability, so it can be used to assess the quality of P. forrestii.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Periploca forrestii.

METHODThe constituents were separate using such various column chromatographic techniques as silica gel, RP-18 silica gel, MCI and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified by such methods as spectral analysis.

RESULTTen compounds were isolated and identified as periforgenin A-3-O-beta-digitoxopyranoside (1), beta-sitosterol (2), periforoside I (3), ursolic acid (4), periplogenin (5), periplocin (6), glycoside E (7), periplocoside M (8) , daucosterol (9), 2alpha, 3alpha, 23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (10).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was a new cardiac glycoside and compound 8 was reported for the first time from this plant.

Cardiotonic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Periploca ; chemistry

OBJECTIVES: The root barks of Periploca sepium Bge. (P. sepium) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing wounds and treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, toxicity in high-doses was often diagnosed by the presence of many glycosides. The potential mutagenicity of P. sepium was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: This was examined by the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test using Escherichia coli WP2uvrA and Salmonella typhimurium strains, such as TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. Chromosomal aberrations were investigated using Chinese hamster lung cells, and the micronucleus test using mice. RESULTS: P. sepium did not induce mutagenicity in the bacterial test or chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, although metabolic activation and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were seen in the mice bone marrow cells. CONCLUSIONS: Considering these results, it is suggested that P. sepium does not have mutagenic potential under the conditions examined in each study.
Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Biotransformation ; Bone Marrow ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Erythrocytes ; Escherichia coli ; Glycosides ; Lung ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Micronucleus Tests ; Periploca ; Salmonella typhimurium

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Periploca calophylla.

METHODVarious chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the constituents, and their structures were identified by spectral and chemical methods.

RESULTTwo oligosaccharides were isolated from the chloroform part of P. calophylla and their structures were identified as 4-O-acetyl-beta-cymaropyranosyl (1-->4)-O-beta-D-cymaropyranosyl(1-->4)-O-beta-D-canaropyranosyl (1-->4)-O-beta-D-cymaropyranosy(1-->4)-O-oleandronic acid-delta-lactone(1), and perisaccharide B (2).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 is a new compound. Compound 2 is reported for the first time from this plant.

Carbohydrate Sequence ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Oligosaccharides ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods