The aim of the study was to see the total IgG and IgG subclass responses against Aa and Pg in the four early onset periodontitis (EOP) subforms or adult periodontitis (AP). 6 patients consisting of 3 patients from subform I (distinctive LJP pattern), 19 from subform II (post-juvenile periodontitis pattern), 16 from subform III ( LJP pattern but rapidly progressing), 24 from age-matched AP (20-40 years of age) have been selected for the measurements of the total IgG and each IgG subclass against to Pg and the IgG subclass against Aa, respectively. The total IgG titers against to Pg of the subforms I & III had a significantly higher values than subforms II and IV (P<0.05). Among the IgG subclasses, only the lgG3 levels were significantly higher in the subform I than the subform IV(P <0.05). Wide ranges of the antibody titers were noted in all of the EOP subforms and the AP. Except for the subform I, which was typical of localized form, the IgG2 subclass levels to Pg gradually became higher in accordance with the subforms II, III and IV. Both of IgG2 and the IgG4 antibody levels of the EOP were significantly higher than those of AP, while other subclasses were not. All of the four IgG subclass levels to Pg were consistently found to be higher in the younger age group around 20. The levels found to be low around the thirties and then gradually became higher at the ages of late thirties. The IgG2 titer to Aa in the subform I was significantly higher than those of any other subforms. Combinations of IgG1+2+4 were the most frequently found to be elevated followed by the IgG4 only, the IgG2 only, the IgG2+4, the IgG2+3+4, and the IgG1 only, in the descending order.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; Aggressive Periodontitis* ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Periodontitis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis

The purpose of the research is to compare the distribution of Black-pigmented Bacteroides between Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis. P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and P. nigrescens were examined in order to evaluate their distribution in patients with Chronic Periodontitis(CP) and Aggressive Periodontitis(AP). PCR and dot-blots hybridization of 16S rRNA gene were used to compare bacterial distribution of two groups - CP group and AP group, which were divided into two subgroups. Subgingival plaque taken from the diseased sites(pocket depth> or =6 mm) and healthy sites(pocket depth< or =3 mm) were grouped into the experimental group and the control group. The result are as follows ; 1. The distribution of P. gingivalis was 98.33% for chronic Periodotitis(CP), 94.17% for Aggressive Periodontitis(AP), the distribution of P. intermedia was 77.50% for CP, 64.17% for AP, and the distribution of P. nigrescens was 35.00%, 29.17%. In all 3 types of bacteria, CP group showed higher distribution compared to AP group, but only P. intermedia showed statistically significant difference. 2. In the case of CP, every type of bacteria showed higher distribution in the experimental group with statistically significant difference. 3. In the case of AP, every type of bacteria also showed higher distribution in the experimental group, but P. gingivalis and P. .intermedia showed the result with statistically significant difference, and the other did not 4. In 3 all bacteria type, N-AP showed higher distribution than N-CP without statistically significant difference These results suggest that the comparison of the distribution of Bacteroides between Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis has no statistically significant difference, except P. intermedia.
Aggressive Periodontitis* ; Bacteria ; Bacteroides* ; Chronic Periodontitis* ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the survival rate and peri-implant clinical parameters of Locking-Taper implants in patients having lost their teeth due to non-periodontitis (NP) reasons, chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP). METHODS: In the study, 145 subjects were installed with 315 Bicon Locking-Taper implants and followed up for 1-5 years. The subjects and implants were classified into three groups, tooth loss by NP, CP and AgP. NP included 44 subjects with 100 implants, CP 70 subjects with 132 implants and AgP 31 subjects with 83 implants. Periodontal parameters before subgingival scaling and root planning (T0), at the end of active periodontal therapy (T1) and at the time of last recall (T2) were recorded. Right after the installation of final restoration and at the time of last recall (T2), peri-implant probing parameters were recorded. RESULTS: After active periodontal therapy, mean probing depth (PD) in CP and AgP were reduced from 4.05 mm, 5.20 mm at T0 to 3.07 mm, 2.96 mm at T1 (P<0.001, P<0.001), (PD≥6 mm)% were reduced from 33.2%, 58.5% at T0 to 14.4%, 10.5% at T1 (P<0.001, P<0.001). The periodontal parameters remained stable at T2 compared with T1 (P>0.05). Cumulative survival rates of implants in NP, CP and AgP were 100%, 97.6% and 100% for 1-5 years' follow-ups with no statistical significance found. At T2, mean implant PD was 2.78 mm, 2.96 mm and 2.97 mm in NP, CP and AgP, with NP significantly lower than the other two groups (P=0.006, P=0.01). The percentage of implant sites with PD≥6 mm was 3.7% in CP and 4.8% in AgP, both significantly higher than NP (P=0.003, P<0.001). 8.4% implant sites showed at least 2 mm deeper than those at prosthesis installation were found in CP group, significantly higher than NP (4.3%, P=0.003). CONCLUSION Periodontal conditions of patients having lost their teeth for chronic and aggressive periodontitis were significantly improved after active periodontal therapy and remained stable during 1-5 years. Short-term survival rates of Locking-Taper implants in patients treated for CP and AgP was no less than those who lost their teeth for non-periodontitis reasons. More sites with increasing peri-implant probing depth were found in CP and AgP patients, compared with NP.
Aggressive Periodontitis/therapy* ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Dental Implants ; Dental Scaling ; Humans ; Periodontal Index ; Tooth Loss ; Treatment Outcome

Chronic Disease ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Periapical Abscess ; pathology ; Periapical Granuloma ; pathology ; Periapical Periodontitis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Problem Solving ; Prognosis ; Radicular Cyst ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

Putrefactive activity within the oral cavity is the principal cause of halitosis. The most common intraoral sites of oral malodor production are tongue, interdental and subgingival areas. The other foci may include faulty restorations, sites of food impaction and abscesses. Periodontal disease frequently involves pathological oral malodor, which is caused mainly by volatile sulfur compounds(VSC), such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between oral malodor and periodontal status. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air were estimated by portable sulfide monitor(Halimeter(TM)). The results were as follows : 1.The levels of volatile sulfur compounds were significantly greater in a periodontitis group than in a control group(P<0.01). The amounts of VSC in mouth air from patients with periodontal involvement were four times greater than those of the control group. 2.The significant positive correlation was found between VSC concentrations and the number of pocket depth above 4mm(P<0.01), but correlation between VSC concentrations and plaque score was not statistically significant(P>0.05). 3.In the periodontitis group, VSC concentrations of pre-treatment significantly decreased after scaling and root planing(P<0.01). 4.No statistically significant correlation was found between VSC concentrations and sex / age in the periodontitis group. The above results indicate that periodontal disease may play a role as an important factor of oral malodor and deep periodontal pockets are a source of volatile sulfur compounds.
Abscess ; Halitosis ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; Mouth ; Periodontal Diseases* ; Periodontal Pocket ; Periodontitis ; Sulfur ; Sulfur Compounds ; Tongue

chronic renal failure and acute renal failure were next in order of frequency. But, there was the most frequent dental consultation in the chronic renal failure, owing to the many oral complications. Male prediction(55.2%) was almost existed in the dental consultation patients with renal diseases. But, there was the female prediction(61.9%) in the primary glomerular diseases. The most common age group of the dental consultation patients with renal diseases was the fifty decade(26.5%), followed by the thirty, sixty and fourty decade in order. In the contents of chief complaints on the dental consultation patients with renal diseases, peak incidence was occurred as toothache(40.3%), followed by oral ulcer, mucositis and intraoral bleeding in order. In the pathologic diagnosis of oral complications in the dental consultation patients with renal diseases, pulpitis(16.1%) was the frequent disease and periodontitis, advanced caries, oral ulcer, gingivitis, mucositis, periapical abscess and periodontal abscess were next in order of freguency. In the care group of oral complications, the most freguent incidence(28.9%) was showed in the endodontic treatment(primary endodontic drainage), and followed by scaling, incision and drainage, only medications, restoration, ointment application onto the ulcer and daily dressing in order.]]>
Acute Kidney Injury ; Bandages ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Gingivitis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance, Health ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Male ; Mucositis ; Oral Ulcer ; Periapical Abscess ; Periodontal Abscess ; Periodontitis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulcer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of subgingival bacterial compositions between periodontally healthy and diseased sites. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 100 sites in 20 untreated adult periodontitis patients(experimental group), and 100 sites in healthy individuals(control group). Before sampling, probing pocket depth(PPD) and clinical level of attachment(CAL), Plaque Index(PI), and Sulcus Bleeding Index(SBI) were recorded for each sampled sites. Microbial samples were collected from the bases of gingival sulci or periodontal pockets with sterile curettes. The samples were examined under darkfield microscope(x400). At least 150 bacteria were evaluated and categorized on the basis of bacterial morphology and motility, i.e. cocci, non-motile rods, motile rods, and spirochetes. In control group, subgingival microbial flora consisted of 73.7% of cocci, 20.0% of non-motile rods, 4.3% of motile rods, and 2.0% of spirochetes. The microbial samples from experimental group consisted of 51.5% of cocci, 19.4% of non-motile rods, 17.6% of motile rods, and 11.6% of spirochetes. The proportion of cocci was higher in control group than in experimental group. Proportions of motile rods and spirochetes were higher in experimental group than in control group. The proportion of nonmotile rods in experimental group and control group was not significantly different. Sulcus Bleeding Index and Plaque Index showed high correlation with the bacterial composition. These findings suggests that examination of subgingival bacterial proportion may serve as more sensitive mirror of the local periodontal status than clinical parameters.
Adult* ; Bacteria ; Chronic Periodontitis* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Periodontal Pocket* ; Spirochaetales

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore root shape abnormalities, to investigate the influence of root form abnormalities on periodontal attachment loss, and to gather basic data to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of aggressive periodontitis. METHODS: From January 2010 to June 2012, a survey was conducted of all 3,284 periodontitis patients who visited the Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Dentistry. Clinical parameters (probing depth, periodontal attachment loss, missing teeth) were measured and a radiographic examination was performed at the baseline. We classified the root shape abnormality of bicuspids and molars based on Meng classification. RESULTS: The periodontal attachment loss was the highest at the maxillary first molar (6.03 mm). The loss of the second molar was prominent. Type V deformity was shown to be the most common in the second maxillary and mandibular molars (P<0.05). Type V root shape was associated with the highest attachment loss (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the small population and limited design of this study, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. We suggest larger scale, methodologically more sophisticated studies that include normal controls and chronic periodontitis patients to clarify whether root form abnormalities are a potential risk factor for aggressive periodontitis.
Aggressive Periodontitis ; Bicuspid ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dentistry ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Methods ; Molar ; Periodontal Attachment Loss* ; Periodontitis ; Risk Factors ; Tooth Loss ; Tooth Root

Anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) is caused due to an underlying chronic inflammatory process. It is not due to marrow deficiency of iron. Chronic periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition which has been associated with anaemia of chronic disease. The aim of this study is to estimate various hematologic parameters suggestive of ACD in patients with chronic periodontitis and in the process to establish a relation between the two. Forty patients were selected and were categorized, based on the presence and absence of chronic periodontitis, into case and control groups, with 20 subjects in each group. Hematologic evaluation was done. Complete haemogram, haematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and estimation of serum ferritin were done. An independent t-test was calculated. Statistically significant values (p<0.05) were obtained for neutrophil count, ESR, red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and serum ferritin. ESR, RBC and serum ferritin levels were significantly increased in subjects with chronic periodontitis. There were significant differences in neutrophil, ESR, RBC and serum ferritin in subjects having severe form of generalized chronic periodontitis. Thus, it was concluded that chronic generalized periodontitis, by means of an inflammatory process, influences various hematologic parameters are suggestive of anaemia of chronic disease.
Chronic Periodontitis ; Periodontitis

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganism. Hypertension is one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease whereas periodontitis has recently drawn increasing attention because of its potential relationship with cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of the hypertension in CP patients as well as to evaluate the association between hypertension and severity of CP. One hundred and eighty five records of CP patients treated in Dental Clinic, Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital (USM Hospital), Kelantan from 2010 until 2013 were retrieved and reviewed. The diagnosis of periodontal disease and the presence of hypertension were recorded. The severity of chronic periodontitis was classified into mild, moderate and severe according to the clinical attachment loss. The data was obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Majority of the subjects were from Malay ethnic group (94.4%) at the age range between 41 and 61 years (67.8%). In conclusion, the prevalence of hypertension in chronic periodontitis patients was 12.2%. There was no significant association between hypertension and severity of CP (p=0.229).
Hypertension ; Periodontitis ; Chronic Periodontitis